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OPERATIONAL RESEARCH What is it ? Why is it relevant ?

OPERATIONAL RESEARCH What is it ? Why is it relevant ?. Dr. Rony Zachariah MD, PhD Operational Centre Brussels MSF- Luxembourg rony.zachariah@brussels.msf.org. Operational research: historical roots. Milita ry & industrial modelling

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OPERATIONAL RESEARCH What is it ? Why is it relevant ?

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  1. OPERATIONAL RESEARCHWhat is it ? Why is it relevant ? Dr. Rony Zachariah MD, PhD Operational Centre Brussels MSF- Luxembourg rony.zachariah@brussels.msf.org

  2. Operational research: historical roots Military & industrial modelling defined as “the application of analytic methods to help make better decisions” Example: Military sector: anti-aircraft artillary efficiency

  3. Examples: Commercial sector: • Englands « Penny Post » – 1840 • Efficient scheduling of airline crews

  4. “What” is operational research Search for knowledge on interventions, strategies or tools that can enhance the quality, or coverage of health systems and services.

  5. What is not operational research: • Basic science research • Randomised controlled trials [RCT] – where research is conducted in a strictly controlled environment, with inclusion and exclusion criteria – efficacy is the end point

  6. The need for RCT and operational research: a necessary continuum Generates knowledge (Trial conditions) RCT ‘How to’ apply that knowledge ? (Real world conditions) Operational research Patients and communities Benefits +

  7. Excellent evidence but gaps in implementation!

  8. Malaria Kills 1 to 2 million people each year,

  9. 39% reduction in deaths

  10. 1988

  11. Why is operational research relevant ? Bridging implementation gaps

  12. MALAWI Early 2000’s Population : 10 Million HIV/AIDS : 1 Million

  13. 100,000 deaths/ year - no access to antiretroviraltreatment Photo with permission

  14. Malawi 2013 650,000 on ART

  15. Measuring population Impact of ART on deaths “Coffin sales”

  16. 10,000 Deaths Averted ! Coffin sales in trouble

  17. BURUNDI – Maternal Deaths Burundi 800 /100,000 Luxembourg 2 /100,000 MDG 5 • Reducedeaths by 75% (2015) African countries – unlikely to achieve MDG 5

  18. Reduced maternal deaths by 74%

  19. Impact in relation to MDG 5 Reduction in maternal mortality ratio = 74%

  20. 40 low-income countries implementing five interventions – up to 27 years after ! Malaria Vaccinations

  21. CONCLUSION • Manyyearspassbetween ‘definitive’ trial results and policy and practice change • EU Researchinvestment • 55.8 Billion Euros (2007-2013) • Technology/ Drugs/ Clinical trials • Support operationalresearchapplyknowledge for maximum public benefit.

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