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Operational Amplifiers

Outline. Background Ideal Op AmpCharacteristicsFeedbackVirtual Short Circuit" Basic Op Amp CircuitsInverting Type (Derivation)Non-Inverting Type (Derivation)Integrating TypeDifferential TypeSumming Type Applications Summary. 2. The Amplifier. Q. Why do we want to amplify

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Operational Amplifiers

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    18. Kirchoffs Voltage Law Sum of voltages in a closed loop = 0 Kirchoffs Current Law Sum of currents into a node = sum of voltages out of a node Ohms Law Voltage = Current * Resistance This question is posed in the design and manufacture environment of the future, more specifically in the context of the year 2020. The following statement was presented by the orchestrators of ME 6102 to help us understand the context from which to answer the question for the semester. We imagine the future in which geographically distributed engineers collaboratively develop, build and test solutions to design-manufacture problems encountered in the product realization process. In this context, we want to provide a method to support the realization of industrial products for a global marketplace through distributed design and manufacture. This definition of the context of 2020 is not sufficient. We will expand upon how we feel the world of 2020 will grow. It is necessary to understand the deign environment in order to answer the question for the semester and create our own successful open engineering systems. In addition, we have created our own personal design/manufacture enterprise called FutureTech Design Manufacture Enterprises (DME). Trevor and I are both executive Co-Presidents of this futuristic company. Future Tech DME is set in the world of 2020, and operates under the economic, political, social, and technological condition we set in our vision of 2020. This creation helps us to put the question for the semester into context and help us to see how we would like our careers to develop. It is and excellent way of understand how to design systems in the business atmosphere, where both of our jobs will take us. This question is posed in the design and manufacture environment of the future, more specifically in the context of the year 2020. The following statement was presented by the orchestrators of ME 6102 to help us understand the context from which to answer the question for the semester. We imagine the future in which geographically distributed engineers collaboratively develop, build and test solutions to design-manufacture problems encountered in the product realization process. In this context, we want to provide a method to support the realization of industrial products for a global marketplace through distributed design and manufacture. This definition of the context of 2020 is not sufficient. We will expand upon how we feel the world of 2020 will grow. It is necessary to understand the deign environment in order to answer the question for the semester and create our own successful open engineering systems. In addition, we have created our own personal design/manufacture enterprise called FutureTech Design Manufacture Enterprises (DME). Trevor and I are both executive Co-Presidents of this futuristic company. Future Tech DME is set in the world of 2020, and operates under the economic, political, social, and technological condition we set in our vision of 2020. This creation helps us to put the question for the semester into context and help us to see how we would like our careers to develop. It is and excellent way of understand how to design systems in the business atmosphere, where both of our jobs will take us.

    19. Characterized by near-infinite input resistance and low output resistance Input with positive (+) sign is called the non-inverting input Input with negative sign (-) called inverting input We developed a personal definition of an open engineering system. The definition we created and propose to challenge is as follows: Open engineering systems are functional solutions for industrial products, services, and/or processes that are readily adaptable to changes imparted by their environment and consumers, which enable the system to maintain superior functionality within its existing technological base through continuous improvement for an unspecified period of time. An open engineering system must embody the following three characteristics, Robustness function properly despite environment changes or noise. Modularity facilitate the replacement/rearrangement of physical components. Mutability - ability to be contorted due to changes in requirements This definition differs slightly form the definition posed by the authors of Mass Customization in the Age of Information: The Case for Open Engineering Systems. The following table shows some of the differences form the original definition. We developed a personal definition of an open engineering system. The definition we created and propose to challenge is as follows: Open engineering systems are functional solutions for industrial products, services, and/or processes that are readily adaptable to changes imparted by their environment and consumers, which enable the system to maintain superior functionality within its existing technological base through continuous improvement for an unspecified period of time. An open engineering system must embody the following three characteristics, Robustness function properly despite environment changes or noise. Modularity facilitate the replacement/rearrangement of physical components. Mutability - ability to be contorted due to changes in requirements This definition differs slightly form the definition posed by the authors of Mass Customization in the Age of Information: The Case for Open Engineering Systems. The following table shows some of the differences form the original definition.

