PCRA Guide

1. PCRA Guide Renante Cempron

2. Notes to trainers • In all activities, employ participatory approach so that audience/participants will learn things by doing • Use this module • Ensure that the minimum data requirement to produce our project plan is considered (check templates and list of activities) • You can collect other data if you like but make sure you covered all the minimum • Insert breaks between sessions • Insert warm-ups and ensure activities are fun • Identify co-facilitators/team leaders to assist you during the 2 and a half day workshop • Ensure all materials are ready: printed materials, templates, meta cards, manila papers, projector, laptop, electricity, • Use attendance sheets • Take photos highlighting activities • Create action plan for next steps: validation, creative presentation of data, validation, planning and monitoring (persons involve, date, budget, expected output) • Ensure availability of trainers (2-3)

3. Cont..Notes to Trainers • Involve participants in preparation stage (administrative and logistical concerns) • Assign participants to lead in teams based on their skills during the field work stage • Invite participants who represents sectors in the community to encourage coaching and peer learning • Ensure accessibility of training venue and acceptability of day and time • Schedule physically demanding activities in the morning where energies if higher than in the afternoon • Schedule activities in times of good weather conditions for underwater surveys • Make the training as interesting and fun (provide simple instructions for ice breakers, warm-ups and breaks between sessions are important) • Conduct courtesy calls and briefings with local government officials/leaders regarding the objectives and outputs of the workshop (local leaders/ and officials buy in). • Make an initial visit to get a general feel of village and community to familiarize with the local characteristics and features. • Familiarize the vicinity where to conduct field activities and the key informants • Encourage sectoral groups and the general public in the village to actively participate during the PCRA activities • Encourage leaders/officials to invite participants • Appointments with key informants must be confirmed

4. Cont..Notes to Trainers • Explanation and discussion of each tools can be done in a plenary simultaneously with several groups (it depends on the number of facilitators and participants) • Practice sessions is necessary before the actual activities • Inform the participants that they will be going to the field • Group the participants according to the major activities (FGDs, habitat assessment, fish visual census) • For the habitat assessment and FVC, it is advisable to include fisher’s • For the FGD, it is recommended that you have a combination of women, fishers, youth and Barangay officials • Advice participants to wear casual clothing, bring extra clothes, wear comfortable shoes, bring traditional goggles and fins if not comfortable with commercial ones • Be on time

5. Procesosa PCRA

6. Atong tool: FGD • FGDs are conducted to discuss specific topics or issues in detail. A small group of people (10-15 per group) who are knowledgeable or interested in the topic are invited to participate in the discussions. FGDs are generally effective to generate information about specific topics or issues. A facilitator is chosen to ensure the discussion does not stray too far from the intended topic and that no one participant dominates the discussion. A documenter is also necessary to ensure that information/data generated during the discussion are noted down. Group FGDs require advance planning. We will employ the FGD tool in gathering all information relating to fisheries, socio-economic, diagramming (trend and calendar) and resource mapping (fishers, gleaners and MPA).

7. Mga PCRA FGDs • Data gathering: collection of data relevant for planning (time frame February to March) • Fishery demographics (Brgy.) • Trend diagram (catch effort over time) (Brgy.) • Calendar diagram (seasonality of gears and catch) (Brgy.) • FGD on MPA enforcement (current enforcement system, records of infraction) (MPA) • FGD on fisheries (gears and catch inventory) (Brgy.) • MPA (history, folklore and uses) (Brgy.) • FGD on resource mapping (fishers and gleaners) (Brgy.) • FGD on socio-economic (specific on fishing) (Brgy.)

8. Mao niatonggamiton: Focus Group Discussion (FGD) • FGDs ay sinasagawaupangtalakayinangmgaisyu (MPA). Kailanganang 10-15 nataonamalawakangkaalaman at interesadosaisyunamagparticipatesa discussions.

