Model and Software Development for Applicability of Irrigation Water Depending on Its Quality

1. Model and Software Development for Applicability of Irrigation Water Depending on Its Quality Spaska KalchevaBulgaria, University of Forestry, Agricultural Faculty, SofiaIvanka Dimitrova Bulgaria, TCOM Ltd., Sofia Ashwani Kumar India,Directorate of Water Mausumi Raychaudhuri Management, Bhubaneswar Peter DimitrovBulgaria,Institute of Land Reclamation and Agricultural Mechanization, Sofia

2. Model and Software Development forApplicability of Irrigation Water Depending on Its Quality 1 Objectives: • Water resources protection - assessment of the water quality indicators for efficient use of the water resources in accordance with the requirements of the water consumers; • Soil resource protection - knowing the irrigation water and the soil characteristics the farmer should predict the water impact on the modification of the soil parameters; • Crops protection - usage of water for irrigation according to the needs of the crops towards water quality and taking into consideration the economic efficiency of the irrigation permits obtaining stable crop yields; • Consumers protection - the sustainable agricultural development is a precondition for the crop production, which eliminates the health risks for the consumers.

3. Model and Software Development forApplicability of Irrigation Water Depending on Its Quality 2 Model and Algorithm The database contains: • Information about: water users, water sources, type of water, soil characteristics, methods of irrigation, cultivated crops, date of water sample, taken for laboratory analysis; • Full information about the results of the chemical laboratory analysis of the irrigation water. The information of the results from the laboratory water analysis contains: pH factor, electrical conductivity of the water, biochemical oxygen demands, chemical oxygen demands, suspended solids, bacterial populations, anions and cations. The main trace elements are included.

4. Model and Software Development forApplicability of Irrigation Water Depending on Its Quality 3 The degree of restriction on the usage of irrigation water has been presented as a remark for all analyzed parameters in conformity withFAO methodology on water quality for agriculture. The parameters are, as follows: • Salinity (affects crop water availability); • Infiltration (affects infiltration rate of water into the soil). Assessment of the infiltration is on the common base of electrical conductivity of the water and of the sodium adsorption ratio in the case of fresh water for irrigation, and of the adjusted sodium adsorption ratio in the case of waste water;

5. Model and Software Development forApplicability of Irrigation Water Depending on Its Quality 4 • Specific ion toxicity (affects sensitive crops), as follows: Sodium - cases of surface irrigation and sprinkler irrigation; Chloride - cases of surface irrigation and sprinkler irrigation; Boron; Trace elements – arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, manganese, lead, zinc; • Miscellaneous effects (affects susceptible crops), as follows: Nitrogen (NO3-N); Bicarbonate (overhead sprinkling only); pH factor; Clogging problems (in the case of localized, drip irrigation): Langelier saturation index, suspended solids, bacteria population, etc.; • Suggestions about application availability of the irrigation water, taking in consideration the previous estimations, biochemical oxygen demands, chemical oxygen demands and other factors.

6. Model and Software Development forApplicability of Irrigation Water Depending on Its Quality 5 Personal, operational and permanent information uploading • The information uploading cover two basic steps, as follows: • Input data uploading, i.e. forms on the specific water user and general information about the irrigated field are being uploaded. The data from the last processing are available because significant part of the information about the water user at the last service provided is the same. The data is being updated with the uploading of the new ones; • Uploading of data got from laboratory analysis. If the water source coincides with the source from the last processing, than the previous processing data are shown too because there is very likely that some of them will be the same;

7. Model and Software Development forApplicability of Irrigation Water Depending on Its Quality 6 Information processing and results • The basic steps at information processing are, as follows: • Processing the laboratory analysis information and results preserving. The achieved results will be processed together with the data of sensibility and tolerance of the crop and also with the information on irrigated field; • Results divided into three groups: potential problems at irrigation, specific toxicity and side effects; • Recommendation choice according to the achieved indicators. Recommendation information is kept as a permanent information of the algorithm; • Results carried out from the recommendation analysis.

8. Model and Software Development forApplicability of Irrigation Water Depending on Its Quality 7 Computer programme general description The main elements of the programme are: • Establishing an empty database connected to the programme, containing preliminary information, i.e. • information about: water users, water sources, type of water, soil characteristics, methods of irrigation, cultivated crops, date of water sample, taken for laboratory analysis, • results of the chemical analysis of the water samples, accompanied by supplementing information about water users, water sources, soil characteristics, cultivated crops, etc.;

9. Model and Software Development forApplicability of Irrigation Water Depending on Its Quality 8

10. Model and Software Development forApplicability of Irrigation Water Depending on Its Quality 9

11. Model and Software Development forApplicability of Irrigation Water Depending on Its Quality 10 • Input form and preliminary processing of the information about the results of chemical analysis of the water. The form contains the following elements: • control on the input of the chemical analysis data and the identified data input, • ActiveX Data Object control (to quickly create connections between data-bound controls and data provider) for navigating in the database, • command buttons and menus for correcting, adding and erasing records from the record-set, and for moving between input data pages and pages, containing recommendations, respectively suggestions, • establishing a record-set (to manipulate data in a database at the record level) based on available criteria, • menu managing different aspects of the user’s interface of the implementation;

12. Model and Software Development forApplicability of Irrigation Water Depending on Its Quality 11 Next forms illustrate results from assessment of potential irrigation problems, specific toxicity, side effects.

13. Model and Software Development forApplicability of Irrigation Water Depending on Its Quality 12

14. Model and Software Development forApplicability of Irrigation Water Depending on Its Quality 13 • Recommendation and suggestion forms how to use the irrigation water.

15. Model and Software Development forApplicability of Irrigation Water Depending on Its Quality 14 Main results:The first programme version implies basic elements of the algorithm: • An empty database for the results from the chemical analysis of the water samples; • The preliminary version of the input form for input and preliminary processing of the identifying data and of the data from the chemical analysis; • Module for assessing irrigation water quality. It helps for determining recommendations’ parameters how to use the irrigation water. During the next work phases of the software development the module should be completed with the improved algorithm for processing, taking in consideration the results from the testing of the programme and the additional research of the bibliographic sources on theoretical and practical results; • Forms, showing on the monitor screen the recommendations and suggestions how to use the available irrigation water, through different windows.

16. Thank You!