    20. One basic assumption is made: Current flowing into the input circuit is zero The open loop gain, is quite large We must predict what the future conditions will be like for designing and manufacturing products in the year 2020. To do this we first developed our societal, industrial and economic predictions for 2020 that would affect our design/manufacture environment. We then envisioned the technological advancements that would support the design/manufacture environment of the year 2020. Once all of these factors were combined, we then outlined the organization for Future Tech DME. World of 2020 . In the design/manufacture environment of 2020, customer demands will drive the industry to produce customized products quickly. The design methods & tools, and manufacturing methods and tools will have to support these requirements. The designer will have to design flexibility into the product in order to minimize the time between a customers order and the customer receiving the product. We predict the general flow from the customers order to delivery of the product will occur as follows. The customers order will arrive and it will be compared to a database of previous orders. If the order does not match a previous order, and no more past design work can be leveraged, then alterations are made to the product by the designers with interaction from manufacturing. The design is then sent to manufacturing, where adjustments are made to the manufacturing process to produce the altered product. Future Tech DME We invision a company that is organized to be flexible to customer demands and leverage all of the valuable resources to its disposal. This company would design and manufacture a product that is capable of being varied to meet the changing demands of customers. By teaming up with research centers, when our collaboration can benefit both of us, we can stay on top of developing technologies and methods. And, by establishing direct contact between designers and customers we can increase the ability of our company to produce a quality product. We must predict what the future conditions will be like for designing and manufacturing products in the year 2020. To do this we first developed our societal, industrial and economic predictions for 2020 that would affect our design/manufacture environment. We then envisioned the technological advancements that would support the design/manufacture environment of the year 2020. Once all of these factors were combined, we then outlined the organization for Future Tech DME. World of 2020 . In the design/manufacture environment of 2020, customer demands will drive the industry to produce customized products quickly. The design methods & tools, and manufacturing methods and tools will have to support these requirements. The designer will have to design flexibility into the product in order to minimize the time between a customers order and the customer receiving the product. We predict the general flow from the customers order to delivery of the product will occur as follows. The customers order will arrive and it will be compared to a database of previous orders. If the order does not match a previous order, and no more past design work can be leveraged, then alterations are made to the product by the designers with interaction from manufacturing. The design is then sent to manufacturing, where adjustments are made to the manufacturing process to produce the altered product. Future Tech DME We invision a company that is organized to be flexible to customer demands and leverage all of the valuable resources to its disposal. This company would design and manufacture a product that is capable of being varied to meet the changing demands of customers. By teaming up with research centers, when our collaboration can benefit both of us, we can stay on top of developing technologies and methods. And, by establishing direct contact between designers and customers we can increase the ability of our company to produce a quality product.

    21. Because of the large open-loop voltage gain, op amps can be used as nearly ideal voltage or current amplifiers

    22. Input signal is connected to the inverting terminal Non-inverting terminal is grounded Gain is chosen by selection of two resistors

    23. Kirchoffs current law requires that Where the source current

    24. Feedback current is And the input current is Future Chapters and Deliverables for Final Report This is how we plan to address the Q4S and the areas of the design process we wish to explore. CHAPTER 4 DESIGNING OPEN ENGINEERING SYSTEMS IN THE CONCEPTUAL DESIGN PHASE 4.1 Narrowing of Design Freedom in Conceptual Design 4.2 Maintaining the Maximum Design Freedom 4.3 Modular Design 4.4 Value abstracted and applied to Q4S CHAPTER 5 DESIGNING OPEN ENGINEERING SYSTEMS IN THE EMBODIMENT DESIGN PHASE 5.1 CAD and its Role in Conceptual Design 5.2 Reopening the Design Freedom 5.3 Product Families 5.4 Mass Customization 5.5 Robust Design 5.6 Value abstracted and applied to Q4S Future Chapters and Deliverables for Final Report This is how we plan to address the Q4S and the areas of the design process we wish to explore. CHAPTER 4 DESIGNING OPEN ENGINEERING SYSTEMS IN THE CONCEPTUAL DESIGN PHASE 4.1 Narrowing of Design Freedom in Conceptual Design 4.2 Maintaining the Maximum Design Freedom 4.3 Modular Design 4.4 Value abstracted and applied to Q4S CHAPTER 5 DESIGNING OPEN ENGINEERING SYSTEMS IN THE EMBODIMENT DESIGN PHASE 5.1 CAD and its Role in Conceptual Design 5.2 Reopening the Design Freedom 5.3 Product Families 5.4 Mass Customization 5.5 Robust Design 5.6 Value abstracted and applied to Q4S

    25. The open-loop model requires that or

    26. By setting the source current = feedback current, the following relationship between the source voltage and the output voltage is obtained

    27. If the open-loop gain is large, then the previous expression can be reduced to The above equation is the closed loop gain for an inverting amplifier.

    28. Non-inverting op amp avoids the negative gain Input signal is applied to the non-inverting terminal

    30. By applying Kirchoffs Current Law at the inverting node Where

    31. Because there is no voltage drop across the source resistance Substituting back into the previous equations yields

    32. The closed-loop gain for a non-inverting amplifier is

    34. Combination of the inverting and non-inverting amplifiers Frequently used where difference between signals needs to be amplified

    35. Based on the assumption that no current flows into the amplifier, the voltage at the non-inverting terminal is given by the following equation

    36. If the inverting-terminal voltage is assumed to be the same as the non-inverting terminal voltage, then currents i1 and i2 are as follows

    37. The closed loop gain for a differential amplifier is Very similar to the inverting amplifier, however it is non-inverting and it amplifies the difference between the two input signalsVery similar to the inverting amplifier, however it is non-inverting and it amplifies the difference between the two input signals

    39. Circuit contains energy-storage elements Time-varying circuits

    40. As in other amplifiers Where

    41. Therefore The above equation shows that the output voltage is the integral of the input voltage

    43. Summing is based on the inverting amplifier Adds signal sources Sources with internal impedances do not interact with each other

    44. From Kirchoffs Current Law at the inverting node: Each of the source currents is given by

    45. While the feedback current is Therefore, the output is given by

    46. The output consists of the weighted sum of input signal sources Weighting factor for each source is equal to the ratio of the feedback resistance to the source resistance

