Systematic Literature Searching VETM 601 Professional Skills UCVM Graduate Students Nov 29, Dec 13 2012

1. Systematic Literature SearchingVETM 601 Professional SkillsUCVM Graduate StudentsNov 29, Dec 13 2012 Lorraine Toews MLIS Librarian, Veterinary Medicine ,UC Health Sciences Library libguides.ucalgary.ca/vetmed

2. My background • Masters Library & Information Studies (MLIS) U of A • UC Library Subject Librarian – academic staff • 1997 – 2006 UME, PGME Faculty of Medicine • 2006 – pres Faculty of Veterinary Medicine • 2011- pres Bachelor of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine • Adjunct appointment – UCVM Ecosystem & Public Health • Co-author reviews • Author • Registered Nurse - 7 years

3. Workshop Overview • Search continuum • Standards for systematic searches • Search process • Developing search questions • Selecting databases & search engines • Search strategies • Textwordvs Subject Heading • Broaden & Focus Searches • Saving search strategies • Reporting searches • Publishing your research

4. Search Continuum

5. Systematic Reviews vs Narrative Reviews

6. Standards forSystematic Literature Search Cochrane Collaboration Handbook http://www.cochrane-handbook.org/ US Institute of Medicine Standards for Systematic Reviews http://www.iom.edu/

7. Systematic review searchesaim to minimize bias by Doing an exhaustive search for all the evidence in … • Peer reviewed journal literature • Grey literature • Conference proceedings • Dissertations & theses • Government documents • Data & statistics • Professional organization reports • Unpublished studies – clinical trial & research in progress registries

8. 1. Translate your Research Question into Searchable Questions2. Develop Search Terms

9. Ask a SearchableQuestion How does the metaphylacticuse of antimicrobials in beef cattle affect the emergence of antimicrobial resistance in afeedlotsetting?

10. Key concepts &Search terms

11. Ask a SearchableClinical Question Among dairy cattle, is the complement fixation testvs the Elisa test more accurate in screening for Johne’s disease?

12. Key Concepts &Search Terms

13. Define Search Limits • Publication Date • Language • Type of document – review, RCT • Age group • Gender • Geographic Location

14. 3. Select Appropriate Databases for Your Topic and Task

15. Veterinary MedicineInterdisciplinary

16. 3.1 Locate journal literature Google Scholar - background, scoping search, cited by - find known article CAB Abs – vet med, animal science PubMed / MEDLINE – medicine, vet med Scopus, Web of Science Citation – multidisciplinary, citation tracking Wildlife & Ecology Studies BIOSIS – basic science Environment Complete - environment Agricola – animal science

17. CAB Abs vsPubMed

18. CAB Abstracts Subject Coverage CABI Publishing http://www.cabi.org/default.aspx?site=170&page=1016&pid=125

19. Some Vet Med Journals in CAB Abs not in PubMed Bovine Bovine Practitioner Cattle Practice Livestock Science UK Vet: Livestock Equine Australian Equine Veterinarian Equine Veterinary Education Journal of Equine Science Journal of Equine Veterinary Science Exotics Exotic DVM Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine Swine Journal of Swine Health & Production Pig Journal

20. Some Vet Med Journals in CAB Abs not in PubMed Poultry Journal of Poultry Science Poultry International Public Health Journal of Veterinary Epidemiology Journal of Veterinary Public Health Wildlife European Journal of Wildlife Research Journal of Wildlife Health Journal of Wildlife Management Other Journal of Veterinary Cardiology

21. CAB Abs, BIOSISWeb of Science

22. Scopus & Web of Science

23. Scopus Coverage

24. Scopus Coverage

25. Wildlife & Ecology Studies Subject Coverage

26. Environment Complete Subject Coverage

27. 3.2 Locate conferenceproceedings CAB Abstracts – vet med IVIS International Veterinary Info System Web of Science Scopus BIOSIS – basic science UC Library Catalogue – selective Interlibrary loan Purchase from Proquest Dissertations Express

28. 3.3 Locate dissertations & theses Proquest Dissertations & Theses • Full-text PDFs 1997 – present • Can take 1 year to appear in Proquest Interlibrary loan if not in Proquest Purchase Proquest Dissertations - credit card

29. 3.4 Locate data & statistics UC Library Spatial & Numeric Data Services http://library.ucalgary.ca/sands Phone: 403-220-6822libdata@ucalgary.camaps@ucalgary.caTwitter: @UofCLibData

30. 3.6 Locate unpublishedclinical trials Cochrane Collaboration Handbook Chap 6.2.3  Unpublished and ongoing studies Clinical trial registries http://handbook.cochrane.org/ Mainly human, but have animal studies related to human disease

31. Off-Campus Authentication Barcode: first 9 digits of barcode on back (leave off last digit) Password/PIN: UCID number leave off zeros at front of number http://thoth.lib.ucalgary.ca/loginhelp.html

32. 4. Search Strategies

33. A Cautionary Note • Databases like CAB Abstracts, Scopus … • Do not work like Google • Quality varies • Consistency, depth indexing • Search software functionality • Subject coverage varies • Effort to learn search skills > quality of results

34. Broaden or Focus your Search

35. Strategies to Broaden Searches • Reframe your question to make it broader • Use broader search terms • Remove the least important concept • Add synonyms within a concept (Boolean OR) • Use truncation in textword searches – therap* retrieves therapy, therapist, therapeutic • Apply fewer, or no limits • Use the Explode feature (only in CAB Abs, OVID MEDLINE) • Use both subject headings & textwords for the broadest search

36. Strategies to Focus Searches • Reframe your question to make it narrower • Use more specific search terms • Add another concept • Use less/no synonyms within a concept • Use less/no truncation in textword searches • Apply more limits • Do not use the Explode feature (only in CAB Abs, OVID MEDLINE)

37. Subject Heading vs Keyword Searching

38. Search ModeDepends on Task PubMed Default or Advanced • Need only the key articles on topic • Topic covered by journals indexed in PubMed CAB Abs Multi-Field • Topic not covered in PubMed journals • Need only the key articles on topic • You do not need a comprehensive search CAB Abs or MEDLINE Advanced • Need a comprehensive, precise search • Your topic is abstract, multi-faceted

39. Search Mechanics • Boolean Operators • AND, OR, NOT (see separate slide) • Parentheses ( ) • Enclose synonyms for a concept in parentheses • Search boxes in CAB Abs Multi-Field does automatically • Exact phrase search • Varies depending on database • Many databases use quote marks “_” around a phrase • Truncation • Asterisk at end of word stem retrieves plurals, word variants - therap* retrieves therapy, therapist, therapeutic

40. Boolean Operators OR Connects synonyms or similarterms within a concept Finds records with EITHER or BOTH search terms Broadens search Dementia OR Alzheimers AND Connects concepts Finds records with ALL search terms Narrows search Dementia AND treatment NOT Excludes all records that contain the term after NOT Narrows search Use with care Dementia NOT Alzheimers

41. Textword Search(OVID Multi-Field)CAB Abstracts

42. CAB Abstracts Record

43. Textword Search Multi-Field OVID

44. Find Review articlesin CAB Abstracts Type the following in the search box: Exp Reviews/ or meta-analysis/ Combine with your final subject search set usingAND

45. Subject Heading Search(OVID Advanced)CAB Abstracts

46. CAB Abstracts Record

47. CAB Abstracts Record Subject Heading search (OVID Advanced Search) searches this part of record

48. Subject Heading SearchOVID Advanced

49. Purpose of Subject Headings Account for synonyms, plural, alternate spelling Increased Relevance

50. Purpose of Subject Headings Use the Explode function