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학술커뮤니케이션의 미래 { 기초과학분야를 중심으로 }

학술커뮤니케이션의 미래 { 기초과학분야를 중심으로 }. 서울대학교 기초과학학술정보센터 물리학연구정보센터 물리학부 민동필. 목차. I. 학술정보의 현황 - 국내외 전문학술지 , - 국내 학술정보의 현황 , - arXiv(preprint), II. arXiv 출현과 기존 학술지 와의 관계 - 새로운 archive 의 필요성 , 형태 III. 학술정보 공유의 미래. 참고문헌.

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학술커뮤니케이션의 미래 { 기초과학분야를 중심으로 }

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  1. 학술커뮤니케이션의미래{기초과학분야를중심으로}학술커뮤니케이션의미래{기초과학분야를중심으로} 서울대학교기초과학학술정보센터 물리학연구정보센터 물리학부민동필

  2. 목차 I. 학술정보의현황 - 국내외전문학술지, - 국내학술정보의현황, - arXiv(preprint), II. arXiv 출현과 기존학술지와의 관계 - 새로운 archive의필요성, 형태 III. 학술정보공유의미래

  3. 참고문헌 [1] P. Ginsparg, “First Steps towards Electronic Research Communication”,http://arXiv.org/blurb/. [2] S. Bachrach et al., “Who Should 'Own' Scientific Papers?”, Science, Volume 281, Number 5382, Issue of 4 Sep 1998, pp. 1459-1460 . [3] 물리학연구정보센터 (ICPR), http://icpr.snu.ac.kr. [4] P. Ginsparg, “Creating a global knowledge network”, http://arxiv.org/blurb/pg01unesco.html. [5] J. Yu, “e-Print 서버활용을통한국내학술연구정보공동활용”

  4. 관련싸이트 1. European Physical Society PhysNet worldwide Physics Department network 2. SLAC maintains the SPIRES-HEP preprint index, FreeHEP, and top-cited e-prints 3. The Internet Pilot To Physics (TIPTOP) 4. Physics section at Yahoo 5. American Physical Society at aps.org, APS e-print archive workshop (Los Alamos, Oct. 14-15, 1994; see also edifying after dinner remarks [PG, no pizza]), and Report of the APS task force on electronic information systems (1991) 6. Economics working papers 7. Particle Data Group at LBL 8. astrophysics abstracts and Nasa technical reports 9. High Energy Physics Information Center (HEPIC) (기타: American Mathematical Society at ams.org and Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics at siam.org, The White House, the Pentagon, the FBI, the CIA, the ITP, the IRS, the NSF, and DOE./)

  5. I. 학술정보현황

  6. 세계논문출판현황(1) - SCI등재 물리/생물/화학 분야별논문출판수 (2003년기준) • - 상세 카테고리 – • Physics :ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS; OPTICS; PHYSICS, APPLIED; PHYSICS, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR & CHEMICAL; PHYSICS, CONDENSED MATTER; PHYSICS, FLUIDS & PLASMAS; PHYSICS, MATHEMATICAL; PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY; PHYSICS, NUCLEAR; PHYSICS, PARTICLES & FIELDS • Biology : BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS ; BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY ; BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ; BIOLOGY ; BIOPHYSICS ; BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED ICROBIOLOGY ; CELL BIOLOGY ; DERMATOLOGY ; MICROBIOLOGY • Chemistry : CHEMISTRY,ANALYTICAL; CHEMISTRY,APPLIED; CHEMISTRY,INORGANIC & NUCLEAR; CHEMISTRY,MEDICINAL; CHEMISTRY,MULTIDISCIPLINARY; CHEMISTRY, ORGANIC; CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

  7. 세계논문출판현황(2) - 물리 분야별논문출판수 (2003년기준) • 카테고리 별 저널 및 논문은 중복하여 산출되므로 카테고리 별 합이 분야 별 합보다 클 수 있음

  8. - 논문출판심사기간

  9. 국내학술정보현황 - 학술지 현황 - SCI 등재 저널 : 24 - 전자화 정도 : 40% ~ 45% (한국학술정보원 추정치) - 자연과학분야별 정보화 수준

  10. 최근5년간세계전체대비우리나라논문수(1) (단위:편수) “2001 SCI DB분석을통한과학기술분야연구실적분석연구” , 과학기술부.

