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OTHER VISUAL ALTERATIONS

OTHER VISUAL ALTERATIONS. Diabetic Retinopathy. Cause:Retinal blood vessel complication r/t poor glucose control Microaneurysms S & S: vision loss Treatment -preventative with glucose control -Laser therapy

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OTHER VISUAL ALTERATIONS

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  1. OTHER VISUAL ALTERATIONS

  2. Diabetic Retinopathy • Cause:Retinal blood vessel complication r/t poor glucose control • Microaneurysms • S & S: vision loss • Treatment -preventative with glucose control -Laser therapy -Vitrectomy performed if frequent bleeding into the vitreous occurs

  3. Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca • Dry Eye Syndrome- results from - changes in tear composition -lacrimal gland malfunction - altered tear distribution • Treatment: artificial tears - lubricating ointment • Surgery: punctal occluders

  4. Corneal Disorders • Changes in corneal structure, infectious agents • Goal: reduce symptoms -enhance patient’s ability to use remaining vision Treatment: -antibiotics - antifungals - antivirals - steroids

  5. Refractory Errors • Myopia—nearsightedness • Hyperopia—farsightedness • Presbyopia—age-related problem in which lens loses its elasticity • Astigmatism—curve of the cornea is uneven • TREATMENT: corrective lenses

  6. Surgery for Treatment of Refractive Errors • Laser in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK) • Intact corneal ring

  7. Lasik video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f-YkzgfgN2k

  8. Collaborative Care/Nursing Interventions for Patients with Reduced Vision • Communication regarding use of adaptive items • Safety in familiar settings • Ambulation assisted with care • Self-care and independence promoted • Support for the difficulty of adapting to loss of sight

  9. NURSING DIAGNOSES FOR VISUAL ALTERATIONS • Fear related to sensory impairment, loss of eyesight, or scheduled procedure • Risk for injury related to decreased vision • Self-Care Deficit related to perceptual impairment

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