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Medieval World

Medieval World. 1000 -1500 China- Sung Dynasty. What’s going on in Europe-Byzantine in the East- 300 to 1400 AD Romanesque- 800 to 1100 AD. 1100’s.

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Medieval World

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  1. Medieval World 1000 -1500 China- Sung Dynasty

  2. What’s going on in Europe-Byzantine in the East- 300 to 1400 ADRomanesque- 800 to 1100 AD 1100’s Byzantine art flourished from about 300 A.D to the 1400s. It grew out of the early Christian world. It took its name from the capital city of the Roman Empire: Byzantium (later renamed Constantinople, then Istanbul when the Ottomans captured the city in 1453) 532-537 Romanesque art in Western Europe was popular from about 800 A.D. to the 1100s. The name Romanesque indicates a style like that of the ancient Romans. That description is not entirely accurate, however, since Roman art was only one of many sources that inspired this period. 1110-1180

  3. What’s going on in India 1000-1100’s Name: Kandariya Mahadeo TemplePlace: Khajuraho Time Period/Chronology: C.1000 A.D

  4. China (1000-1100) • China under SungDynasty extremely dynamic: • Technological brilliance- gunpowder in warfare, earliest known catapults, paper currency, navigational compasses, water- driven mechanical clock, spinning wheel • Philosophy- Neo-Confucianism • Developed printing with movable type, not seen in Europe for another 500 years • Sophisticated and rich empire • Pottery achieved new perfection- finest specimens ever made • Europe/Asia- start of the Crusades

  5. Sung Architecture- Iron Pagoda-not much sculptural details-elegance, simplicity and sophistication

  6. Chinese Art- Sung Period • Marvellous period of painting and ceramic making • Art Academy developed under the painter-Emperor Hui Tsung- • He fully demonstrated his pre-eminent talent for the three accomplishments of poetry, calligraphy and painting in this work • Paintings Types -Hanging Scroll (paper or silk)- rolled up. 7-9 feet when exhibited- usually VERTICAL -Hand Scroll- rolled HORIZONTAL- may be many feet in length (up tp 40 feet) - Album Leaf- small Emperor Hui-tsung: Wild Birds on Wild Prunus

  7. Romanesque Art-1100’s Gospel of Henry the Lion- 1185 COMPARE AND CONTRAST THE ART PRODUCED IN THE WEST WITH THE ART PRODUCED IN THE EAST

  8. Su Han-ch'en: Children Playing in the Autumn Garden (second half of the eleventh century to the first half of the twelfth century) Sung Dynasty Painting • Chinese paintings are more realistic, detailed, complex Li-Lung-Mien(1070-1106) –liked horses Figure compositions- realistic , strong use of LINES

  9. Ts'ui Po Magpies and Hare(fl. latter half of 11th c. 1068-1077), Sung Dynasty -painter of animals Hanging scroll, ink and colors on silk, 193.7 x 103.4 cm Illumination work of animals during the same time period in Europe

  10. Rise of Landscape Painting • Landscape Painting is virtually unknown in the West • Philosophy of nature- qualities of law and order were to be found in nature, believed to exist in the heavens and mankind • Confucius- “The wise man finds pleasure in water, the virtuous find pleasure in the mountains.” • Elements and Principles • The landscape dominates- it is the subject • Development of deep space- rolling mountain shapes • Rhythmical repetition • Increase of realism- details • Spectator is at an elevated (high) position as if seated on a high mountain Tung Yuan (10th century): Mansions in the Mountains of Paradise.

