-

1. ??? ???? ?? ???????

2. ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?????-??????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ???

3. Group Therapy Therapeutic factors in group therapy 1). Sharing new information 2). Instilling hope 3). Universality 4). Altruism 5). Interpersonal learning 6). Recapitulation of the primary family 7). Group cohesiveness

4. The practice of group therapy Consist of 6-12 members Homogeneous vs. Heterogeneous group Open vs. Close Group Group meeting are usually lasting 2 hours Marathon Group

5. Marital & Family Therapy Focused on disturbed relationships Emphasize communication patterns within close relationships Couples Therapy (Marital Therapy) Relationship difficulties Conjoint therapy vs. Separation counseling Theoretical orientation Emphasize problem solving : communication

6. Family Therapy Aimed at changing patterns of family interactions so as to correct family disturbances System Theory : emphasize three principles 1). Circular causality 2). Ecology 3). Subjectivity Identified client

7. A wide variety of techniques : 1). Behavioral point of view 2). Strategic, or Structural Family Therapy 3). Intergenerational Family Therapy Bowenian 4). Narrative, or Constructionist Approach Diagnosis in Marital & Family Therapy Handbook of Relational Diagnosis and Dysfunctional Family Patterns(Koslow, 1996)

8. Psychosocial rehabilitation & Prevention Ecological perspective means developing interventions designed to maximize the “fit” between individuals and specific environments that are likely to promote their adjustment

9. Psychosocial rehabilitation Deinstitutionalization ???? help patients normalize their lives, compensate for their impairment, & achieve the highest possible quality of life in the community Goal : Empowerment Four components of these programs 1). Understand their disorder 2). Learn community living skills 3). Case management 4). Coalition among professional, family, & patients

10. Preventive Interventions Public Health : Gerald Caplan(1964) 1). Tertiary Prevention 2). Secondary Prevention 3). Primary Prevention Goal : reduce the incidence of mental problems Risk & Protective Factors Prevention Science Prevention-Centered Research

11. Five basic methods of primary prevention programs 1). Encouraging secure attachment and reducing family violence 2). Teaching cognitive and social skills 3). Changing environments 4). Enhancing stress-coping skills 5). Promoting empowerment

12. Community Psychology????????? ??????? ??? ????????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?? : 1-??? ?????? ?????? ???? ? ??????? ??? 2-??????? ?? ???????? ?????? ??? 2- ????? ??????? ??????? ??? Ecological perspective Environmental settings & individual competencies

13. Principles & methods of community psychology Social-system change Promoting a “Psychological Sense of Community” Paraprofessionals Use of Activism Use of research as a form of intervention

14. Self-help ??????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? Self-help movement Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) Group

15. ??? ??? ???? 1- ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? 2-???? ??? ????? ????? ??? 3-???? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? 4). Significant-other Organizations 5). Physical Handicap Organizations

16. Clinical Child Psychology Characteristics unique to clinical child psychology Referral processes Developmental considerations Infant temperament Early attachment Parent-child interaction Childhood stressor

17. Clinical Assessment of Children Behavioral Rating Scales Clinical Interviews 1). Parents, 2). Children Intelligence and Achievement Tests Projective Tests Behavioral Observations Family and Peer Interaction Measures 1). Peer Relations, 2). Family Interactions

18. Classification of childhood disorders 1). Clinical Derived Systems DSM-? Categorical approach 2). Empirically Derived Systems Factor analysis Dimensional approach Externalizing vs. Internalizing problems

19. Specific Childhood Disorders Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Childhood Depression Learning Disabilities Childhood Autism Treatment of Childhood Disorders Psychodynamic Therapy Behavioral Therapy Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Psychopharmacological Interventions

20. Health Psychology Taylor(1995) Health Psychology Studying “psychological influences on how people stay healthy, why they become ill, and how they respond when they do get ill” Behavioral Medicine Biopsychosocial Model Psychosomatic or Psychophysiological disorders

21. Stress, Coping, & Health Stress and the Nervous System Hans Selye (1956) General Adaptation Syndrome(GAS) Stress and Immune System Immunosuppression Measuring Stressors Life Change Unit

22. Coping Strategies Refer to people’s cognitive, emotional, and behavioral efforts at modifying, tolerating, or eliminating stressors that threaten them Problem-focused & Emotion-focused Coping Positive Psychology Social Support Buffer effect vs. direct effect Underlying characteristic(e.g.social competence)

23. Risk Factors for Illness Health-risky patterns of behaviors Psychological risk factors Risk factors for Cardiovascular Disease Stressor Type A Behavior Pattern (Hostility) Risk factors for HIV/AIDS Risky sexual activity

24. Illness Prevention & Treatment Programs Cardiovascular Disease Pain Cancer HIV/AIDS

25. Improving Compliance with Medical Treatment Regimens Causes of Noncompliance Interventions to Improve Compliance 1). Education 2). Modification of treatment plans 3). Behavior modification

26. Clinical Neuropsychology The field of study that endeavors to define the relationship between brain processes, human behavior and psychological functioning Historical Development of Neuropsychology Localization of Function vs. Equipotentiality Development of Neuropsychology Assessment Techniques Split-Brain Research Normative Studies

27. Basic Principles of Neuropsychology Localization of fuction Lateralization of function Neuropsychological Assessment Techniques Batteries The Halstead-Reitan Battery The Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery Individualized Approaches Neurodiagnostic Procedures