HSB4U

1. HSB4U Thursday Feb. 20, 2014

2. Good afternoon… Hello class. I hope that you will be responsive and focused as you go through a few loose ends from chapter two that might turn up on the quiz tomorrow. I already anticipate positive reinforcement!

3. Tasks #1 and 2 • Please take notes on Abraham Maslow and his theory from page 58. • The heading will be Psychological Theories of Change • Once you have taken brief notes, please ask the teacher to advance to the next slide to look at Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. • Once there, have a brief chat in your groups about how this theory could apply to Residential Schools.

4. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

5. Next… • The next group of slides will advance through some of the sociological theories of change. The purpose of this is to review, refresh, reinforce. • There are some questions for discussion at your table or tidbits of interesting information. • Some students learn best by “talking” – make sure it is on topic.

6. SociologicalTheories of Social Change • Tension and Adaptation – when so much change occurs in society (tension, such as the Great Depression) social institutions need to adapt by doing new things • Before the 1930s when people were struggling they’d either have to cope on their own or turn to private charities or religious supports. • With so many people suffering in the Great Depression, the government (an institution) adapted by taking on the role of helping people • What happened after 911 that showed tension and adaptation?

7. Accumulation • Our knowledge accumulates (grows) over time • New generations thus develop new ways of doing things • E.g., television was new in the 1950s for your parents (or grandparents) What would be an example of accumulation in our day and age?

8. Diffusion of innovations • New things are spread by people who adopt the changes early on and speak out in favour of them • E.g., celebrity wears a new fashion trend • What would be an example of a diffusion of innovations other than the one above?

9. Cultural pluralism • Pluralism = when minorities are allowed to maintain their traditions • In a diverse society like Canada there are so many groups, they need to discuss with each other before making any decisions • Slows change • What is the relationship between pluralism and assimilation?

10. Technology • Social networking can lead to a lot of social change • Did you know that Facebook, now in its tenth year, went from having 17 million users in 2007 to 500 million in 2011? • Did you know that the trigger event for the eruption of the protests in Egypt in 2011 related to Facebook? (next slide please)

11. WaelGhonim In June 2010 Khaled Said was beaten to death after exposing police corruption in Egypt. WaelGhonim, a Egyptian Google marketing executive, established a Facebook page in July called “We are Khaled Said.” By January it had 350 000 members. The day of revolt in Egypt drew 15 000 protestors to Tahrir Square in Cairo while 20 000 people protested in Alexandria. Eventually hundreds of thousands of protestors filled the streets. Ghonim was arrested on January 27. The government shut down the internet in Egypt. On February 11, President Mubarak resigned.

12. Gender gaps • Men and women are raised differently • Women are socialized more in the private sphere (in the home as opposed to outside the home) • McCormack studies voting • Though men and women don’t necessarily all vote together, women are influenced by their private sphere upbringing • Did you know that Barack Obama is much more popular with women voters? There was an 18% gender gap in 2012 and a 12% gap in 2008.

13. Discourses, Smith • The way people talk about a subject = discourses • School discourse (words like rubric and victory lap are specific to going to school in Ontario) • Social media discourse (Ms. G has no idea what hashtag anything means) • All of these influence the way we think and act, potentially leading to social change • As a class, write a sentence that shows “celebrity discourse” and email it to Ms. G who probably won’t understand it (that’s the point – we speak different discourses).

14. Mini Quiz • _______________ Skilled people with access to development funds; they have influence. • _______________ Require consensus on basic values and beliefs in order to take action. (synonym for multicultural) • _______________ Growth of knowledge from generation to generation allows development of new ways of doing things. • _______________ In this older theory, equilibrium is the balancing-out factor when institutions struggle with something new. • _______________ Ways of communicating that influence the way we think and act.

15. _______________ Women are socialized in the private sphere which influences their political viewpoints. • _______________ Proximity to the core determines wealth. • _______________ The core of it is at the centre of profit made from international trade. • _______________ By adopting and speaking in favour of something new, they cause the diffusion of innovations. • _______________ Your generation has a very different one, rooted in social networking, while your parents’ may focus more on the world of work. We have to take them into account for social change to occur.

16. Did you get a gold star? Study for the quiz tomorrow. Please bring your social change article if I have not yet checked it.