Welcome- Introductions Cultural Competency What is Child Sexual Abuse Effects of Abuse

1. Welcome-Introductions Cultural Competency What is Child Sexual Abuse Effects of Abuse How to Support a Survivor of CSA The Stages of Healing from CSA Community Resources Questions Evaluation

2. Group Responsibilities Take Care of Yourself Confidentiality Listen Respectfully Honor Time Limits Respect Differences Keep an Open Mind Child Sexual Abuse Training

3. Survivors Healing Center

4. OUR SERVICES Intensive Therapy Groups Information and Referrals Outreach and Education Free Lending Library Art of Healing Event Walk To Stop the Silence Event Speaker Panels Volunteer Opportunities Child Sexual Abuse Training

5. What is Child Sexual Abuse?

6. 1/4 girls and 1/6 boys are sexually assaulted before they turn 18 (ACE Study) Only 3/10 rapes are reported to the police (FBI) Without support any people live with the shame of sexual assault for their entire lives Child Sexual Abuse Training

7. Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) Child sexual abuse includes a wide range of sexual behaviors that take place between: a child and an older person(adult) or between two children. CSA occurs when full consent of involved parties is not possible due to differences in size, power, age, developmental level, or authority. Molestation Rape Penetration Oral Copulation Sodomy Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children Child Sexual Abuse Training

8. Child Sexual Abuse Photographing the child for sexual purposes Showing the child pornographic materials Sexualized talk with the child Exposing genital areas to the child for sexual gratification "Peeping" in on child while dressing, showering, using the restroom Masturbating in front of the child Making the child engage in: oral sex vaginal or anal intercourse prostitution sexual activities with animals   Child Sexual Abuse Training

9. Effects of Child Sexual Abuse

10. Promiscuity • Early pregnancy • Prostitution • Drug and alcohol abuse • Self-harm behaviors (cutting, burning) • Eating disorders • Abstinence of sex • Interpersonal difficulties (trouble at work or home…) • Running Away • Low self-esteem • Depression • Anxiety • Isolation • Regressive behaviors • Dissociation • Nightmares • Flashbacks • Difficulty concentrating • Feeling unsafe Effects of Child Sexual Abuse

11. KEY TERMS AND EFFECTS Stress : non-specific response of the body to any demand that overwhelms resources – positive and negative stressors – getting married, changing jobs, sex etc… Stress produces the activation of the sympathetic nervous system Trauma : threat to one’s life or bodily integrity, hyper-arousal of the ANS, not all traumatic events lead to trauma. Traumatic stress : a normal reaction of the mind and body to an overwhelming event that threatens life and/or limb: your own, someone close to you, or that you witness. Someone with traumatic stress may be reacting to recent events, or event from childhood Post-traumatic Stress: traumatic stress that has not been processed by the body

12. During a traumatic event, the brain tells the nervous system to prepare the body for a defensive action, such as FIGHT or FLIGHT if those actions are not possible, the brain tells the nervous system to FREEZE These changes are normal responses to an abnormal event. After the event is over, the nervous system will usually return these body systems to a normal level of functioning within a few hours, days or weeks. Fight, Flight, Freeze

13. Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE Study) What’s an Ace Study? Collaboration between Kaiser San Diego and Center for Disease Control (CDC) 17,000 participants Child Sexual Abuse Training

14. Depression: Most say depression is a disease. Many say depression is genetic. Some say it is due to a chemical imbalance. What if depression were not a disease, but a normal response toabnormal life experiences?

15. Major Findings: 2 out of 3 had at least one ACE11% had five or more ACEs People with 4 Ace’s or more were 7 times more likely to be alcoholics, 10 times more likely to have used street drugs, 12 times more likely to attempt suicide, 6 times more likely to be raped4 times more likely to suffer from chronic depression have health problems (heart disease, obesity),

16. Statistics Survivors of childhood sexual abuse make up a large proportion of certain at-risk populations • 59% of females in prison • 95% of teenage prostitutes • 60% of teen mothers • 43% of adolescent runaways • 53% reported substance abusers • 60-80% of individuals in substance abuse facilities

