SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT: A CHALLENGE

Post-Graduate Course ENERGY & CLIMATE IMDO Universiteit Antwerpen 03.04.2009 SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT: A CHALLENGE Prof. Han Verschure Post Graduate Center Human Settlements DEPARTMENT ASRO K.U.Leuven - Belgium

Post-Graduate Course ENERGY & CLIMATE IMDO Universiteit Antwerpen 28.02.2009 SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT: A CHALLENGE Summary Part 1: HOUSING AN INCREASINGLY URBANIZED WORLD: SUSTAINABLE? Part 2: SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IS SEEKING NEW BALANCES AND NECESSITATES PARADIGM SHIFTS Part 3: HOUSING A SUSTAINABLE URBANIZED WORLD IS POSSIBLE: SOME EXPERIENCES

Part 1: HOUSING AN INCREASINGLY URBANIZED WORLD: SUSTAINABLE?

Part 1: HOUSING AN INCREASINGLY URBANIZED WORLD: SUSTAINABLE? • Cities are hot spots of production, consumption, and waste generation. Already, according to the United Nations, cities are responsible for 75% of global energy consumption and 80% of greenhouse gas emissions. • Without careful investment and planning, mega-cities (those with more than 10 million inhabitants) will be overwhelmed with burgeoning slums and environmental problems. • Cities are now home to half of the world's 6.6 billion humans. • By 2030, nearly 5 billion people will live in cities. • However, no very precise definition (number of people, type of activity, density, …)

Part 1: HOUSING AN INCREASINGLY URBANIZED WORLD: SUSTAINABLE?

Part 1: HOUSING AN INCREASINGLY URBANIZED WORLD: SUSTAINABLE? Han Verschure Jan 2009

Part 1: HOUSING AN INCREASINGLY URBANIZED WORLD: SUSTAINABLE? Cities of hope, cities of despair? Han Verschure Jan 2009

Part 1: HOUSING AN INCREASINGLY URBANIZED WORLD: SUSTAINABLE? Cities engines of growth? Han Verschure Jan 2009

Part 1: HOUSING AN INCREASINGLY URBANIZED WORLD: SUSTAINABLE? Energy, construction and regions Europe Buildings sector: 41-42% of energy consumption =========(transport = 30%) produce about 35% of all greenhouse emissions. Developing countries: 79 % of the world's population use 30-35% of global energy. The annual rate of growth in energy consumption in the developing countries is 3-4 times higher than in industrialised countries (mostly in Asia) Worldwide:some 2 billion people are currently without electricity. • Environmental impact of human population • Year 2000 • Same amount of resources consumed by the average person in developing countries, (or the amount of waste and pollutants): • 4.7 billion people in developing countries, • 19 billion people as population-equivalent of industrialised countries http://europa.eu/scadplus/leg/en/lvb/r12008.htm http://www.buildingsplatform.org http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/leadmarket/leadmarket.htm http://www.solarenergy.org/resources/energyfacts.html http://www.southcentre.org (U.S. Department of Energy) Han Verschure Jan 2009

Part 1: HOUSING AN INCREASINGLY URBANIZED WORLD: SUSTAINABLE? But… Han Verschure Jan 2009

Part 1: HOUSING AN INCREASINGLY URBANIZED WORLD: SUSTAINABLE? cities of production and consumption, of heritage, of social opportunities; market towns, urban villages; cities of conflict, of culture, of power; cities of formality/informality; large, medium, small towns; boom towns, instant cities, declining cities, ….. Han Verschure Jan 2009

1AD 1800 1900 2000 Part 1: HOUSING AN INCREASINGLY URBANIZED WORLD: SUSTAINABLE? Han Verschure Jan 2009

Part 1: HOUSING AN INCREASINGLY URBANIZED WORLD: SUSTAINABLE? Problematic situations Han Verschure Jan 2009

Part 1: HOUSING AN INCREASINGLY URBANIZED WORLD: SUSTAINABLE? Slums Han Verschure Jan 2009

Part 1: HOUSING AN INCREASINGLY URBANIZED WORLD: SUSTAINABLE? Slums? Han Verschure Jan 2009

Part 1: HOUSING AN INCREASINGLY URBANIZED WORLD: SUSTAINABLE? Sustainable? Han Verschure Jan 2009

Part 1: HOUSING AN INCREASINGLY URBANIZED WORLD: SUSTAINABLE? Poverty and Exclusion Han Verschure Jan 2009

Part 1: HOUSING AN INCREASINGLY URBANIZED WORLD: SUSTAINABLE? Poverty and Wealth? Han Verschure Jan 2009

Part 1: HOUSING AN INCREASINGLY URBANIZED WORLD: SUSTAINABLE? Hazards Han Verschure Jan 2009

Part 1: HOUSING AN INCREASINGLY URBANIZED WORLD: SUSTAINABLE? Future Hazards? Han Verschure Jan 2009

Part 1: HOUSING AN INCREASINGLY URBANIZED WORLD: SUSTAINABLE? Man-made disasters : Wars, Displaced people, Refugees Han Verschure Jan 2009

2- SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IS SEEKING NEW BALANCES AND NECESSITATES PARADIGM SHIFTS Han Verschure Jan 2009

2- SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IS SEEKING NEW BALANCES AND NECESSITATES PARADIGM SHIFTS “Sustainable development is development that meets the need for the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs” (Brundtland, 1987) Han Verschure Jan 2009

2- SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IS SEEKING NEW BALANCES AND NECESSITATES PARADIGM SHIFTS “ There is enough for everyone’s need, not for everyone’s greed” (Kofi Annan) “ We don’t own the earth, but we borrow it from our children” (Indian saying) Han Verschure Jan 2009

2- SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IS SEEKING NEW BALANCES AND NECESSITATES PARADIGM SHIFTS “ We have only one Earth in which to make the Home of Man” (Barbara Ward) Han Verschure Jan 2009

2- SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IS SEEKING NEW BALANCES AND NECESSITATES PARADIGM SHIFTS Limits to Growth Han Verschure Jan 2009

2- SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IS SEEKING NEW BALANCES AND NECESSITATES PARADIGM SHIFTS Growth and Decline Han Verschure Jan 2009

2- SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IS SEEKING NEW BALANCES AND NECESSITATES PARADIGM SHIFTS Growth vs. Quality Han Verschure Jan 2009

2- SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IS SEEKING NEW BALANCES AND NECESSITATES PARADIGM SHIFTS Gap Between Rich and Poor Widening IS THERE A REAL WILL TO MOVE BEYOND THE SLOGANS? What about fighting excessive wealth? Han Verschure Jan 2009

2- SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IS SEEKING NEW BALANCES AND NECESSITATES PARADIGM SHIFTS Poor Area Developed Area Han Verschure Jan 2009

SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT: A CHALLENGE