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Control of Diabetes Through Diet

This video provides a simple introduction to diabetes, its symptoms, and the recommended diet plan for managing the condition. It also discusses low, high, and normal blood sugar ranges, as well as the different types of medication and their effects. The video concludes with important references to authentic sources.

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Control of Diabetes Through Diet

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  1. Control of Diabetes Through Diet Video By: SALMAN MUHAMMAD IAGS, University Of The Punjab salmnfst17@gmail.com

  2. Requirements: • 1) Make Video in Simple Urdu 2) Brief Introduction of Diabetes 3) Symptoms4) Low, High and Normal Range 5) Recommended Medicines 6) Diet Plan (Can Explain Through Figures, Charts etc.)7) Conclusion8) References (Authentic)

  3. 1.Introduction • Diabetes is a lifelong condition characterized by high blood sugar resulting from: • Lack or insufcient production of insulin (Type 1) • Insulin resistance (inaction) (Type 2) • Both

  4. 2. Symptoms2.2 Type 1 • Some of the most noticeable and most common symptoms of type 1 diabetes are: • Excessive thirst • Unusually high levels of urination • Feeling tired all the time • Loss of muscular bulk and unexplained weight loss • The main symptoms of type 1 diabetes are often referred to as the 4Ts of type 1 diabetes.

  5. Other symptoms which may accompany the above symptoms are: • Itchiness around the penis or vagina • Blurring of vision (caused by dryness of the eyes) • Unexpected cramping • Skin infections • Emergency diabetes symptoms • Seek urgent medical attention if diabetes symptoms combine with any of the following: • A serious loss of appetite • Nausea and vomiting • A temperature • Pains in the stomach • A fruity, chemical smell on the breath (most often likened to pear drops or nail varnish)

  6. 2.2 Type 2 Diabetes • Type 2 diabetes is a lifelong condition. Once symptoms of diabetes have developed into the condition, the body will then be unable to regulate the amount of glucose in the blood.

  7. 2.2 Type 2 diabetes • Feeling tired during the day, particularly after meals (fatigue) • Often feeling hungry, particularly if you feel hungry shortly after eating (polyphagia) • Urinating more often than normal, particular needing to do so during the night (polyuria) • Feeling abnormally thirsty (polydipsia) • Blurred vision • Itching of the skin, particularly itchiness around the genitals (genital itchiness) • Slow healing of cuts or wounds • Having regular yeast infections (thrush) • Having a skin disorder such as psoriasis or acanthosisnigricans • Sudden weight loss or loss of muscle mass

  8. 3.0 Low, Medium and High

  9. 4.0 MEDICATION

  10. When to go for medication • In the initial stage = exercise and good diet • Medicines that assist insulin and related metabolism • Insulin Injection

  11. Some commonly used Medicines

  12. 1.Sulphonylureas • 2.Biguanides  • 3.Alpha glusidase inhibitors:  • 4. Thiozolidinediones • 5. Incretinmimetics •  6.Aspirin

  13. Insulin Types of insulins according to mode of action

  14. Rapid Acting • Action Start = 5-10min , Peak = 1 hr, Total Action Time = 2 hr • lispro, aspart and glulisine insulin • Short Acting • Action Start = 25-30min , Peak = 2 hr, Total Action Time = 5-6 hr • Regular human insulin • Intermediate Acting • Action Start = 2-4 hr, Peak = 4-12 hr, Total Action Time = 12-18 hr • NPH insulin • Long Acting • Action Start = 6-10 hr, Peak = Nill, Total Action Time = 20-24/36 hr • Glargine and detemir

  15. 5.0 Dietary Aim • Ensuring weight control • Providing nutritional requirements • Allowing good glycaemic control with blood glucose levels as close to normal as possible • Correcting any associated blood lipid abnormalities • Ensuring consistency and compatibility with other forms of treatment if used, for example oral agents or insulin.

  16. Diet Planning for Diabetes Major Nutrients Minor Nutrients Vitamins Minerals • Carbohydrates • Protein • Fats All Nutrients should be taken in a balanced way

  17. FAT Protein 10-15% total energy (0.8-1 g/kg of desirable body weight Both animal and plant source Can be increased for children and pregnant women • 25-35% of total energy • Saturated Fat =/< 10% • Cholestrol =/< 300 mg

  18. Diet Planning for Diabetes • Carbohydrates: • 50-60% of total caloric content • Traditionally recommended that carbohydrates should be complex and high in fibre • Salts: • Excessive salt intake is to be avoided. It should be particularly restricted in people withhypertension and those with nephropathy.

  19. Exercise: • Physical activity promotes weight reduction and improves insulin sensitivity, thus • lowering blood glucose levels

  20. Conclusion and references will be given in final slides • Proper diet, physical activity, on time diagnosis and treatment can make life easy with diabetes

  21. References • https://www.diabetes.co.uk/type1-diabetes-symptoms.html • https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/overview/preventing-problems/low-blood-glucose-hypoglycemia#hypoglycemia • https://www.diabetespakistan.com/ • https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diabetes • https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/diabetes/type-1-diabetes

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