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Leptocybe invasa infestations on Eucalyptus

Leptocybe invasa infestations on Eucalyptus. Philip Nyeko Associate Professor Faculty of Forestry and Nature Conservation, Makerere University. Focus. Provide information on Leptocybe invasa: Biology Origin and distribution Population dynamics Infestation Control options evaluated.

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Leptocybe invasa infestations on Eucalyptus

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  1. Leptocybe invasa infestations on Eucalyptus Philip Nyeko Associate Professor Faculty of Forestry and Nature Conservation, Makerere University

  2. Focus Provide information on Leptocybe invasa: • Biology • Origin and distribution • Population dynamics • Infestation • Control options evaluated

  3. Leptocybe invasa (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)

  4. Worldwide distribution of L. invasa based -2008

  5. L. invasa distribution in Uganda- 2007

  6. Population dynamics Number of adult L. invasa per 20 cm branch length on E. grandis in Tororo district, Uganda

  7. Leptocybe invasa infestation

  8. 100 Galling frequency (%) by Leptocybe invasa as related to foliage age 80 60 40 20 0

  9. Mode of L. invasa infestationGall development 1-2 weeks 3 weeks 6-7 weeks Three days after oviposition

  10. Emerging L. invasa adults

  11. Extensive L. invasa infestation in nursery

  12. L. invasa infestations on field Eucalyptus

  13. Severe galling caused by L. invasa

  14. Shedding of E.camaldulensis new leaf growth due to egg overloadingby L. invasa

  15. Incidence of L. invasa on Eucalyptus clonesat Kifu nursery- 2008

  16. Infestation on field–planted Eucalyptus in Tororo, Uganda

  17. L. invasa severity at Kifu nursery

  18. Control options attempted Systemic insecticides • Acephate 98% (Acephate) • Imidacloprid (Confidor 350 sc) • Thiamethoxam 240g/l (Actara) • Acetamiprid 200g/l (Mospilan 20 s.l.) • Aldicarb 15% (Temik)

  19. Screening the efficacy of systemic insecticides in preventing gall induction by L. invasa in potted plants % galled branches Non-treated Actara Mospilan Confidor 100 80 60 40 20 0 8 40 8 40 8 40 8 40 70 105 70 105 70 105 70 105 Time of exposure (Days after treatment) 0.2cc per plant

  20. Screening the efficacy of systemic insecticides in preventing gall induction by L. invasa in potted plants % galled branches Non-treated Actara Mospilan Confidor 100 80 60 40 20 0 135 135 70 105 70 105 70 105 70 105 135 135 Time of exposure (Days after treatment) 1cc per plant

  21. Galling index 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 Actara 2 cc Untreated Actara 1 cc Actara 3cc Confidor 1 cc Confidor 2-3 cc Effect of systemic insecticides on galling index of 1-yr old trees newly established E. camaldulensis in stand (2004)Low dosages Application – April, 9 Damage and height estimation – June, 6 Tree height 140 120 100 cm 80 60 40 20 0 Actara 1 cc Actara 3cc Untreated Confidor 2 cc Confidor 4 cc

  22. Effect of systemic insecticides on galling index of 1-yr old trees newly established E. camaldulensis in stand (2004)High dosages Application – August, 11 Damage estimation – November, 10 2 year old trees 1 year old trees 3 2.5 Galling index 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 Untreated Aldicarb 10g Aldicarb 20g Confidor 5 cc Confidor 5cc Untreated Aldicarb 30g Aldicarb 10g

  23. Eulophidae Torymidae Quadrastichus mendeli Kim & La Salle Selitrichodes kryceri Kim & La Salle Biological control: Parasitic wasps of L. invasa Two Megastigmus spp. East Mediterranean Two Megastigmus spp. Queensland Australia

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