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Common Polyatomic Ions

NH 4 +. ammonium. CO 3 2-. carbonate. NO 2 -. nitrite. hydrogen carbonate (bicarbonate is a widely used common name). HCO 3 -. NO 3 -. nitrate. SO 3 2-. sulfite. hypochlorite. ClO -. SO 4 2-. sulfate. ClO 2 -. chlorite. hydrogen sulfate (bisulfate is a widely

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Common Polyatomic Ions

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  1. NH4+ ammonium CO32- carbonate NO2- nitrite hydrogen carbonate (bicarbonate is a widely used common name) HCO3- NO3- nitrate SO32- sulfite hypochlorite ClO- SO42- sulfate ClO2- chlorite hydrogen sulfate (bisulfate is a widely used common name) HSO4- ClO3- chlorate ClO4- perchlorate OH- hydroxide C2H3O2- acetate cyanide CN- permanganate MnO4- PO43- phosphate Cr2O72- dichromate hydrogen phosphate HPO42- chromate CrO42- dihydrogen phosphate O22- H2PO4- peroxide Common Polyatomic Ions Names of Common Polyatomic Ions Ion Name Name Ion

  2. H 2.1 Li 1.0 Be 1.5 B 2.0 C 2.5 N 3.0 O 3.5 F 4.0 Na 0.9 Mg 1.2 Al 1.5 Si 1.8 P 2.1 S 2.5 Cl 3.0 K 0.8 Ca 1.0 Sc 1.3 Ti 1.5 V 1.6 Cr 1.6 Mn 1.5 Fe 1.8 Co 1.8 Ni 1.8 Cu 1.9 Zn 1.7 Ga 1.6 Ge 1.8 As 2.0 Se 2.4 Br 2.8 Rb 0.8 Sr 1.0 Y 1.2 Zr 1.4 Nb 1.6 Mo 1.8 Tc 1.9 Ru 2.2 Rh 2.2 Pd 2.2 Ag 1.9 Cd 1.7 In 1.7 Sn 1.8 Sb 1.9 Te 2.1 I 2.5 * Cs 0.7 Ba 0.9 La 1.1 Hf 1.3 Ta 1.5 W 1.7 Re 1.9 Os 2.2 Ir 2.2 Pt 2.2 Au 2.4 Hg 1.9 Tl 1.8 Pb 1.8 Bi 1.9 Po 2.0 At 2.2 y Fr 0.7 Ra 0.9 Ac 1.1 * Lanthanides: 1.1 - 1.3 y Actinides: 1.3 - 1.5 Below 1.0 2.0 - 2.4 1.0 - 1.4 2.5 - 2.9 1.5 - 1.9 3.0 - 4.0 Electronegativities 1A 8A 1 1 3A 5A 7A 2A 4A 6A 2 2 3 3 2B 4B 6B 8B 1B 3B 5B 7B Period 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 Hill, Petrucci, General Chemistry An Integrated Approach 2nd Edition, page 373

  3. Review TWO Elements Metal (fixed) + Non-metal Group 1, Group 2, Ag, Zn, Al NaCl sodium chloride binary -ide Metal (variable) + Non-metal Transition Elements STOCK system (Roman Numeral) CrCl2 chromium (II) chloride Sn stannum Pb plumbum Cu cuprum Au aurum Fe ferrum Cr2+ Cl1- OLD system [-ic (higher) & -ous (lower)] Cu1+ or Cu2+ CuCl2 cupric chloride Three or more Elements Ternary Compounds Polyatomic Ions [-ate (one more O) & -ite (one less O)] LiNO3 lithium nitrate LiNO2 lithium nitrite Li3N lithium nitride (binary compound)

  4. Polyatomic Ions [-ate (one more O) & -ite (one less O)] 1 more oxygen 1 less oxygen 2 less oxygen Memorize per____ateNORMAL _____itehypo_____ite _____ate chlorate nitrate carbonate sulfate phosphate perchlorate pernitrate percarbonate persulfate perphosphate ClO31- NO31- CO32- SO42- PO43- chlorite nitrite carbonite sulfite phosphite ClO41- NO41- CO42- SO52- PO53- ClO21- NO21- CO22- SO32- PO33- hypochlorite hyponitrite hypocarbonite hyposulfite hypophosphite ClO1- NO1- CO2- SO22- PO23- ammonium, cyanide, hydroxide NH41+ CN1- OH1- How many atoms are in a formula unit of ammonium hypophosphite? 18 NH41+ 3 PO23- (NH4)3PO2 Nonmetal & Nonmetal (Greek prefixes)……DO NOT REDUCE! Mono Di Tri Tetra Penta Hexa Hepta Octa Nona Deca 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

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