    47. This question is posed in the design and manufacture environment of the future, more specifically in the context of the year 2020. The following statement was presented by the orchestrators of ME 6102 to help us understand the context from which to answer the question for the semester. We imagine the future in which geographically distributed engineers collaboratively develop, build and test solutions to design-manufacture problems encountered in the product realization process. In this context, we want to provide a method to support the realization of industrial products for a global marketplace through distributed design and manufacture. This definition of the context of 2020 is not sufficient. We will expand upon how we feel the world of 2020 will grow. It is necessary to understand the deign environment in order to answer the question for the semester and create our own successful open engineering systems. In addition, we have created our own personal design/manufacture enterprise called FutureTech Design Manufacture Enterprises (DME). Trevor and I are both executive Co-Presidents of this futuristic company. Future Tech DME is set in the world of 2020, and operates under the economic, political, social, and technological condition we set in our vision of 2020. This creation helps us to put the question for the semester into context and help us to see how we would like our careers to develop. It is and excellent way of understand how to design systems in the business atmosphere, where both of our jobs will take us. This question is posed in the design and manufacture environment of the future, more specifically in the context of the year 2020. The following statement was presented by the orchestrators of ME 6102 to help us understand the context from which to answer the question for the semester. We imagine the future in which geographically distributed engineers collaboratively develop, build and test solutions to design-manufacture problems encountered in the product realization process. In this context, we want to provide a method to support the realization of industrial products for a global marketplace through distributed design and manufacture. This definition of the context of 2020 is not sufficient. We will expand upon how we feel the world of 2020 will grow. It is necessary to understand the deign environment in order to answer the question for the semester and create our own successful open engineering systems. In addition, we have created our own personal design/manufacture enterprise called FutureTech Design Manufacture Enterprises (DME). Trevor and I are both executive Co-Presidents of this futuristic company. Future Tech DME is set in the world of 2020, and operates under the economic, political, social, and technological condition we set in our vision of 2020. This creation helps us to put the question for the semester into context and help us to see how we would like our careers to develop. It is and excellent way of understand how to design systems in the business atmosphere, where both of our jobs will take us.

    48. This question is posed in the design and manufacture environment of the future, more specifically in the context of the year 2020. The following statement was presented by the orchestrators of ME 6102 to help us understand the context from which to answer the question for the semester. We imagine the future in which geographically distributed engineers collaboratively develop, build and test solutions to design-manufacture problems encountered in the product realization process. In this context, we want to provide a method to support the realization of industrial products for a global marketplace through distributed design and manufacture. This definition of the context of 2020 is not sufficient. We will expand upon how we feel the world of 2020 will grow. It is necessary to understand the deign environment in order to answer the question for the semester and create our own successful open engineering systems. In addition, we have created our own personal design/manufacture enterprise called FutureTech Design Manufacture Enterprises (DME). Trevor and I are both executive Co-Presidents of this futuristic company. Future Tech DME is set in the world of 2020, and operates under the economic, political, social, and technological condition we set in our vision of 2020. This creation helps us to put the question for the semester into context and help us to see how we would like our careers to develop. It is and excellent way of understand how to design systems in the business atmosphere, where both of our jobs will take us. This question is posed in the design and manufacture environment of the future, more specifically in the context of the year 2020. The following statement was presented by the orchestrators of ME 6102 to help us understand the context from which to answer the question for the semester. We imagine the future in which geographically distributed engineers collaboratively develop, build and test solutions to design-manufacture problems encountered in the product realization process. In this context, we want to provide a method to support the realization of industrial products for a global marketplace through distributed design and manufacture. This definition of the context of 2020 is not sufficient. We will expand upon how we feel the world of 2020 will grow. It is necessary to understand the deign environment in order to answer the question for the semester and create our own successful open engineering systems. In addition, we have created our own personal design/manufacture enterprise called FutureTech Design Manufacture Enterprises (DME). Trevor and I are both executive Co-Presidents of this futuristic company. Future Tech DME is set in the world of 2020, and operates under the economic, political, social, and technological condition we set in our vision of 2020. This creation helps us to put the question for the semester into context and help us to see how we would like our careers to develop. It is and excellent way of understand how to design systems in the business atmosphere, where both of our jobs will take us.

    49. This question is posed in the design and manufacture environment of the future, more specifically in the context of the year 2020. The following statement was presented by the orchestrators of ME 6102 to help us understand the context from which to answer the question for the semester. We imagine the future in which geographically distributed engineers collaboratively develop, build and test solutions to design-manufacture problems encountered in the product realization process. In this context, we want to provide a method to support the realization of industrial products for a global marketplace through distributed design and manufacture. This definition of the context of 2020 is not sufficient. We will expand upon how we feel the world of 2020 will grow. It is necessary to understand the deign environment in order to answer the question for the semester and create our own successful open engineering systems. In addition, we have created our own personal design/manufacture enterprise called FutureTech Design Manufacture Enterprises (DME). Trevor and I are both executive Co-Presidents of this futuristic company. Future Tech DME is set in the world of 2020, and operates under the economic, political, social, and technological condition we set in our vision of 2020. This creation helps us to put the question for the semester into context and help us to see how we would like our careers to develop. It is and excellent way of understand how to design systems in the business atmosphere, where both of our jobs will take us. This question is posed in the design and manufacture environment of the future, more specifically in the context of the year 2020. The following statement was presented by the orchestrators of ME 6102 to help us understand the context from which to answer the question for the semester. We imagine the future in which geographically distributed engineers collaboratively develop, build and test solutions to design-manufacture problems encountered in the product realization process. In this context, we want to provide a method to support the realization of industrial products for a global marketplace through distributed design and manufacture. This definition of the context of 2020 is not sufficient. We will expand upon how we feel the world of 2020 will grow. It is necessary to understand the deign environment in order to answer the question for the semester and create our own successful open engineering systems. In addition, we have created our own personal design/manufacture enterprise called FutureTech Design Manufacture Enterprises (DME). Trevor and I are both executive Co-Presidents of this futuristic company. Future Tech DME is set in the world of 2020, and operates under the economic, political, social, and technological condition we set in our vision of 2020. This creation helps us to put the question for the semester into context and help us to see how we would like our careers to develop. It is and excellent way of understand how to design systems in the business atmosphere, where both of our jobs will take us.

