Globalization

1. Globalization “I’ve got the whole world in my hands”

2. Globalization • Globalization is a trend towards greater interconnectedness of the world’s financial, economic, technological, political, cultural, sociological, ecological and geographical systems.

3. Globalization • Positive Impacts of Globalization • Living conditions have improved • Increased understanding of different cultures • More jobs • Reduce costs of goods

4. Globalization • Negative Impacts of Globalization • Focus is often on short-term gains only • Rich are richer, poor are poorer • destruction of the environment • neglect of human rights

5. Globalization • Global Village Institutions • United Nations • World Bank • NATO • International Court • We are all part of the global village, but do we all share it equally?

6. Comparing Levels of Development • Not all countries around the world are developed like Canada and the United States. Countries are usually grouped into 3 categories based on their economic and social development. • Developed • Newly Industrialized • Developing

7. What makes a country developing? • Low standard of living • Lots of people working in primary industries (farming) • Low education, healthcare, life expectancy • Example: countries in Sub-saharan Africa

8. What makes a country developed? • High standard of living • Industrialized • Lots of parts to the economy • Democracy • Lack of corruption • Example: many countries in N. America and Europe

9. What Makes a Newly Industrialized Country? • going through the process of becoming developed • has a changing economy (going from primary, secondary towards more tertiary industries) • is in “limbo” between being a developing and developed country • Examples: South Korea, Hong Kong

10. How do we know which we are? • Human Development Index (HDI) • Calculator for development • Look at: income per capita (GDP), life expectancy, birth rate, death rate, literacy (ability to read & write)

11. What Do You Know of the World?

12. Canada’s Contribution • CIDA = Canadian International Development Agency • CIDA’s aim: reduce poverty, promote human rights, and support sustainable development • Priorities: reduce poverty, democracy, business development, health, education, equality between women and men, and environmental sustainability

13. Who have we helped? • Sub-Saharan Africa: $1.3 billion – 46.74% • North Africa and the Middle East: $129 million – 4.6% • Americas: $459 million – 16.5% • Asia: $780 million – 28.1% • Eastern Europe: $114 million – 4.1%

14. Why do we bother? • people living in extreme poverty went from 1.25 billion to 980 million • 6.8 million more children are in school in a number of African countries ) • 61,000 people now have access to running water and sanitation in Honduras

15. What is International Trade? • International trade involves 2 activities: importing (buying goods and services from other countries) and exporting (selling goods and services to other countries).

16. Why Do We Trade? • Earn Money for the economy • Get things we don’t have or can’t produce • To get cheaper products and services • Create relationships with other countries • Job Creation

17. Trade Terms • Imports-Goods/services we buy from another country. • Exports-Goods/services we sell to another country. • Balance of trade-The dollar difference between our imports and exports. • Trade Surplus-When a country has more exports than imports. • Free Trade-When no tariffs are put on any goods and services. • Tariff-Taxes placed on imported goods/services to make them more expensive (so people buy locally made goods)

18. Canada's Export Markets, 2009

19. International Trade Organizations

20. Fair Trade • Coffee from Kenya, textiles from India, tea from Sri Lanka, nuts from El Salvador, ceramics from Mexico, and chocolate from Ghana… • Many of the things we buy are grown or made in developing countries. • But do the people who produce these goods get a fair price for them, and what are their working conditions like?

21. Fair Trade • For most workers, wages are low, there is no job security, and working conditions are often unhealthy and unsafe. • Fair trade is an international system of doing business based on dialogue, transparency, and respect. • Better prices for producers, but also it often means longer-term and more meaningful trading relationships, sustainable agriculture, stronger communities ties, etc.

22. Fair Trade • What is your role? • Churches, communities, school, unions, businesses and consumer groups are pushing to move Fair Trade products into mainstream grocery stores • The demand must increase, so more workers will benefit • Demand products with superior quality • Become a player in the solution to global trade inequalities

23. Did You Know???

24. Famously and Firstly Canadian • Canadian John McIntosh discovered McIntosh apples in 1811 growing along the St. Lawrence River Valley • The first recorded baseball game was played in Beachville, Ontario in 1838 • Montreal Professor Thomas Sterry Hunt developed special green ink to produce American bills ‘greenbacks’ that couldn’t be forged in 1862 • The world’s second most popular sport ‘basketball’ was the idea of Canadian James Naismith in 1892

25. Famously and Firstly Canadian • Tom Ryan became the father of five-pin bowling, by developing the game in Toronto in 1909 • Torontonian William Knapp developed the yucky-tasting Buckley’s Mixture in 1919 • In 1948 Harry Galley received his patented for his stainless steel kitchen sink • Montreal Canadian goalie Jacques Plante became the first goalie to start wearing a mask • Instant mashed potatoes were patented by Edward Asselbergs in 1961

26. Famously and Firstly Canadian • Muskol the world’s most effective bug repellent is the creation of Charlie Coll (1970) • Leslie McFarlane penned the famous Hardy Boys series as Franklin W. Dixon • Torontonian Alex Tilley created the nearly indestructible ‘Tilley Hat’ in 1980 • Winnipeg was the first city in the world to develop the emergency ‘911’ system • Canadian Deanna Brasseaur & Jane Foster became the world’s first female jet fighter pilots in 1989

27. Famously and Firstly Canadian • Tim Collins of B.C. developed the Viewer Chip for parents to block offensive television programs • In 1998, the ‘Sam Bat’ a maple baseball bat made by Ottawa carpenter Sam Holman was approved for use in professional baseball leagues • In 1999 Ontario became the first place in the world to protect the skyscape from light pollution by designating a dark-sky park south of Lake Muskoka • Canadians have developed – Trivial Pursuit, Balderdash, Mind Trap, Pictionary and A Question of Scruples

28. Famously and Firstly Canadian • Canada is home to the world’s… • Oldest chain store business is Canada’s Hudson Bay Company founded in 1670 • Longest highway, the Trans Canada highway - 7,821 km • Longest street, Yonge Street - 1,900 km • Longest bridge – Confederation Bridge linking P.E.I. to N.B. – 12.9 km • Longest skating rink – 7.8 km Rideau Canal in Ottawa • Longest recreational trail – Trans Canada Trail will be over 16,000 km long

29. Greatest Canadian Invention • Of all these great Canadian ideas, which ones are the “greatest”? • CBC asked Canadians to vote for the Greatest Canadian Invention and showed us the results in early 2007. • www.cbc.ca/inventions

30. Greatest Canadian Invention #10 • Poutine

31. Greatest Canadian Invention #9 • Electric Wheelchair

32. Greatest Canadian Invention #8 • Zipper

33. Greatest Canadian Invention #7 • Robertson Screw

34. Greatest Canadian Invention #6 • Pacemaker

35. Greatest Canadian Invention #5 • Wonderbra

36. Greatest Canadian Invention #4 • Five Pin Bowling

37. Greatest Canadian Invention #3 • Light bulb

38. Greatest Canadian Invention #2 • Telephone

39. Greatest Canadian Invention #1 • Insulin