  11. 최근5년간세계전체대비우리나라논문수(2) (단위:편수) “2001 SCI DB분석을통한과학기술분야연구실적분석연구” , 과학기술부.

  12. 최근5년간세계전체대비우리나라논문수(3)

  13. SCI등재논문 – 국내 저널 LIST 총 : 24 개 (2003 기준) • JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY • METALS AND MATERIALS INTERNATIONAL • STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING AND MECHANICS • POLYMER-KOREA • EXPERIMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE • JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY • ETRI JOURNAL • KOREAN JOURNAL OF GENETICS • JOURNAL OF CERAMIC PROCESSING RESEARCH • JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKS • KOREAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY • WIND AND STRUCTURES • MACROMOLECULAR RESEARCH • KOREA POLYMER JOURNAL 출처 : http://isi4.isiknowledge.com/portal.cgi/jcr

  14. II. arXiv 출현과 기존학술지와의 관계

  15. arXiv.org -- 네트워크정보공유의새로운모델

  16. arXiv 서버의발전배경 • “e-print archive”의시작 • 1991년에처음e-mail archive 방식으로처음시작 • P. Ginsparg 박사 (미국Los Alamos National Lab) • 동기 • 기존학술저널: • 논문접수에서출판까지 6개월에서 1년까지의기간이소요 • 논문심사, 출판그리고배포에소요되는막대한비용 • “e-print archive”: • 논문접수, 저장, 배포등의과정을완전자동화하여새로운학술정보공유환경을제공

  17. Hierarchy of per article costs and revenues (log scale) Source: http://arxiv.org/blurb/pg01unesco.html

  18. arXiv.org -- 초기모델 • 1991년“e-mail archive server” • e-mail address: hep-th@xxx.lanl.gov • 필수작업의완전자동화 • 논문정보공유을위한필수적인작업 • 논문제출, 저장, 검색, 회수 • hep-th : 고에너지물리학이론 (high energy physics -- theory) 분야를지칭(200명대상) • 예비논문 (preprint)를이용한학술정보교환이활성화 • 인터넷을이용한전자출판물 (electronic publication)의교환분위기확산

  19. 전체논문수의분야별분포 (91.8 – 03.12: 약 260,000 편) • 고에너지물리(hep): 31.9% • 응집물질물리(cond-mat): 19.1% • 천체물리(astro-ph): 18.4% • 수학+수리물리 (math(+math-ph)): 10.9%, • 양자물리(quant-ph): 4.6% • 기타: gr-qc: 4.4%, • nucl: 4.0%, physics(other):2.8%, nlin:2.4%, cs: 1.4%, q-bio:0.1%

  20. 비교대상: Some electronic journals (physics) • ･ American Physical Society journals (direct submissions from arXiv) • ･ Institute of Physics (UK) journals (direct submissions from arXiv) • ･ Nuclear Physics Electronic (Elsevier) • ･ EIPL Particle Physics (electronic information and alerting service) • ･ JHEP - Journal of High Energy Physics (direct submissions from arXiv) • ･ Advances in Theoretical and Mathematical Physics • ･ The Electronic ApJ • ･ Mathematical Physics Electronic Journal • ･ Online Journal Publishing Service of the American Institute of Physics • ･ Living Reviews in Relativity

  21. 편의성: Submission방법･ • Registration (see also The Endorsement System, Authority Records)･ • To Submit a Paper･ • To Replace a Paper･ • To Withdraw a Paper･ • To Add a Journal-ref･ • To Crosslist a Paper･ • The User-ID/Password System･ • Oversized Submissions