  11. Kuo Hsi (1020-1090) Early Spring Kuo Hsi placed importance on the expression of space incorporating the atmosphere as well as light and darkness, very idealized. Use of knarled trees and twisted rocks, dry barren landscape, mist

  12. Wen Tong Branch of Bamboo (1018 - 1079).

  13. Ma Yuan -angularity deliberately heightened the drama of a tranquil scene Scholar Viewing a WaterfallMa Yuan (Chinese, active ca. 1190–1225)Album leaf; ink and color on silk; 9 7/8 x 10 1/4 in. (24.9 x 26 cm)Ex coll.: C. C. Wang FamilyThe Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

  14. Ma Yuan lived from about 1190 to about 1224, and actually became known as “one-corner Ma.” He lived up to his name by restricting most of the paint to a small portion of his canvases, often in the corner. Asymetrical Composition- exaggerated Often followed- “less is more”

  15. Eadwine the Scribe from the Eadwine Psalter England ca. 1160-1170 1190-1225

  16. Ma Yuan (active 1190-1225). On a Mountain Path in Spring. In this painting, a scholar walks along a mountain path. His servant follows behind carrying his ch'in, a musical instrument similar to a zither. The scholar has paused to watch two orioles in the wind-blown willow tree. A poetic couplet to the right captures the scene and the mood: "Brushed by his sleeves, wild flowers dance in the wind; fleeing from him, the hidden birds cut short their songs." The combined effect of image and text is an attempt to capture the spirit of one brief moment in time.

  17. CHINA • Northern China fell to the Tatars-Chin dynasty • Sung remained in the south-and high achievement in art moved to the south- it became very urban with its capital Hangchow- strong merchants- exported Chinese culture Chang Tse-tuan’s scroll(Chang Tse-tuan) (1085-1145 AD), alias Zheng Dao, was a famous Chinese painter during the twelfth century, during the transitional period from the Northern Song to the Southern Song Dynasty. )(18TH CENTURY REMAKE)

  18. Chang Tse-tuan) (1085-1145 AD), alias Zheng Dao, was a famous Chinese painter during the twelfth century, during the transitional period from the Northern Song to the Southern Song Dynasty. ORIGINAL The Qingming Scroll by Zhang Zeduan, early 12th century

  19. China-1200-1300 • 13th century China was the most splendid and the most sophisticated civilization the world has ever known. Even through the Mongo conquests of the second half of the century • Kublai Khan 1279-emphasized the legitimate succession-called his Yuan-Chinese civilization protected under the Mongol lordship • Chinese medicines- a study of forensic medicine- 9 volumes • Great mathematicians • lessening of pottery (still large amounts produces); higher form of Painting • The instinct of the Mongols was to protect these heritages not destroy

  20. Mu-ch’I was a Zen Buddhist priest • Instant flashes of vision are rewards of Zen contemplation • He tried to capture his ecstasy in the few brush strokes that the length of his inspiration allowed him Six Persimmons (1270)by Mu Ch'i (1200-1274), Ryoko-in, Daitoku-ji, Kyoto

  21. Ma-Hsai School • Deliberate simplification • Great emphasis on the techniques of brushwork and on the subtle grading of inks and cut down on the number of strokes needed to depict their subject • These were paired down even further by Zen Buddhists

  22. Portrait of the Poet Li Po by Liang K’ai (13TH century) • Respected landscape painter that practised Zen Buddhism art

  23. China 1300-1400 • Plague devastates China-1/2 the size of that in the Sung dynasty • Chu Yuan-Chang emerges-end of Mongol dominance and creates Ming Dynasty-1368 • Ming dynasty achievements are in the 15 th and 16th centuries

  24. China 1300-1400 • Ming ware Blue and white China ware- intensive Chinese export • Time of turmoil and plague

  25. Limbourg Brothers (1412-16)

  26. Huang Gong Wang (1269 ~ 1354) He was the painter with the best spirit of creativity and most significant impact in the development of the Yuan dynasty;s landscape paintings. • A the Mongol conquest of the Song dynasty, many of the leading landscape painters were literati who did not serve in office, either because offices were not as widely available or they did not want to serve the conquerors.   • Scholars' landscapes, were designed for a restricted audience of like-minded individuals.  • It was not uncommon for scholars to use the allusive side of paintings to make political statements, especially statements of political protest.

  27. Scenes of scholars in caves, like scenes of scholars in boats, express the longing of scholars for escape from the unpleasant realities of social and political life.  Boats evoke numerous images from poetry; caves resonate especially with Daoist ideas of hidden realities.

  28. THE END

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