    50. This question is posed in the design and manufacture environment of the future, more specifically in the context of the year 2020. The following statement was presented by the orchestrators of ME 6102 to help us understand the context from which to answer the question for the semester. We imagine the future in which geographically distributed engineers collaboratively develop, build and test solutions to design-manufacture problems encountered in the product realization process. In this context, we want to provide a method to support the realization of industrial products for a global marketplace through distributed design and manufacture. This definition of the context of 2020 is not sufficient. We will expand upon how we feel the world of 2020 will grow. It is necessary to understand the deign environment in order to answer the question for the semester and create our own successful open engineering systems. In addition, we have created our own personal design/manufacture enterprise called FutureTech Design Manufacture Enterprises (DME). Trevor and I are both executive Co-Presidents of this futuristic company. Future Tech DME is set in the world of 2020, and operates under the economic, political, social, and technological condition we set in our vision of 2020. This creation helps us to put the question for the semester into context and help us to see how we would like our careers to develop. It is and excellent way of understand how to design systems in the business atmosphere, where both of our jobs will take us. This question is posed in the design and manufacture environment of the future, more specifically in the context of the year 2020. The following statement was presented by the orchestrators of ME 6102 to help us understand the context from which to answer the question for the semester. We imagine the future in which geographically distributed engineers collaboratively develop, build and test solutions to design-manufacture problems encountered in the product realization process. In this context, we want to provide a method to support the realization of industrial products for a global marketplace through distributed design and manufacture. This definition of the context of 2020 is not sufficient. We will expand upon how we feel the world of 2020 will grow. It is necessary to understand the deign environment in order to answer the question for the semester and create our own successful open engineering systems. In addition, we have created our own personal design/manufacture enterprise called FutureTech Design Manufacture Enterprises (DME). Trevor and I are both executive Co-Presidents of this futuristic company. Future Tech DME is set in the world of 2020, and operates under the economic, political, social, and technological condition we set in our vision of 2020. This creation helps us to put the question for the semester into context and help us to see how we would like our careers to develop. It is and excellent way of understand how to design systems in the business atmosphere, where both of our jobs will take us.

    51. This question is posed in the design and manufacture environment of the future, more specifically in the context of the year 2020. The following statement was presented by the orchestrators of ME 6102 to help us understand the context from which to answer the question for the semester. We imagine the future in which geographically distributed engineers collaboratively develop, build and test solutions to design-manufacture problems encountered in the product realization process. In this context, we want to provide a method to support the realization of industrial products for a global marketplace through distributed design and manufacture. This definition of the context of 2020 is not sufficient. We will expand upon how we feel the world of 2020 will grow. It is necessary to understand the deign environment in order to answer the question for the semester and create our own successful open engineering systems. In addition, we have created our own personal design/manufacture enterprise called FutureTech Design Manufacture Enterprises (DME). Trevor and I are both executive Co-Presidents of this futuristic company. Future Tech DME is set in the world of 2020, and operates under the economic, political, social, and technological condition we set in our vision of 2020. This creation helps us to put the question for the semester into context and help us to see how we would like our careers to develop. It is and excellent way of understand how to design systems in the business atmosphere, where both of our jobs will take us. This question is posed in the design and manufacture environment of the future, more specifically in the context of the year 2020. The following statement was presented by the orchestrators of ME 6102 to help us understand the context from which to answer the question for the semester. We imagine the future in which geographically distributed engineers collaboratively develop, build and test solutions to design-manufacture problems encountered in the product realization process. In this context, we want to provide a method to support the realization of industrial products for a global marketplace through distributed design and manufacture. This definition of the context of 2020 is not sufficient. We will expand upon how we feel the world of 2020 will grow. It is necessary to understand the deign environment in order to answer the question for the semester and create our own successful open engineering systems. In addition, we have created our own personal design/manufacture enterprise called FutureTech Design Manufacture Enterprises (DME). Trevor and I are both executive Co-Presidents of this futuristic company. Future Tech DME is set in the world of 2020, and operates under the economic, political, social, and technological condition we set in our vision of 2020. This creation helps us to put the question for the semester into context and help us to see how we would like our careers to develop. It is and excellent way of understand how to design systems in the business atmosphere, where both of our jobs will take us.