  22. 국가별통계 All arXiv Submissions '00-'03 • edu = US Educational (24.7%) 14022: • de = Germany (10.1%) 8899: • it = Italy (6.4%) 8212: • uk = United Kingdom (5.9%) 8065: • jp = Japan (5.8%) 7599: • fr = France (5.5%) 4543: • ru = Russian Federation (3.3%) 4164: • gov = US Government (3.0%) 3664: • ch = Switzerland (2.6%) 3614: • es = Spain (2.6%) 3207: • in = India (2.3%) 3056: • ca = Canada (2.2%) 2993: • br = Brazil (2.1%) 2711: • cn = China (1.9%) 2346: • il = Israel (1.7%) 2319: • nl = Netherlands (1.7%) 2111: • pl = Poland (1.5%) 1900: • au = Australia (1.4%) 1376: • se = Sweden (1.0%) 1360: • kr = South Korea (1.0%) 1193: • be = Belgium (0.9%) 1152: • org = Non-Profit (0.8%) 1114: • mx = Mexico (0.8%) 1106: • com = US Commercial (0.8%) 954: • at = Austria (0.7%) 929: • su = Soviet Union (0.7%) 919: • dk = Denmark (0.7%)

  23. hep Submissions '00-'0334867 • 7378: edu = US Educational (21.2%) • 3789: de = Germany (10.9%) • 2599: jp = Japan (7.5%) • 2341: it = Italy (6.7%) • 2029: ch = Switzerland (5.8%) • 1927: uk = United Kingdom (5.5%) • 1361: ru = Russian Federation (3.9%) • 1180: fr = France (3.4%) • 1142: gov = US Government (3.3%) • 918: cn = China (2.6%) • 900: br = Brazil (2.6%) • 818: es = Spain (2.3%) • 772: in = India (2.2%) • 722: ca = Canada (2.1%) • 607: kr = South Korea (1.7%)

  24. cond-mat '00-'0329192 6156: edu = US Educational (21.1%) 3680: de = Germany (12.6%) 2182: jp = Japan (7.5%) 2084: fr = France (7.1%) 1697: it = Italy (5.8%) 1329: uk = United Kingdom (4.6%) 918: gov = US Government (3.1%) 832: es = Spain (2.9%) 826: ru = Russian Federation (2.8%) 780: in = India (2.7%) 751: br = Brazil (2.6%) 657: il = Israel (2.3%) 588: ch = Switzerland (2.0%) 587: nl = Netherlands (2.0%) 488: ca = Canada (1.7%) 455: pl = Poland (1.6%) 450: cn = China (1.5%) 335: kr = South Korea (1.1%) 317: se = Sweden (1.1%)

  25. astro-ph Submissions '00-'03 9082: edu = US Educational (32.3%) 2646: uk = United Kingdom (9.4%) 2317: it = Italy (8.3%) 2246: de = Germany (8.0%) 1341: fr = France (4.8%) 1211: jp = Japan (4.3%) 829: gov = US Government (3.0%) 720: nl = Netherlands (2.6%) 696: es = Spain (2.5%) 587: org = Non-Profit (2.1%) 585: ca = Canada (2.1%) 552: au = Australia (2.0%) 526: ru = Russian Federation (1.9%) • 481: in = India (1.7%) • 390: pl = Poland (1.4%) • 388: ch = Switzerland (1.4%) • 342: cn = China (1.2%) • 341: il = Israel (1.2%) • 317: br = Brazil (1.1%) • 290: mx = Mexico (1.0%) • 243: dk = Denmark (0.9%) • 222: se = Sweden (0.8%) • 158: kr = South Korea (0.6%)

  26. Submission Modes since opening of web.

  27. 물리학연구정보센터 (ICPR)의arXiv Mirror 현황 • 물리학연구정보센터 (ICPR)는“e-print archive”의 중요성을인식 • 1996년부터arXiv.org의mirror:http://kr.arxiv.org

  28. arXiv.org 현황 - 70 countries 35,000 persons - 70,000 article-downloads per day - 물리학, 수학, 비선형과학, 컴퓨터과학, 정량적생물학등다양한분야를취급 - 18 mirror sites

  29. 물리학연구정보센터kr.arXiv.org운영현황 • “e-print archive”는회원제로운영 • 모든사람에게개방 • 압도적으로많은이용률 • 물리학연구자전체의높은 인지도 • 논문의수가증가할수록이용도급증 • 국내물리학자거의대다수가 접속

  30. kr.arXiv.or – 2004/1~4 접속통계 [2003.09 ~ 2004.04] [2001.09 ~ 2004.04]

