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Comma Notes

Comma Notes. It’s not just about pausing. Commas in Compound Sentences. Example: I love to dance, so I enrolled in a jazz class. Compound sentence = two independent clauses are joined by a comma + coordinating conjunction (cc) Formula: Compound sentence = I + , + cc + I + .

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Comma Notes

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  1. Comma Notes It’s not just about pausing.

  2. Commas in Compound Sentences • Example: • I love to dance, so I enrolled in a jazz class. • Compound sentence = two independent clauses are joined by a comma + coordinating conjunction (cc) • Formula: • Compound sentence = I + , + cc + I + .

  3. Commas in a Series • Examples: • I met the principal, the secretary and the custodian. • I went to the market, Joel went to the shoe store, and Francine went to the hospital. • Series = a list of 3 or more words, phrases, or clauses • All items in a series should be separated by commas • Formula: • Series = Item + , + Item + , + cc + Item

  4. Commas Between Adjectives • Do not use commas to separate adjectives if they must go in a specific order. • Several tired hikers straggled into camp. • NOT: Tired several hikers straggled into camp. • Use commas to separate adjectives of equal rank • The tired, hungry hikers straggled into camp. • The hungry, tired hikers straggled into camp.

  5. Commas with Introductory Words / Phrases • Examples of introductory words: • Boy, those socks smell bad! • Sarah, do you love me? • Examples of introductory phrases: • In the front of the bus, the teacher took a nap. • Lying all about, the seals were awfully lazy. • To be perfectly honest, I don’t like grammar • Types of introductory words: • Interjections • Names • Types of introductory phrases • Prepositional phrase • Participial phrase • Infinitive phrase

  6. Commas with Interrupting Words, Phrases, and Clauses • Example of noun of direct address • What do you think, Hank? • Example of an appositive phrase • Hank, the cow-dog, loved to take long naps. • Example of an interrupting adverb • Hank, therefore, had to work long afternoons on the trail. • Example of a common expression • Hank, in fact, loved to nap. • Example of a non-essential dependent clause • Hank, who loves to sleep in the sun, worked long afternoons on the trail. • A noun of direct address • An appositive phrase • Some adverbs • Common expressions • A non-essential dependent clause

  7. Special Uses of Commas • Example date • Thursday, October 21, 2010, was the day that I edited this PowerPoint. • Geographical name • McKinney, Texas, USA, was where this PowerPoint was made. • Address • To be specific, Scoggins Middle School at 7070 Stacy Road, McKinney, TX 75070, was where this was made. • Letter parts • Dearest students, • Love,Mrs. Wiseman • Numbers • 1,304,213 minutes went into becoming amazing. • Quotations • “I hope,” said the student, “that the test is easy.” • Dates • Geographical names • Addresses • Letter parts • Numbers • Quotations

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