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Prepared for Art in the Classroom Chatham Park Elementary Fourth Grade March 2009

RAPHAEL. Prepared for Art in the Classroom Chatham Park Elementary Fourth Grade March 2009. RAPHAEL (1483 – 1520). Raphael Sanzio was born in Urbino, Italy. His mother died when he was young. Raphael received his early training from his talented father, who died when he was only 11.

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Prepared for Art in the Classroom Chatham Park Elementary Fourth Grade March 2009

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  1. RAPHAEL Prepared for Art in the ClassroomChatham Park ElementaryFourth GradeMarch 2009

  2. RAPHAEL(1483 – 1520) Raphael Sanzio was born in Urbino, Italy. His mother died when he was young. Raphael received his early training from his talented father, who died when he was only 11. Around the age of 17, he became an apprentice to the famous artist, Pietro Perugino. Between the ages of 17 to 20, he painted some of his finest early works. Self Portrait (1504 – 1506)

  3. His early works remained faithful to the Perugino school. The paintings were clearly organized and avoided too much detail. He painted many portraits and Madonnas. His characters, especially the Madonna had soft, round features which expressed the feeling of being calm. Madonna of the Grand Duke (1505)

  4. He was best known for his paintings of the Madonna – Mary and the baby Jesus. More than forty of these painting exist today, each is different from the others, by composition, setting and clothing. In many of these paintings Mary and baby Jesus have halos (a circle of light) above their heads. Madonna Conestabile (1504) Madonna Terranuova (1504 – 1505)

  5. A few examples of his portraits: Saint Sebastian (1501 – 1502) Portrait of a man (1502)

  6. Portrait of Perugino (1504) Portrait of Maddalena Doni (1506)

  7. He used the technique of perspective for his backgrounds. The use of perspective was a feature which spread during the Renaissance These paintings also show action in the subject. Vision of Knight (1504) Saint George and the Dragon (1504)

  8. This masterpiece combines portraits with landscape and architectural painting. The artist uses a perspective background to move our eyes from the marriage party, to the figures grouped in the middle distance, to the central flight of steps and raises our eyes up the symmetrical columns to the graceful dome surrounded by the clear blue sky. In the marriage group, Mary graciously receives the ring from Joseph, who is depicted barefoot in accordance with the custom of oath- taking ceremonies at that time. In contrast to the calm figures of the main group, one young man in the foreground is shown in motion, angered at his failure to win Mary. He is breaking a dead stick over his knee. The marriage of the Virgin (1504 )

  9. Self Portrait with a friend (1519) When he was 21, the young artist moved to Florence, Italy the art capital of Europe at that time. There he met with and studied the works of Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo and other masters of the arts of painting and sculpture. Around the age of 26, he was recognized as one of Italy’s most important creative artists. The young painter adopted the artistic innovations of his elder colleagues in particular those of Leonardo and Michelangelo and combined them with his own. He became popular with Popes, merchants and the people.

  10. Saint Catherine of Alexandria (1507) He was classified as a High Renaissance style artist. The high Renaissance was the end of the artistic developments of the early Renaissance. The important feature of this artistic style was the grace and ease of manner in which the characters were painted. The most complex details were made to appear effortless and unforced. The medium was mostly oil paint on canvas or panel and frescoes. It was one of the great explosions of the creative genius in history. This period is notable for the three greatest artists in history – Michelangelo, Raphael and Leonardo da Vinci.

  11. School of Athens (1510 - 1512) - Fresco In 1508 he moved to Rome, Italy. There he was commissioned by Pope Julius II, to fresco his private library at the Vatican palace. This was a much larger and more complex commission than any he had received before. This was regarded as his greatest masterpiece, containing a sequence of three rooms, each with paintings on each wall and sometimes the ceiling. The fresco below, called the School of Athens contains many great philosophers, mathematicians and scholars who lived during different ages of Greek history.

  12. School of Athens (1510 - 1512) – Fresco detail Fresco is a method of painting with powdered pigments as the medium by mixing them with water and applying them to a wall or ceiling. This masterpiece shows every character in action or contemplation. Raphael used the faces of his teachers, friends and fellow artists as models for this famous masterpiece. The bracketed names are the contemporary characters from whom Raphael is thought to have painted his fresco. 1. Zeno of Citium or Zeno of Elea, 2. Epicurus, 3. Federico II of Mantua, 4. Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius or Anaximander or Empedocles, 5. Averroes, 6. Pythagoras, 7. Alexander the Great, 8. Antisthenes or Xenophon, 9. Hypatia (Francesco Maria dellaRovere), 10. Aeschines or Xenophon, 11. Parmenides, 12. Socrates, 13. Heraclitus (Michelangelo), 14. Plato (Leonardo da Vinci), 15. Aristotle, 16. Diogenes of Sinope, 17. Plotinus, 18. Archimedes (Bramante), 19. Strabo or Zoroaster (Baldassare Castiglione), 20 Ptolemy, R. Apelles (Raphael), 21. Protogenes (Perugino)

  13. Plato & Aristotle Raphael brought Plato back to life in this painting by giving him the features of his fellow artist Leonardo da Vinci. The gesture which they are making is symbolic in meaning. Plato is pointing to the source of higher inspiration. Aristotle has his hand pointing downwards, towards the starting point of all natural sciences. Plato – Greek philosopher & mathematician (Socrates’s student) Aristotle – Greek philosopher (Plato’s student). His teachings cover the science, arts, politics and much more. Archimedes the famous Greek mathematician was painted here giving him the features of Bramante, Raphael’s teacher and friend. Archimedes – Greek mathematician, physicist, engineer, inventor and astronomer. Archimedes with students School of Athens (1510 - 1512) – Fresco detail

  14. Alexander the Great – Great Greek king (Aristotle’s student). Raphael and his artist friend Sodoma as students in this imaginary school Pythagoras – Greek mathematician, philosopher and scientist. School of Athens (1510 - 1512) – Fresco detail

  15. Portrait of Pope Julius II (1511 – 1512) Although the Vatican projects took most of his time, he did several other works. Raphael was a master of many subjects – archeology, poetry, history and painting. He also achieved fame as an architect. He ran a very efficient workshop with more than fifty students.

  16. The sistine Madonna (1512 – 1514) Portrait of a cardinal (1510 – 1512)

  17. Portrait of Bindo Altoviti (1515) Portrait of Baldassare Castiglione (1515)

  18. His brief useful life was spent creating magnificent works in painting and architecture that earned him immortality. He died on his 37th birthday. Portrait of a woman (1515)

  19. THE PROJECT: To create a mural inspired by Raphael’s TheSchool of Athens fresco. Each child created a posture of themselves in action or contemplation. For example: kicking a soccer ball, playing baseball, dancing, thinking, looking at a flower etc.. The figures were drawn on white paper, outlined with black marker and colored with crayons. The figures were cut out. The cut outs were mounted on a solid color background to create a mural.

  20. TheSchool of Athens (1510 – 1512) detail

  21. PROJECT EXAMPLE: SCHOOL OF CHATHAM - 4 Hardy Inspired by: School of Athens - by Raphael

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