    52. This question is posed in the design and manufacture environment of the future, more specifically in the context of the year 2020. The following statement was presented by the orchestrators of ME 6102 to help us understand the context from which to answer the question for the semester. We imagine the future in which geographically distributed engineers collaboratively develop, build and test solutions to design-manufacture problems encountered in the product realization process. In this context, we want to provide a method to support the realization of industrial products for a global marketplace through distributed design and manufacture. This definition of the context of 2020 is not sufficient. We will expand upon how we feel the world of 2020 will grow. It is necessary to understand the deign environment in order to answer the question for the semester and create our own successful open engineering systems. In addition, we have created our own personal design/manufacture enterprise called FutureTech Design Manufacture Enterprises (DME). Trevor and I are both executive Co-Presidents of this futuristic company. Future Tech DME is set in the world of 2020, and operates under the economic, political, social, and technological condition we set in our vision of 2020. This creation helps us to put the question for the semester into context and help us to see how we would like our careers to develop. It is and excellent way of understand how to design systems in the business atmosphere, where both of our jobs will take us. This question is posed in the design and manufacture environment of the future, more specifically in the context of the year 2020. The following statement was presented by the orchestrators of ME 6102 to help us understand the context from which to answer the question for the semester. We imagine the future in which geographically distributed engineers collaboratively develop, build and test solutions to design-manufacture problems encountered in the product realization process. In this context, we want to provide a method to support the realization of industrial products for a global marketplace through distributed design and manufacture. This definition of the context of 2020 is not sufficient. We will expand upon how we feel the world of 2020 will grow. It is necessary to understand the deign environment in order to answer the question for the semester and create our own successful open engineering systems. In addition, we have created our own personal design/manufacture enterprise called FutureTech Design Manufacture Enterprises (DME). Trevor and I are both executive Co-Presidents of this futuristic company. Future Tech DME is set in the world of 2020, and operates under the economic, political, social, and technological condition we set in our vision of 2020. This creation helps us to put the question for the semester into context and help us to see how we would like our careers to develop. It is and excellent way of understand how to design systems in the business atmosphere, where both of our jobs will take us.

    53. This question is posed in the design and manufacture environment of the future, more specifically in the context of the year 2020. The following statement was presented by the orchestrators of ME 6102 to help us understand the context from which to answer the question for the semester. We imagine the future in which geographically distributed engineers collaboratively develop, build and test solutions to design-manufacture problems encountered in the product realization process. In this context, we want to provide a method to support the realization of industrial products for a global marketplace through distributed design and manufacture. This definition of the context of 2020 is not sufficient. We will expand upon how we feel the world of 2020 will grow. It is necessary to understand the deign environment in order to answer the question for the semester and create our own successful open engineering systems. In addition, we have created our own personal design/manufacture enterprise called FutureTech Design Manufacture Enterprises (DME). Trevor and I are both executive Co-Presidents of this futuristic company. Future Tech DME is set in the world of 2020, and operates under the economic, political, social, and technological condition we set in our vision of 2020. This creation helps us to put the question for the semester into context and help us to see how we would like our careers to develop. It is and excellent way of understand how to design systems in the business atmosphere, where both of our jobs will take us. This question is posed in the design and manufacture environment of the future, more specifically in the context of the year 2020. The following statement was presented by the orchestrators of ME 6102 to help us understand the context from which to answer the question for the semester. We imagine the future in which geographically distributed engineers collaboratively develop, build and test solutions to design-manufacture problems encountered in the product realization process. In this context, we want to provide a method to support the realization of industrial products for a global marketplace through distributed design and manufacture. This definition of the context of 2020 is not sufficient. We will expand upon how we feel the world of 2020 will grow. It is necessary to understand the deign environment in order to answer the question for the semester and create our own successful open engineering systems. In addition, we have created our own personal design/manufacture enterprise called FutureTech Design Manufacture Enterprises (DME). Trevor and I are both executive Co-Presidents of this futuristic company. Future Tech DME is set in the world of 2020, and operates under the economic, political, social, and technological condition we set in our vision of 2020. This creation helps us to put the question for the semester into context and help us to see how we would like our careers to develop. It is and excellent way of understand how to design systems in the business atmosphere, where both of our jobs will take us.

    54. This question is posed in the design and manufacture environment of the future, more specifically in the context of the year 2020. The following statement was presented by the orchestrators of ME 6102 to help us understand the context from which to answer the question for the semester. We imagine the future in which geographically distributed engineers collaboratively develop, build and test solutions to design-manufacture problems encountered in the product realization process. In this context, we want to provide a method to support the realization of industrial products for a global marketplace through distributed design and manufacture. This definition of the context of 2020 is not sufficient. We will expand upon how we feel the world of 2020 will grow. It is necessary to understand the deign environment in order to answer the question for the semester and create our own successful open engineering systems. In addition, we have created our own personal design/manufacture enterprise called FutureTech Design Manufacture Enterprises (DME). Trevor and I are both executive Co-Presidents of this futuristic company. Future Tech DME is set in the world of 2020, and operates under the economic, political, social, and technological condition we set in our vision of 2020. This creation helps us to put the question for the semester into context and help us to see how we would like our careers to develop. It is and excellent way of understand how to design systems in the business atmosphere, where both of our jobs will take us. This question is posed in the design and manufacture environment of the future, more specifically in the context of the year 2020. The following statement was presented by the orchestrators of ME 6102 to help us understand the context from which to answer the question for the semester. We imagine the future in which geographically distributed engineers collaboratively develop, build and test solutions to design-manufacture problems encountered in the product realization process. In this context, we want to provide a method to support the realization of industrial products for a global marketplace through distributed design and manufacture. This definition of the context of 2020 is not sufficient. We will expand upon how we feel the world of 2020 will grow. It is necessary to understand the deign environment in order to answer the question for the semester and create our own successful open engineering systems. In addition, we have created our own personal design/manufacture enterprise called FutureTech Design Manufacture Enterprises (DME). Trevor and I are both executive Co-Presidents of this futuristic company. Future Tech DME is set in the world of 2020, and operates under the economic, political, social, and technological condition we set in our vision of 2020. This creation helps us to put the question for the semester into context and help us to see how we would like our careers to develop. It is and excellent way of understand how to design systems in the business atmosphere, where both of our jobs will take us.

