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MUTATIONS

MUTATIONS. MUTATIONS. MUTATIONS are changes in nucleotide sequence of DNA. What causes mutations?. MUTAGENS. Mutations are caused by MUTAGENS . MUTAGENS are physical or chemical treatments that change DNA. Examples include: UV light Radioactive chemicals Gamma Rays. MUTATIONS.

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MUTATIONS

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  1. MUTATIONS

  2. MUTATIONS MUTATIONS are changes in nucleotide sequence of DNA. What causes mutations?

  3. MUTAGENS • Mutations are caused by MUTAGENS. • MUTAGENS are physical or chemical treatments that change DNA. Examples include: • UV light • Radioactive chemicals • Gamma Rays

  4. MUTATIONS • Permanently alter the base sequences of DNA. • May have no effect, positive, or negative effect for organism. • Sometimes a mutation occurs but still codes for the same amino acid. • Mutations can occur at the gene level and the chromosomal level.

  5. GENE MUTATIONS • Point mutations: Change occurs at a single point in DNA sequence. • Substitutions: One base is substituted (switched) with another. • Usually only affects one codon, one corresponding amino acid https://islaslab.wikispaces.com/Mutation

  6. GENE MUTATIONS • Frame-shift mutation: The codon sequence is altered. May affect more than one codon. • Insertion: A base is inserted into the sequence without a replacement base. • Deletion: A base is deleted from the sequence without a replacement. http://web2.mendelu.cz/af_291_projekty2/vseo/stranka.php?kod=315 https://islaslab.wikispaces.com/Mutation

  7. PB pg. 374 Quick lab “Modeling mutations” Use the example provided in book on pg. 374 as a guide: • Start with the word gene and change it letter by letter to make new words. Make sure each new word is an actual word but not a proper noun. Write at least four (4) “point mutations” of the word gene. • Show how you could use words to model a frameshift mutation. (Hint: You can use a sentence.) • Use the words in this sentence to model a substitution mutation.

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