9. Pag-analisakasamaangkomunidad (pagkatapos ng mgagawain) • Pagkuha ng summary • Paggawa ng graph (sa manila paper) • Pag-tabulate (gamitang templates) • Practice simple deduction by asking questions • Anongibigsabihin ng graph? • Paglilinaw • Isulatangmgasagot

10. 1. How to do: Fishery Demographics • Prepare Template1 in a manila paper • Explain what is fishery demographics (next slide) • Explain the benefit of the workshop (next slide) • Do in plenary, ask the participants questions using the first column of the template • Write all answers in the template • Always ask for clarifications and comments • Summarize

11. 1. Definition and benefit: Fishery Demographics • Describes the fishery of the locality (demographics) • Provides information on the fishing age, number of fishers (full and part time), and other practices of different groups • Helps in legislation (regulation fishers-from within and outside the Municipality) • FGD (30 minutes, 10-15 participants)

12. Template 1: Fishery Demographics

13. 2. How to do: Calendar Diagram • Prepare Template 2 in a manila paper • Explain what is calendar diagram (next slide) • Explain the benefit (next slide) • Do in plenary, ask the participants questions using the variables in the column of the template • Write all answers in the template • Always ask for clarifications and comments • Summarize

14. 2. Definition and benefit: Calendar Diagram • Illustrates seasonality of fish composition and gears in the locality • Provides pattern or cycle of gear and catch in a year • Helps in legislation (regulation of gears and catch) • FGD (2 hrs, 10-15 participants)

15. Template 2: Calendar diagram

16. 2. Output: Calendar Diagram

17. 3. How to do: Trend Diagram • Prepare Template3 in a manila paper • Explain what is trend diagram (next slide) • Explain the benefit (next slide) • Do in plenary, ask the participants questions using the variables in the columns of the template • Write all answers in the template • Always ask for clarifications and comments • Summarize

18. 3. Definition and benefit: Trend Diagram • A graphical representation of the catch effort over time and the direction of change • May help project what will be the catch in the future depending on current management • Provide buy in to improve current management practices • FGD (10-15 participants-mostly fishermen aged 50-70 years old)

19. Template 3: Trend Diagram

20. 3. Output: Trend Diagram Introduction of cyanide and dynamite fishing Use of fine mesh nets ?

21. 4. How to do: MPA Enforcement • Prepare Template 4 in a manila paper • Explain what is MPA enforcement workshop activity (next slide) • Explain the benefit (next slide) • Do in plenary, ask the participants questions using the variables in the columns of the template • Write all answers in the template • Always ask for clarifications and comments • Summarize

22. 4. Definition and benefit: MPA Enforcement • A simple documentation showing history of enforcement, enforcement practices and some details regarding infractions, gears and perpetrators. • Can help us understand who, where, what-MPA intrusions • Can help in legislation and planning and carrying out enforcement systems • FGD (2 hrs, 10-15 participants-enforcers, some PNP mebers can assist)

23. Template 4: MPA Enforcement

24. 5. How to do: Fish catch and gears • Prepare Template 5a, 5b, and 5c in a manila paper • Explain what is fish catch and gear inventory workshop (next slide) • Explain the benefit (next slide) • Do in plenary, ask the participants questions using the variables in the columns of the template • Write all answers in the template • Always ask for clarifications and comments • Add specific type of gear if necessary by inserting a column • Summarize

25. 5. Definition and benefit: Fish catch and gears • An inventory of all gears and type of catch in the locality • Helps describe what gear catches what fish • Provides information on gear diversity and multi gear fishery • Can help in decision making for regulations and legislations • FGD (2 hrs, 10-15 participants-mostly fishers)

26. Template 5a: Fish catch and gear inventory

27. Template 5b: Fish catch and gear inventory

28. Template 5c: Other resources

29. 6. How to do: MPA History and folklore • Copy Template 6 in a manila paper • Explain what is MPA history activity (next slide) • Explain the benefit of the workshop (next slide) • Do in plenary, ask the participants questions using the variables in the columns of the template • Write all answers in the template • Always ask for clarifications and comments • Add specific type of gear if necessary by inserting a column • Summarize