    55. This question is posed in the design and manufacture environment of the future, more specifically in the context of the year 2020. The following statement was presented by the orchestrators of ME 6102 to help us understand the context from which to answer the question for the semester. We imagine the future in which geographically distributed engineers collaboratively develop, build and test solutions to design-manufacture problems encountered in the product realization process. In this context, we want to provide a method to support the realization of industrial products for a global marketplace through distributed design and manufacture. This definition of the context of 2020 is not sufficient. We will expand upon how we feel the world of 2020 will grow. It is necessary to understand the deign environment in order to answer the question for the semester and create our own successful open engineering systems. In addition, we have created our own personal design/manufacture enterprise called FutureTech Design Manufacture Enterprises (DME). Trevor and I are both executive Co-Presidents of this futuristic company. Future Tech DME is set in the world of 2020, and operates under the economic, political, social, and technological condition we set in our vision of 2020. This creation helps us to put the question for the semester into context and help us to see how we would like our careers to develop. It is and excellent way of understand how to design systems in the business atmosphere, where both of our jobs will take us. This question is posed in the design and manufacture environment of the future, more specifically in the context of the year 2020. The following statement was presented by the orchestrators of ME 6102 to help us understand the context from which to answer the question for the semester. We imagine the future in which geographically distributed engineers collaboratively develop, build and test solutions to design-manufacture problems encountered in the product realization process. In this context, we want to provide a method to support the realization of industrial products for a global marketplace through distributed design and manufacture. This definition of the context of 2020 is not sufficient. We will expand upon how we feel the world of 2020 will grow. It is necessary to understand the deign environment in order to answer the question for the semester and create our own successful open engineering systems. In addition, we have created our own personal design/manufacture enterprise called FutureTech Design Manufacture Enterprises (DME). Trevor and I are both executive Co-Presidents of this futuristic company. Future Tech DME is set in the world of 2020, and operates under the economic, political, social, and technological condition we set in our vision of 2020. This creation helps us to put the question for the semester into context and help us to see how we would like our careers to develop. It is and excellent way of understand how to design systems in the business atmosphere, where both of our jobs will take us.

    56. This question is posed in the design and manufacture environment of the future, more specifically in the context of the year 2020. The following statement was presented by the orchestrators of ME 6102 to help us understand the context from which to answer the question for the semester. We imagine the future in which geographically distributed engineers collaboratively develop, build and test solutions to design-manufacture problems encountered in the product realization process. In this context, we want to provide a method to support the realization of industrial products for a global marketplace through distributed design and manufacture. This definition of the context of 2020 is not sufficient. We will expand upon how we feel the world of 2020 will grow. It is necessary to understand the deign environment in order to answer the question for the semester and create our own successful open engineering systems. In addition, we have created our own personal design/manufacture enterprise called FutureTech Design Manufacture Enterprises (DME). Trevor and I are both executive Co-Presidents of this futuristic company. Future Tech DME is set in the world of 2020, and operates under the economic, political, social, and technological condition we set in our vision of 2020. This creation helps us to put the question for the semester into context and help us to see how we would like our careers to develop. It is and excellent way of understand how to design systems in the business atmosphere, where both of our jobs will take us. This question is posed in the design and manufacture environment of the future, more specifically in the context of the year 2020. The following statement was presented by the orchestrators of ME 6102 to help us understand the context from which to answer the question for the semester. We imagine the future in which geographically distributed engineers collaboratively develop, build and test solutions to design-manufacture problems encountered in the product realization process. In this context, we want to provide a method to support the realization of industrial products for a global marketplace through distributed design and manufacture. This definition of the context of 2020 is not sufficient. We will expand upon how we feel the world of 2020 will grow. It is necessary to understand the deign environment in order to answer the question for the semester and create our own successful open engineering systems. In addition, we have created our own personal design/manufacture enterprise called FutureTech Design Manufacture Enterprises (DME). Trevor and I are both executive Co-Presidents of this futuristic company. Future Tech DME is set in the world of 2020, and operates under the economic, political, social, and technological condition we set in our vision of 2020. This creation helps us to put the question for the semester into context and help us to see how we would like our careers to develop. It is and excellent way of understand how to design systems in the business atmosphere, where both of our jobs will take us.

