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ABSOLUTISM: SPAIN

ABSOLUTISM: SPAIN. HWH UNIT 2 CHAPTER 4.1. What is absolutism?. Centralization of power Creation of a bureaucracy Control of nobility Control of clergy Control over assemblies (Estates-General, Parliament, etc.) Control of economy (mercantilism) Creation of a standing army

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ABSOLUTISM: SPAIN

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  1. ABSOLUTISM: SPAIN HWH UNIT 2 CHAPTER 4.1

  2. What is absolutism? • Centralization of power • Creation of a bureaucracy • Control of nobility • Control of clergy • Control over assemblies (Estates-General, Parliament, etc.) • Control of economy (mercantilism) • Creation of a standing army • End of feudalism

  3. The Hapsburg dynasty

  4. Ferdinand of Aragon (r. 1479-1516) and Isabella of Castille (r. 1474-1504) (m. 1469)

  5. Charles v (r. 1519-1556) • Grandson of Ferdinand and Isabella • Inherited Spain, all of Spain’s New World land, and the Holy Roman Empire • Major events: • New World conquest • Protestant Reformation • War with the Ottoman Empire

  6. Charles splits his empire

  7. Ferdinand I (r. 1556-1564) • Charles V’s brother • Took over as Holy Roman Emperor, but NOT king of Spain

  8. PHILIP II (r. 1556-1598) • Inherited Spain, parts of Italy, the Spanish Netherlands, and Spain’s New World lands • Solidified rule as an absolute monarch • Obsessed with fighting Protestantism

  9. Philip’s catholic campaigns • The Battle of Lepanto, 1571 • Defeated Ottoman fleet • Dutch Revolt, 1560s-1600s • Dutch Calvinists • The Spanish Armada, 1588 • Failed invasion of England • Elizabeth was Protestant • Elizabeth had supported the Dutch against Philip

  10. The siglo de oro(1550-1650) • Spain’s Golden Age • Height of political power • Art and literature • El Greco • Velazquez • Cervantes • Reasons for decline • Weak rulers after Philip II • Economic problems • Inflation, debt • Over-extension View of Toledo by El Greco (1596) Metropolitan Museum of Art, NYC

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