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MOLES Chapter 10

MOLES Chapter 10 . Dimensional Analysis. All you need to know: Conversion factors The process Given with unit x __________ x ___________. EXAMPLE 1 What is the mass of 90 average-sized apples if a dozen apples has a mass of 2.0 kg?.

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MOLES Chapter 10

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  1. MOLESChapter 10

  2. Dimensional Analysis • All you need to know: • Conversion factors • The process • Given with unit x __________ x ___________ EXAMPLE 1 • What is the mass of 90 average-sized apples if a dozen apples has a mass of 2.0 kg? • 90 apples x 1 dozen apples x 2.0 kg apples = 15 kg apples 12 apples 1 dozen apples

  3. EXAMPLE 2 • If a bushel is a dozen apples and a dozen apples has a mass of 2.0 kg, what is the mass of 0.5 bushel of apples? • 0.5 bushel x dozen apples x 2.0 kg = 1.0 kg • 1 bushel I dozen • EXAMPLE 3 • Assume 2.0 kg of apples is a dozen and that each apple has 8 seeds. How many apple seeds are in 14 kg of apples? • 14 kg x 1 dozen x 12 apples x 8 seeds = 672 seeds • 2 kg 1 dozen 1 apple

  4. JUST HOW MUCH DO YOU HAVE? • We measure the amount of something by using one of three different methods • by mass (bird seed) • by count (screws) • by volume (paint) • Can you go from one to another?

  5. by MASS: Molar Mass • # of grams of an element in one mole of that element. • atomic mass of the element with the units of g/mol • Get it from the periodic table • Molar mass of compounds: • add the molar mass of every atom present in the compound • You will use molar mass as a conversion factor to convert between grams and moles.

  6. Elements • Find the molar mass on the periodic table round to 0.01 grams/mol Compounds • ADD the molar mass of every atom present in the compound

  7. If you know the MOLAR MASS … • You can convert between grams and moles! Volume of gas at STP 1 Mole Molar mass (g/mol) Mass Representative Particles

  8. By COUNT: Avogadro's NumberHow big is 6.02x1023?602 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 • If you had Avogadro's number of un-popped popcorn kernels, and spread them across the United States of America, the country would be covered in popcorn to a depth of over 9 miles. • If we were able to count atoms at the rate of 10 million per second, it would take about 2 billion years to count the atoms in one mole. • A mole of coke cans would cover the surface of the earth to a depth of over 200 miles.

  9. If you know Avogadro’s number… • You can convert between particles and moles! Volume of gas at STP 1 Mole Avogadro’s Number 6.02 x 10 23 Molar mass (g/mol) Mass Representative Particles Atoms – elements Formula Units - ionic Molecules - covalent

  10. If you know Molar Volume… • You can convert between Liters and moles! Volume of gas at STP 22.4 L / mol @STP 1 Mole Avogadro’s Number 6.02 x 10 23 Molar mass (g/mol) Mass Representative Particles Atoms – elements Formula Units - ionic Molecules - covalent

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