    57. This question is posed in the design and manufacture environment of the future, more specifically in the context of the year 2020. The following statement was presented by the orchestrators of ME 6102 to help us understand the context from which to answer the question for the semester. We imagine the future in which geographically distributed engineers collaboratively develop, build and test solutions to design-manufacture problems encountered in the product realization process. In this context, we want to provide a method to support the realization of industrial products for a global marketplace through distributed design and manufacture. This definition of the context of 2020 is not sufficient. We will expand upon how we feel the world of 2020 will grow. It is necessary to understand the deign environment in order to answer the question for the semester and create our own successful open engineering systems. In addition, we have created our own personal design/manufacture enterprise called FutureTech Design Manufacture Enterprises (DME). Trevor and I are both executive Co-Presidents of this futuristic company. Future Tech DME is set in the world of 2020, and operates under the economic, political, social, and technological condition we set in our vision of 2020. This creation helps us to put the question for the semester into context and help us to see how we would like our careers to develop. It is and excellent way of understand how to design systems in the business atmosphere, where both of our jobs will take us. This question is posed in the design and manufacture environment of the future, more specifically in the context of the year 2020. The following statement was presented by the orchestrators of ME 6102 to help us understand the context from which to answer the question for the semester. We imagine the future in which geographically distributed engineers collaboratively develop, build and test solutions to design-manufacture problems encountered in the product realization process. In this context, we want to provide a method to support the realization of industrial products for a global marketplace through distributed design and manufacture. This definition of the context of 2020 is not sufficient. We will expand upon how we feel the world of 2020 will grow. It is necessary to understand the deign environment in order to answer the question for the semester and create our own successful open engineering systems. In addition, we have created our own personal design/manufacture enterprise called FutureTech Design Manufacture Enterprises (DME). Trevor and I are both executive Co-Presidents of this futuristic company. Future Tech DME is set in the world of 2020, and operates under the economic, political, social, and technological condition we set in our vision of 2020. This creation helps us to put the question for the semester into context and help us to see how we would like our careers to develop. It is and excellent way of understand how to design systems in the business atmosphere, where both of our jobs will take us.

    58. This question is posed in the design and manufacture environment of the future, more specifically in the context of the year 2020. The following statement was presented by the orchestrators of ME 6102 to help us understand the context from which to answer the question for the semester. We imagine the future in which geographically distributed engineers collaboratively develop, build and test solutions to design-manufacture problems encountered in the product realization process. In this context, we want to provide a method to support the realization of industrial products for a global marketplace through distributed design and manufacture. This definition of the context of 2020 is not sufficient. We will expand upon how we feel the world of 2020 will grow. It is necessary to understand the deign environment in order to answer the question for the semester and create our own successful open engineering systems. In addition, we have created our own personal design/manufacture enterprise called FutureTech Design Manufacture Enterprises (DME). Trevor and I are both executive Co-Presidents of this futuristic company. Future Tech DME is set in the world of 2020, and operates under the economic, political, social, and technological condition we set in our vision of 2020. This creation helps us to put the question for the semester into context and help us to see how we would like our careers to develop. It is and excellent way of understand how to design systems in the business atmosphere, where both of our jobs will take us. This question is posed in the design and manufacture environment of the future, more specifically in the context of the year 2020. The following statement was presented by the orchestrators of ME 6102 to help us understand the context from which to answer the question for the semester. We imagine the future in which geographically distributed engineers collaboratively develop, build and test solutions to design-manufacture problems encountered in the product realization process. In this context, we want to provide a method to support the realization of industrial products for a global marketplace through distributed design and manufacture. This definition of the context of 2020 is not sufficient. We will expand upon how we feel the world of 2020 will grow. It is necessary to understand the deign environment in order to answer the question for the semester and create our own successful open engineering systems. In addition, we have created our own personal design/manufacture enterprise called FutureTech Design Manufacture Enterprises (DME). Trevor and I are both executive Co-Presidents of this futuristic company. Future Tech DME is set in the world of 2020, and operates under the economic, political, social, and technological condition we set in our vision of 2020. This creation helps us to put the question for the semester into context and help us to see how we would like our careers to develop. It is and excellent way of understand how to design systems in the business atmosphere, where both of our jobs will take us.

    59. This question is posed in the design and manufacture environment of the future, more specifically in the context of the year 2020. The following statement was presented by the orchestrators of ME 6102 to help us understand the context from which to answer the question for the semester. We imagine the future in which geographically distributed engineers collaboratively develop, build and test solutions to design-manufacture problems encountered in the product realization process. In this context, we want to provide a method to support the realization of industrial products for a global marketplace through distributed design and manufacture. This definition of the context of 2020 is not sufficient. We will expand upon how we feel the world of 2020 will grow. It is necessary to understand the deign environment in order to answer the question for the semester and create our own successful open engineering systems. In addition, we have created our own personal design/manufacture enterprise called FutureTech Design Manufacture Enterprises (DME). Trevor and I are both executive Co-Presidents of this futuristic company. Future Tech DME is set in the world of 2020, and operates under the economic, political, social, and technological condition we set in our vision of 2020. This creation helps us to put the question for the semester into context and help us to see how we would like our careers to develop. It is and excellent way of understand how to design systems in the business atmosphere, where both of our jobs will take us. This question is posed in the design and manufacture environment of the future, more specifically in the context of the year 2020. The following statement was presented by the orchestrators of ME 6102 to help us understand the context from which to answer the question for the semester. We imagine the future in which geographically distributed engineers collaboratively develop, build and test solutions to design-manufacture problems encountered in the product realization process. In this context, we want to provide a method to support the realization of industrial products for a global marketplace through distributed design and manufacture. This definition of the context of 2020 is not sufficient. We will expand upon how we feel the world of 2020 will grow. It is necessary to understand the deign environment in order to answer the question for the semester and create our own successful open engineering systems. In addition, we have created our own personal design/manufacture enterprise called FutureTech Design Manufacture Enterprises (DME). Trevor and I are both executive Co-Presidents of this futuristic company. Future Tech DME is set in the world of 2020, and operates under the economic, political, social, and technological condition we set in our vision of 2020. This creation helps us to put the question for the semester into context and help us to see how we would like our careers to develop. It is and excellent way of understand how to design systems in the business atmosphere, where both of our jobs will take us.

