Fire Response Training For KTDA

1. Fire Response TrainingFor KTDA Vision Plaza, Mombasa Road, Suite 8A, 3rd Floor. Tel: 828163, Fax: 828165 P.O. Box 51573–00200 City Square, NAIROBI. Email: info@dataline.co.ke; Website: www.dataline.co.ke

2. Training Objectives • To create awareness about fire • Sensitization on fire prevention, protective measures and equipments • To impart knowledge on how to respond in case of a fire emergency • Demonstration and practical usage of fire fighting equipment

3. Some consequences of fire • Injury or death of employee • Loss of plant, product and/or information • Disruption to production and supply of goods • Management time lost • Investigation/enforcement by authorities • Prosecution/fines and increased premiums • Damage to the environment • Community concerns

4. Law/Legislation • Occupational Safety and Health Act, 2007 • Fire Risk Reduction Rules, 2007. L.N. No. 59 • Gazetted in May, 2007 • Apply in every workplace • Provision of fire escape exits, control of smoke, means of evacuation • Formation of Fire Fighting Teams • Functions of Fire Fighting Teams • Training in Fire Safety

5. Fire • What is Fire?

6. Fire….. • Chemistry of combustion • Fire is matter composed of three elements where heat and light are evolved • A heat source – the ignition source • Fuel – to feed it (combustible material eg wood plastics, paper etc) • Oxygen – to keep it burning

7. The Fire Triangle

8. MEANING AND DEFINITION OF ELEMENTS • Oxygen • This is the air in the atmosphere and only 16% out of 21 % is required to support Combustion. • Ignition temperature • This is the degree of heat capable of igniting a fuel. • Fuel • Fuel in fire terms is anything that would burn either in solid, liquid or in gaseous form.

9. Fuel Exists In Three States of Matter • Solid – Charcoal, coal, wood, paper, cloth, wax etc • Liquid – gasoline, kerosene, turpentine, paints etc • Gases - natural gas, propane, butane, hydrogen, acetylene, carbon monoxide, etc

10. FLASHPOINT • This is the lowest temperature at which a fuel would burn and give off vapour which mixes with oxygen to form an inflammable mixture. • Petrol - -400F • Paraffin - 1020F • Diesel - 1710F • Industrial kerosene - 70.020F

11. CLASSES OF FIRE • Class A - Ordinary materials • paper, wood etc. • Extinguisher in use – water type • Class B - Liquid fire • Use foam type or use (D.C.P) but there is danger of flashback. • Class C - Gaseous fire • Use CO2 extinguishers

12. CLASSES OF FIRE ….. • Class D - Special Metals • i.e. Magnesium, uranium, titanium, etc. • Use special D.C.P ( MX & MLX) These special D.C.P are in crystal form or pebbles. Use protective clothes or gears. • Class E - involve fire with energized electrical equipment i.e. Boilers, Motors, Dynamos e.t.c. • Class F - Deep fryer Use wet Chemical with color code yellow

13. CAUSES OF FIRE • Static electricity • Flammable liquids and chemicals • Smoking • Welding and cutting • Arson • Mechanical sparks • Hot surfaces • Human Error

14. Other causes • Most of the fires are caused by people who fail to guard against the following hazards • Open flames • Electrical equipment • Spontaneous ignition • Friction • Portable heaters

15. Portable Fire Extinguishers • Water type - pressurized at 14 bars, 9 Lt., Colour code Red • Foam type – pressured at 14 bars, 9 Lt., Colour code Cream (foam + water) • D.C.P - pressurized at 14 bars, 9 kg, Colour code – Blue (powder properties) • Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Compressed gas; 9Kg; Black coded. • Trolley fire extinguishers, various sizes • Fire blankets - various sizes old and new, depending on technology.

16. METHODS OF FIRE EXTINGUISHMENT • Smothering or Blanketing • Removal of oxygen in burning fuel. Use foam or Aluminum blankets • Starvation Method • Use of D.C.P, isolated fuel or shut down gas and other supplies. • Cooling • Use the water type extinguishers to cool hot surfaces.

17. How to use fire extinguishers • Remove the extinguisher from wall bracket depending on class of fire. • Hold the extinguisher properly • Operate the extinguisher properly. • Stand at a safe distance to avoid radiated heat. • Fight fire upwind – check smoke and wind direction. • Direct jet of extinguisher at the base or at the seat of fire

18. If Situation Deteriorates.. • Sound the alarm for help and alert others • Seek help, and if no alarm, shout FIRE, FIRE. • EVACUATE the room or building. • Close doors and windows if you find time but do not lock them (Why?) • Inform the relevant authority

19. Electrical source fires • Isolate the current supply before attacking the fire. • Radios, TV sets • Do not switch them off. • Shut off the plug, pull from the socket. • Do not touch the sets

20. IN AN EMERGENCY • Evacuate the building in an orderly manner. • Do not use lifts • Do not stop to collect personal belongings • Assemble at designated area or point • Do not re-enter the building until authorized to do so.

21. PERMANENT INSTALLATIONS: HIGH-RISE BUILDING • Hydrants • Landing Valves • Dry and wet risers hydrants • Hose reels • Fire hose – break glass boxes • Drenchers • Pressure pumps – (Boosters) • Sprinkler systems

22. PERMANENT INSTALLATIONS: HIGH-RISE BUILDING contd. • Fire Detectors • Heat Detectors • Smoke Detectors • Alarm Detectors • Total flood DCP and Foam Systems (IT Rooms) • F Two thousand system

23. PERMANENT INSTALLATIONS: HIGH-RISE BUILDING contd. • Alarm panel – fire instructor • Break glass panel - fire instructor give example • How everyone can learn about fire • To make sure that safety is observed • How to train each employee • To safeguard my company

24. FIRE SAFETY VIDEO AND DEMONSTRATIONS ON FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENT USAGE