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Review of Fuel Tank Flammability at Altitude Work

Review of Fuel Tank Flammability at Altitude Work. International Aircraft Systems Fire Protection Working Group December 11, 2000. Goals. To determine the oxygen concentration needed to fully inert a fuel tank at different altitudes

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Review of Fuel Tank Flammability at Altitude Work

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  1. Review of Fuel Tank Flammability at Altitude Work International Aircraft Systems Fire Protection Working Group December 11, 2000

  2. Goals • To determine the oxygen concentration needed to fully inert a fuel tank at different altitudes • To quantify the difference in severity of the fuel tank ignitions, both at altitude and reduced oxygen concentration

  3. Experimental Apparatus • 9 ft3 fuel tank placed within 10 m3 pressure chamber • Heater placed on bottom of tank • Vacuum pump used to evacuate chamber to simulate desired altitude • 13 thermocouples – fuel, ullage, walls & floor • Dynamic Pressure Transducer (piezoelectric) • Analyzers – HC (2 ports) & O2

  4. Test Program • Preliminary Methane Tests • Determine LFL of Methane at Sea Level and compare to numbers cited in literature • Determine oxygen concentration needed to fully inert a fuel tank at: • Altitudes ranging from 0 – 40 kft & corresponding temps • Several different mass loadings & FARs

  5. Results to Date • Preliminary Methane Tests: • LFL determined to be ~5.3% compared to 5.2% cited in references • Sea Level Jet-A Tests: • Mass loading of 4.45 kg/m3 & liquid fuel temperature of 150°F • O2 concentration of 12 to 12.5% needed to fully inert • No pressure readings obtained

  6. Recent Progress • Installed new AMKO Systems, Inc. HC analyzer • Received dynamic pressure transducer from PCB Piezotronics • Resolved noise and data acquisition software issues

  7. Future Plans • Replicate sea level tests with pressure instrumentation installed and new HC analyzer • Continue on with altitude tests Please forward all comments & questions to: Steven.Summer@tc.faa.gov

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