    60. This question is posed in the design and manufacture environment of the future, more specifically in the context of the year 2020. The following statement was presented by the orchestrators of ME 6102 to help us understand the context from which to answer the question for the semester. We imagine the future in which geographically distributed engineers collaboratively develop, build and test solutions to design-manufacture problems encountered in the product realization process. In this context, we want to provide a method to support the realization of industrial products for a global marketplace through distributed design and manufacture. This definition of the context of 2020 is not sufficient. We will expand upon how we feel the world of 2020 will grow. It is necessary to understand the deign environment in order to answer the question for the semester and create our own successful open engineering systems. In addition, we have created our own personal design/manufacture enterprise called FutureTech Design Manufacture Enterprises (DME). Trevor and I are both executive Co-Presidents of this futuristic company. Future Tech DME is set in the world of 2020, and operates under the economic, political, social, and technological condition we set in our vision of 2020. This creation helps us to put the question for the semester into context and help us to see how we would like our careers to develop. It is and excellent way of understand how to design systems in the business atmosphere, where both of our jobs will take us. This question is posed in the design and manufacture environment of the future, more specifically in the context of the year 2020. The following statement was presented by the orchestrators of ME 6102 to help us understand the context from which to answer the question for the semester. We imagine the future in which geographically distributed engineers collaboratively develop, build and test solutions to design-manufacture problems encountered in the product realization process. In this context, we want to provide a method to support the realization of industrial products for a global marketplace through distributed design and manufacture. This definition of the context of 2020 is not sufficient. We will expand upon how we feel the world of 2020 will grow. It is necessary to understand the deign environment in order to answer the question for the semester and create our own successful open engineering systems. In addition, we have created our own personal design/manufacture enterprise called FutureTech Design Manufacture Enterprises (DME). Trevor and I are both executive Co-Presidents of this futuristic company. Future Tech DME is set in the world of 2020, and operates under the economic, political, social, and technological condition we set in our vision of 2020. This creation helps us to put the question for the semester into context and help us to see how we would like our careers to develop. It is and excellent way of understand how to design systems in the business atmosphere, where both of our jobs will take us.

    62. This question is posed in the design and manufacture environment of the future, more specifically in the context of the year 2020. The following statement was presented by the orchestrators of ME 6102 to help us understand the context from which to answer the question for the semester. We imagine the future in which geographically distributed engineers collaboratively develop, build and test solutions to design-manufacture problems encountered in the product realization process. In this context, we want to provide a method to support the realization of industrial products for a global marketplace through distributed design and manufacture. This definition of the context of 2020 is not sufficient. We will expand upon how we feel the world of 2020 will grow. It is necessary to understand the deign environment in order to answer the question for the semester and create our own successful open engineering systems. In addition, we have created our own personal design/manufacture enterprise called FutureTech Design Manufacture Enterprises (DME). Trevor and I are both executive Co-Presidents of this futuristic company. Future Tech DME is set in the world of 2020, and operates under the economic, political, social, and technological condition we set in our vision of 2020. This creation helps us to put the question for the semester into context and help us to see how we would like our careers to develop. It is and excellent way of understand how to design systems in the business atmosphere, where both of our jobs will take us. This question is posed in the design and manufacture environment of the future, more specifically in the context of the year 2020. The following statement was presented by the orchestrators of ME 6102 to help us understand the context from which to answer the question for the semester. We imagine the future in which geographically distributed engineers collaboratively develop, build and test solutions to design-manufacture problems encountered in the product realization process. In this context, we want to provide a method to support the realization of industrial products for a global marketplace through distributed design and manufacture. This definition of the context of 2020 is not sufficient. We will expand upon how we feel the world of 2020 will grow. It is necessary to understand the deign environment in order to answer the question for the semester and create our own successful open engineering systems. In addition, we have created our own personal design/manufacture enterprise called FutureTech Design Manufacture Enterprises (DME). Trevor and I are both executive Co-Presidents of this futuristic company. Future Tech DME is set in the world of 2020, and operates under the economic, political, social, and technological condition we set in our vision of 2020. This creation helps us to put the question for the semester into context and help us to see how we would like our careers to develop. It is and excellent way of understand how to design systems in the business atmosphere, where both of our jobs will take us.

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