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ORIENTATION AND GENERAL SAFETY

ORIENTATION AND GENERAL SAFETY. Importance of metals and welding instruction to the industries. Most of the work today involves some type of mechanical or welding activity. Advantages of training in a metals or welding skill. . Aids students in discovering mechanical aptitudes.

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ORIENTATION AND GENERAL SAFETY

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  1. ORIENTATION ANDGENERAL SAFETY

  2. Importance of metals and welding instruction to the industries. • Most of the work today involves some type of mechanical or welding activity.

  3. Advantages of training in a metals or welding skill. • Aids students in discovering mechanical aptitudes. • Trains students in basic skills needed in the industries today. • Prepares students for future training in metals and welding. • Prepares students for entry into job opportunities after high school.

  4. Rules for keeping an orderly and safe shop. • Think safety at all times • Wear safety glasses • Wear clean, protective clothing while in the shop • Be aware of others when doing a task that might hurt someone • Keep work areas clean • Get instruction on the use of all equipment before using

  5. Continued • Use the right tools and equipment for the right job • Return all tools and equipment to their proper place • Report all accidents to the instructor • The shop is not a place to play

  6. Rules regarding eye and face protection • Protective eye and face equipment shall be required in any lab or shop facility. • No unprotected person shall knowingly be subjected to a hazardous environmental condition. • Suitable eye protectors shall be provided where machines or operations present the hazard of flying objects or glare. (face shields and screens) • Eye and face protection shall meet the American National Standards. • 1. ANS • 2. Z 87 rated

  7. Fuel Oxygen Heat / Spark Fuel Heat ΔOxygen Components necessary for a fire to occur.

  8. Classes of fires • Class A (Δ) • Fires that occur in ordinary combustible materials. • Example: Wood, rags, and trash • Class B ( ■ ) • Fires that occur with flammable liquids. • Example: Gasoline, oil, grease, paints, and thinners

  9. Continued • Class C ( O ) • Fires that occur in or near electrical equipment • Example: Motors, switchboards, electrical wiring, and computers. • Class D ( * ) • Fires that occur with combustible metals. • Example: Magnesium, Zinc

  10. FIRE DRILL • We will always exit through the shop door incase of a fire. If the shop door is not accessible, we then will exit through the classroom and into hallway and out the doors at the left end of hallway. We will meet as a class on the far side of the west parking lot.

  11. Types of fire extinguishers • Pressurized water • used on Class A fires • Soda Acid • used on Class A fires • Carbon dioxide (CO2) • used on Class B and C fires

  12. Continued • Dry Chemical • used on Class B, C, and D fires • Foam • used on Class A and B fires

  13. Sources of electrical defects in equipment • Ground wire missing, broken, improperly connected, or not connected at all. • Never remove ground prong on equipment cords. • Open conduits; switch boxes damaged or worn. • Worn, wet, or oily insulation causing short circuits.

  14. Continued • Defective switches, receptacles, extension or lamp cords, and lamp sockets. • Dirty, improperly adjusted electrical equipment. • Loose, vibrating machine parts which might cause a short circuit. • Cracked insulation; bare or exposed wires.

  15. Types of circuit protection devices • Fuses • Blade • Cartridge • Plug • Edison base • Type s • Accessory • This fuse is mainly used in automotive and equipment circuits utilizing a battery as a primary source of power.

  16. Continued • Circuit breakers • Single pole • Double pole • Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter • Turns off power source due to a short.

  17. Electrical Shock • Less than ¼ ampere will stop the heart. • Current flowing in a 25-watt lamp at 115 volts is enough to stop the heart of an average person. • Voltage pushes electric charges through wires, and also through an electrical resistance, which heats up the resistive object. The flow of the charges is measured in amperes, the flow of electrical energy into the resistive object and the heat output is measured in watts, and the resistance is measured in ohms. Amperes and Watts are two different kinds of flow, yet both happen in circuits.

  18. Continued • 120 – 240 volts • If a person is being shocked at this voltage do not take hold of the person’s body with your bare hands. • Hit Emergency Shut Off.

  19. Continued • Over 240 volts • Assume a downed wire is hot and can kill you. • Protect the scene by having someone keep passersby at least 200 feet away. • Call power supplier immediately and give exact location of the trouble.

  20. Steps to be taken involving accidents and first aid. • Accidents • Report all accidents to the Teacher immediately. • Do not attempt to move victim unless absolutely necessary to protect a life. • Leave accident scene alone; Do not move anything.

  21. Continued • First Aid • Stop the bleeding • Clear the air • Treat if possible

  22. Facts to be known about a job before starting • What tools are needed • Hazards that may be involved • Skills needed to complete job.

  23. General shop information • A cord should always be removed from the outlet by the plug. • When around or near rotating equipment, and you have long hair it should be tucked into the back of your coveralls. Hair must be pulled back at all other times.

  24. Continued • When carrying sharp tools, the sharp edge should be pointed down. • Always lock out or unplug a piece of equipment before you do any work or maintenance on the equipment. • Baggy, loose, or worn and frayed clothing will not be allowed in the shop.

  25. Continued • All jewelry including, rings, watches, and dangling earrings must be removed before entering shop. • Do not distract someone that is operating any equipment. The only person allowed to be around the equipment is the operator; unless being helped by the instructor.

  26. Continued • The air hose should only be used to run equipment. It should never be sprayed directly at the face or the skin. • A visual inspection of all equipment should be performed before you start work. The instructor should be notified immediately of anything out of the ordinary. • Keep hands and fingers away from any moving parts at all times.

  27. Continued • The first aid kit is located inside the shop door on the wall. • Gas will never be allowed in the shop. • Nylon clothing will not be allowed due to it burning and melting to the skin. • Reason for wearing PPE: • Prevents injuries • It is required

  28. Common tools used in the shop. • Welding shield • Safety Glasses • Welding Gloves • Welder’s chipping hammer • Grinder • Wire brush • Pliers • Tape Measure

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