30. 6. Definition and benefit: MPA History • A historical account of the use, users and resources and folklores (practices) of the MPA • An inventory of indigenous knowledge relating to fishing grounds as sacred or special areas that may form part of layman’s management practice • Could date back to time that can be recalled by participants • Provides a comparison of the use, users, and resource (what changed overtime) • FGD (2 hrs-10-15 participants-fishers residing close to or knowledgeable of MPA history)

31. Template 6: MPA History and folklore

32. 7. How to do: Resource Mapping (fishers and gleaners) • Group participants in 2 (Fishers and Gleaners) • Gleaners will map gleaning area, resources-mostly invertebrates, and landmarks) • Produce a base map of the barangay • How: Project a map of the barangay using LCD • Trace the map using manila paper • Validate map by getting GPS coordinates (tracking function) • Prepare crayons and pens of various colors • Explain what is Resource mapping activity (next slide) • Explain the benefit of the workshop (next slide) • Do in plenary, show to the participant all codes (Habitat, Resources, Resource use and issues) • Explain the codes and instruct participants to use them • If new elements are added, please create new code following the sequence (e.g. dynamite fishing has no code, if existing in you area use IS13) • Always ask for clarifications and comments • Summarize

33. 7. Definition and benefits: Resource Mapping (fishers and gleaners) • A visual representation of an area highlighting relationships between elements • Can provide us quick reference as to areas of uses, issues, areas of conflict, fishing grounds and etc. • Provides direct appreciation of the community of their barangay • Useful tool for the community planning • FGD (3 hrs, 10-15 or more participants); Resource MAP for gleaners (mostly females and kids)

34. 7a. Habitat Coding

35. 7b. Resources Code

36. 7b. Resource code continuation….

37. 7c. Resource use and issues code

38. 7. Output: Resource Mapping (fishers and gleaners)

39. 8. How to do: Socio-economic (fisheries) • Copy Template 8a and 8b in a manila paper • Explain what is Socio-economic tool (next slide) • Explain the benefit of the workshop (next slide) • Do in plenary, ask the participants questions using the variables in the columns of the template • Write all answers in the template • Always ask for clarifications and comments • Summarize

40. 8. Definition and benefit: Socio-economic (fisheries) • A simple profile of fishing activities focusing on day to day income and expenses • This is useful in describing the magnitude of people involved in fishing activities (full time fisheries, part time fisheries, gleaners and youth). Additional information on boat and users per trip will also demonstrate the amount of effort put by fishers in order to keep at par with the current fisheries situation. • Provide us a baseline or pattern (economics, gears, catch composition) • FGD (2 hrs, 10-15 participants)

41. Template 8a: Socio-economic (fisheries)use range (5-10 kilos; 100-500Php)

42. Template 8b. Alternative source of livelihood for groups in the barangay

43. PCRA Process

44. 2. Analysis with the community (after each activity day) • Summarizing (sub-totals and totals) • Practice graphing (in manila paper) • Practice tabular presentation (see templates) • Practice simple deduction by asking questions • What is the graph or table saying? • What is the trends? • What are the explanations of the patterns? • Find relationship as to the activities /practices of the community • Document answers and explanations

45. PCRA Process

46. 3. Get Community Feed back (Validation) • Ipresentangdatossa barangay assembly • Ihandaangmgaresulta ng PCRA (analysis, graphical presentation) • Isamaangcommentaryo ng mgatao • Ipresentugmagkuhaug feedback (KAP survey)

47. Activities during validation • Can be done during general assembly or special forum • Presentation of all data in simple way (all results) • TWG members leading each tool can facilitate presentation • Includes TWG and MANCOM Org Dev Plan and Action Plan • Collect comments from the community • Incorporate comments (right after the validation day to avoid loss files)

48. PCRA Process: Pag-consolida ng impormasyon

49. 4. Pag-consolida: Fisheries Profile • Activities • Write shop (fisheries)

50. Mgagawainsapag-consolida • Pagsamahin and mgaresulta (8 ka FGDs) • Kompletohon and analysis ug conclusion • Kinianggitawagnga Fisheries Profile ngamasulodsa BROP: Governance and Management Plan