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Waves

Waves. #1. A wave is a back & forth motion that carries energy through matter or through space. A wave transfers energy without transferring matter. #2. There are two types of waves:. Mechanical. Waves that travel through matter by creating vibrations in a medium.

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Waves

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  1. Waves

  2. #1 • A wave is a back & forth motion that carries energy through matter or through space. • A wave transfers energy without transferring matter.

  3. #2 There are two types of waves: Mechanical Waves that travel through matter by creating vibrations in a medium. Egs: sound, water, seismic Waves that can travel through matter or empty space. They DO NOT require a medium. Egs: radio, microwaves, visible light, X-rays Electromagnetic

  4. Two Kinds of Mechanical Waves longitudinal or compressional transverse

  5. Mechanical waves MUST travel through a MEDIUM • Sound waves – air • Water waves – water • Seismic waves – ground (Earth) Sound waves are compressional Water waves are transverse

  6. Electromagnetic Waves DO NOT NEED a MEDIUM. They can travel through a vacuum(ex. space)and various mediums. All EM waves are transverse waves.

  7. ROYGBIV

  8. Wavelength Crest Amplitude Waveheight REST Amplitude Trough Wavelength Wave Train = 6 waves

  9. #3 Characteristics of Waves CREST – highest point on a wave TROUGH – lowest point on a wave

  10. Compression – part of wave where it is squeezed together Rarefaction – part of the wave where it is far apart

  11. Wavelength – distance from one point on a wave to the next corresponding point. (from crest to crest OR trough to trough)

  12. Amplitude – height of wave from resting position. ½ of total wave height ( ½ crest to trough)

  13. A bigger amplitude means more energy

  14. 1second Frequency – the number of waves in a given time period. Measured in Hertz (Hz) In the diagram above – 2 Hz

  15. Hertz • The unit of measure for frequency. • Named after the German scientist Heinrich Hertz, who first produced radio waves.

  16. Pitch • Pitch is the highness or lowness of sound. • Higher frequency = higher pitch Flute – high frequency instrument Tuba – low frequency instrument

  17. What do you notice about their amplitude? Frequency? What happens to wavelength as frequency increases?

  18. Reflection • The bouncing back of waves. The angle the waves hit. The angle the waves hit.

  19. Refraction • When waves move from one • medium to another, they change • speed and bend.

  20. Diffraction When waves pass around a barrier or through a hole in the barrier they bend and spread out.

  21. Interference This refers to the interaction of waves. Sometimes waves interact when they are moving in the same direction . Sometimes, they interact when moving in opposite directions.

  22. Constructive waves add together to create a bigger wave (amplitude). Destructive waves diminish each other or cancel each other out.

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