  31. arXiv.org -- 출범의배경 • “e-print archive (예비논문서고)”의생성의핵심요인 • 예비논문 (preprint)를이용한학술정보교환이활성화 • 인터넷을이용한전자출판물 (electronic publication)의 • 교환분위기확산 • 1980년대컴퓨터하드웨어와소프트웨어의급격한발전 • TeX/LaTeX (D. E. Knuth 박사, 미국 Stanford 대) • PostScript 언어를이용한그림 • ASCII code –당시 e-mail을통해전달가능 • 인터넷연결의저변확대 • on-line archive 사용을위한소프트웨어와저장기기

  32. III. 새로운학술지시대개막

  33. arXiv 서버와기존학술지관계 • 당시학술저널출판계 • “e-print archive”와같은새로운형태의학술정보교환에뒤늦은대응 • 인터넷기술에의한변화에적응미흡 • “e-print archive”의주목적 • 전자논문 (electronic publication) 또는전자문서형태의정보를DB화 • WAIS (Wide Area Information System) 형식으로논문을검색 • “e-print archive”는점차새로운형태의전자저널로발전 • 기존의학술저널과의관계에대한새로운해석이요구

  34. 기존학술지와의문제 • 인쇄물이없이인터넷으로만접속해볼수있는논문저널의탄생: • JHEP (Journal of High Energy Physics) • 기존의인쇄물학술지와“e-print archive”의방식을혼합하여운영 • “e-print archive”데이터베이스에논문을저장함과동시에논문심사를진행 • 신속한출판, 인터넷의정보공유의장점동시추구 • 논문발표인정여부논란 • 연구비지원기관또는저자 • “e-print archive”를기존의학술저널과 동등하게인정? • 향후학술연구의방향에대한 심각한논의

  35. 논문예비본서고종합(“e-print archive”) • 출판이전의논문으로신속한정보습득 • 전세계에서매일 90여편의새로운연구논문등록 • 다른유명Database와의호환으로논문인용정보상세제공 • 세분화된주제분류로검색용이 • 논문의다운로드와등록이누구나가능, 무료 • 전문이TeX / PS / PDF 등의다양한형태로제공됨 • 서버구성 : Dual CPU / Ultra2 Scsi Hard Disk / 100Mbps 네트워크

  36. 학술연구정보공유의미래 • 과학계의전자출판작업 • 새로운컴퓨터기술의발전을최대한이용 • 발전적인과학연구정보의공유를실현 • “인쇄출판”작업의단순복사는지양 • 연구정보공유를위한지식네트워크의활용에초점 • 향후발전방향 • 문서형식 • TeX/LaTeX, PostScript, PDF, 또는Word 형식이아닌새로운형태 • 정보제공, 검색, 분배기술 • 정보저장, 공유, 검색기술의발달 • 저장:“e-print archive”등database • 공유:APS, JHEP, ... 등publisher, society • 검색:google, SIS... 등search engine

  37. Roles of New Journals - pre-print/information 의신속한확산 - 소분야들의넓은집합(타저널보다넓은집합) - 논문보급의용이성(순식간에전세계에보급); 2천만 download(2002년)=편당 300번 - 저렴한비용; 총비용 100원/편 - 저장/보관/색인의용이/영구성

  38. 과학연구분야의특징 • 각연구자가독자, 저자, 심사위원, 편집위원, 학회조직위원, 학술대회조직위원,… 하지만, 학술지출판사의출판업무에관여안함. • 인터넷의보급과색인과정의효율상승으로 학술지의전통적역할변화 새로운역할정립이요구됨 연구자에게이상적인새로운정보교류 환경의미래를구성할기회가부여됨

  39. 새로운형태의학술정보교환매체등장필요성 • 종전의제작, 보급, 보관의단점을극복 • 연구비의효율적사용조성 • 저자/독자쌍방의이익극대화 • 지식의확산, 대화촉진 • 학문적명성과경력에도유용 = arXiv 고려대상으로대두될사항: Citation • 논문에대한심사과정의필요성 국제화 • 국가별연구촉진정책에대한적응 지식의보호 • 경제성과연관된지식의보호 • 교육목적과의조화로운확장성 확장성 = arXiv • 연구의저작권

  40. Thank you

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