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Unit: Gas Laws

Day 3 – Notes. Unit: Gas Laws. Gay-Lussac’s and Combined Gas Laws. After today you will be able to…. Explain the effect on gas properties using Gay-Lussac’s Law and the Combined Gas Law Calculate an unknown pressure, temperature, or volume by solving algebraically.

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Unit: Gas Laws

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  1. Day 3 – Notes Unit: Gas Laws Gay-Lussac’s and Combined Gas Laws

  2. After today you will be able to… • Explain the effect on gas properties using Gay-Lussac’s Law and the Combined Gas Law • Calculate an unknown pressure, temperature, or volume by solving algebraically

  3. Gay-Lussac’s Law: Pressure and Temperature Joseph Gay-Lussac discovered the relationship between temperature and pressure. • His name is on the gas law that describes this relationship.

  4. “For a given volume of a gas, as the temperature of an enclosed gas increases, the pressure of a gas is directly proportional.”

  5. Gay-Lussac’s Law: Pressure and Temperature We can simplify this relationship by the formula: Where, P1, P2 = pressure in any unit (atm, kPa, or mmHg), BUT they must match! T1, T2 = temperature is always in Kelvin! (Recall, just add 273 + °C) P1P2 T1 T2 =

  6. Gay-Lussac’s Law: Example A gas has a pressure of 103kPa at 25°C. What will the pressure be when the temperature reaches 928°C? P1= T1= P2= T2= 103kPa P1P2 T1 T2 = 25°C +273= 298K ? • 928°C+273= 1201K • (P2) (103kPa) = (1201K) (298K) 420kPa • P2 =

  7. The Combined Gas Law RB + JC + JG-L = BFFs! The combined gas law is a single expression that combines Boyle’s, Charles’s, and Gay-Lussac’s Laws. • This gas law describes the relationship between temperature, pressure, and volume of a gas. • It allows you to do calculations where only the amount of gas is constant.

  8. The Combined Gas Law Helpful hint: You are able to get which law you need by covering the variable that is not mentioned in the problem! There is no need to memorize 4 individual laws, just memorize the Combined Gas Law and you can derive all of the others! If there is no mention of pressure in the problem, cover P up and you are left with the relationship between T and V. (aka Charles’s Law!) For example, if there is no mention of temperature in the problem, cover T up and you are left with the relationship between P and V. (aka Boyle’s Law!) If there is no mention of volume in the problem, cover V up and you are left with the relationship between T and P. (aka Gay-Lussac’s Law!) P1V1P2V2 T1T2 =

  9. The Combined Gas Law A gas occupies 3.78L at 529mmHg and 17.2°C. At what pressure would the volume of the gas be 4.54L if the temperature is increased to 34.8°C? P1= V1= T1= P2= V2= T2= P1V1P2V2 T1 T2 = 529mmHg 3.78L • 17.2°C + 273= 290.2K • (P2) (4.54L) (3.78L) (529mmHg) • ? = (307.8K) (290.2K) 4.54L 467mmHg • P2 = • 34.8°C + 273= 307.8K

  10. Questions?Complete WS 3

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