17. Supporting a Survivor

18. RISKS OF TRAUMA THERAPY Risk of trauma becoming overwhelming Overwhelm : when more memories are elicited into consciousness – images, facts and/or bodily sensations, than can be integrated at one time. Risk of therapy becoming associated with the trauma, and the therapist with the perpetrator SAFETY – must first establish safety in therapy and the client’s life before the trauma can be dealt with Child Sexual Abuse Training

19. Safety • Recognizing and naming the symptoms • Developing support and coping strategies • Have a concrete safety plan • Develop trusting relationships • Mobilizing social network • Control of body: getting enough sleep, exercise, food, regulation of symptoms and understanding self-harm behavior • Safety of environment: safe place to live, plan to protect, transportation, financial resources Child Sexual Abuse Training

20. Evaluation and Assessment Trauma I – client who has a single instance of trauma, stable background and previously had safe coping mechanisms Trauma II – client who experienced multiple traumas II A – client has come from a stable background, can distinguish the multiple traumas from one another II B – client is unable to distinguish the traumas from one another (“Complex PTSD” – J. Herman) II B-R – someone who previously had safe coping mechanisms, but has become overwhelmed by so many traumas (i.e.: holocaust survivors ) II B- nR – someone who has never had safe coping skills. Child Sexual Abuse Training

21. Resources in Trauma Therapy • Slowing down / applying the brakes • Resource building • Body awareness • Dual awareness • Muscle training • Boundaries Child Sexual Abuse Training

22. How to recognize overwhelm • Eyes become glazed over • Unable to look at you • Pale face • Short, quick breathing • Dilated pupils Child Sexual Abuse Training

23. HEALING IS POSSIBLE….WITH HELP

24. Healing is Listening to my intuition, my “inner knowing” and acting accordingly. Not second guessing myself. Having energy to take care of my home and life stuff. When I can help others and still have time and energy for my needs. Looking at the past with compassion and gentleness. Not having flashbacks or memories. Not having flashbacks or memories (control my life). When memories are there but not in charge.

25. Healing is Acknowledging the past, accepting the future and living in the moment. Embracing fun and pleasure without guilt or fear. Not isolating from people. Connecting to people. Living in the present. Building trust in myself Finding support, and learning how not to be so alone. An uncharted journey.

26. 10 foundations • Safety • Develop a good relationship • Slow down • Identify and build on current resources • Regard defenses as resources • Trauma is a pressure cooker • Adapt the therapy to the client • Have a broad theory of knowledge • Recognize your client is an individual • Be prepared just to talk Child Sexual Abuse Training

27. It is possible to move away from a vast, unbearable pain by delving into it deeper and deeper […]. You can look at all the parts of a terrible thing until you can see that they are assemblies of smaller parts, all of which you can name and some of which you can heal or alter, and finally the terror that seemed unbearable becomes manageable. Barbara Kingsolver

28. RESOURCES Child Protective Services 454-4222 Monterey Rape Crisis Center 663-5900 Parent Center 426-7322 / 724-2879 Family Services 423-9444 National Child Abuse Hotline 1-800-422-4453 Survivors Healing Center 423-7601 Survivors of Incest Anonymous 477-4165 Youth Services 435-0771/ 728-2226 Victim Services 454-2010/ 763-8166 Women’s Crisis Support Crisis Line 685-3737 Child Sexual Abuse Training

29. Good books to read on this topic: Ellen Bass and Laura Davis: The Courage to HealStaci Haynes: The Survivors Guide to SexJudith Herman: Trauma and RecoveryBabette Rotschild: The Body RemembersPeter Levine: Waking the TigerKaren Adams and Jennifer Fay: No more secrets: Protecting your child from child sexual assaultEliana Gil: Helping Abused and Trumatized ChildrenEliana Gil: Someone in my Family has Molested ChildrenKaren Johnson: The Troublke With Secrets

30. IN CLOSING… Closing Statements-Is there any Information you want to share with the group regarding this training? Any comments in general? Any Questions? Evaluations. Thank you! Child Sexual Abuse Training

31. A WELCOMING PLACE FOR SURVIVORS OF CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE AND THEIR SUPPORTERS 104 Walnut Avenue Suite 201 Santa Cruz, CA 95060 Phone: (831) 423-7601 Email: programsfsa@gmail.com Child Sexual Abuse Training