Stem Cell Research

1. Stem Cell Research By: Jordyn McFadden Becca Hill, & Kilee Hanes

2. Get ready for a Quiz at the end! • All Pictures are from Google images!

3. Defining Stem Cell research • Stem cells are blank cells that are found in the human body that have good potential to develop into a lot of different cell types that end up carrying out different functions. • They are distinguished have two important characteristics first they are unspecialized cells that are capable to renew themselves through cell division. • Second, under many certain experimental conditions they can be induced to become tissue or organ specific cells with a special functions, In some experimental conditions.

4. Potential uses for stem cells • There are many areas in medicine in which stem cell research can have a significant impact. For example, diseases or injuries destroy many cells or tissue. Stem cell can not only make new tissues in many cases, but you also cure the disease.

5. A better understanding • Why scientist use the stem cell research is for not only them but other people to gain a better understanding of how the genetics work in the early stages of cell development.

6. Embryonic Stem cells • Embryonic Cells- are capable to make different types of body cells • They are derived from embryos that develop from eggs that have been fertilized in vitro. • In a vitro fertilization clinic it is donated for research purposes with informed consent of the donors.

7. Adult stem cells • Adult stem cells form differently which can be induced to become other types of tissue cells. Can be less flexible than the embryonic cells though. • The primary roles of adult stem cells in a living organism are to maintain and repair the tissue in which they are found. • Many scientists also use the somatic stem cell where it refers to the cells of the body

8. The social perspective of stem cell research

9. Two concerns for both sides: • How and where the technique will be used. • Apprehensions about the techniques.

10. Peoples opinions for the research • Helps treat numerous medical problems • Have the possibility of finding cures for certain disease • Ex. Alzheimer's, Parkinson's type 1diabetes, heart disease, Stroke, spinal cord injuries, congenital defects. • Can also repair or replace damaged organs • Lessens risk during a transplantation • Could even find a cure for cancer one day

11. Peoples opinions against the research • Have more to do with ethics and religion • Example of some of the main disputes are- • Belief that it is a sin against their religion • Imposing on mother nature • Humans shouldn’t be experimented on • Fear of human clones • Aborted fetuses and unethical and the research may cause abortion to seem like a good alternative

12. Stem cell research public opinion poll

13. Video • http://mediamatters.org/research/200706210016

14. Stem cell research Laws

15. What did the federal law think? • There was never a federal law that banned stem cell research in the U.S. • It only placed restrictions on funding and use under congress’s power to spend

16. George’s policy • In February 2001, George W. Bush requested a review of the NIH’s guidelines. • He then had a policy discussion with many of his supporters to make a policy to limit the number of embryonic stem cell lines that could later be used for research

17. The house of representatives • The house of representatives voted 238-194 to loosen the limitations on federally funded embryonic stem cell research. • Them then being able to use government funded research on surplus frozen embryos from in vitro fertilization clinics to be used for stem cell research with the permission of the donors

18. The senate • On July 18, 2006 the senate had passed three different bills concerning stem cell research. • It was to be passed to make it legal for the federal government to spend federal money on the stem cells • The second bill made it illegal to create, grow, and abort fetuses for research purposes • The third bill encouraged research that would isolate the different stem cells without the destruction of human embryos

19. New Jersey Legislature • In December 2003 a bill was passed by the New Jersey legislature that permits human cloning for the purposes of developing and harvesting human stem cells. • Mainly it legalizes the process of cloning a human embryo and implanting the clone into a womb, provided that the clone is then aborted and used for medical research.

20. The states that approve • Several states have shown interest in providing their own funding support of embryonic and adult stem cell research • The states that approve include: Connecticut, Florida, Illinois, Massachusetts, Missouri, New Hampshire, New York, Pennsylvania, Texas, Washington, and Wisconsin.

21. Questions • According to many studies, more people in the United States are against stem cell research than those who are for it. True or False? False

22. QUESTIONS • Where stem cells not come from? • A: Plant stems • B: Organs and tissues • C: Blood A: Plant stems

23. Questions • Which type of stem cells have a higher potency for curing most diseases? • A: Adult stem cells • B: Embryonic/fetal stem cells • C: Umbilical cord stem cells B: Embryonic stem cells

24. Question • What is not an opposing reason toward stem cell research? • A: Human Experimentation • B: Fear of clones • C: Easier transplants C: Easier Transplants

25. Sources • Aman, J. (n.d.). Stem Cell Research- The pros and cons debate. Retrieved from http://juanaaman.hubpages.com/hub/Stem-cell-research-The-Pros-and-cons-debate.CBS News. (2009, 02 11). Retrieved 05 22, 2012, from http://www.cbsnews.com/2100-18563_162-628171.html.Bedford Stem Cell Research Foundation. (n.d.). Retrieved 05 22, 2012, from http://www.bedfordresearch.org/stemcell/stemcell.php.Edinburgh, T. U. (n.d.). Social and Political Studies. Retrieved 05 22, 2012, from http://www.talkingstemcells.ed.ac.uk/index.php?action=ShowAll&id=12

26. Sources • Ehow. (n.d.). Retrieved 05 22, 2012, from http://www.ehow.com/facts_5562001_stem-cell-research-definition.html.Jack. (2011, September 19). Stem Cell Facts. Retrieved from http://www.stemcellfacts.net/stem-cell-research/stem-cell-research-pros-and-cons/.Message to media: Bush first to fund stem cell research. (2007, June 21). Retrieved from http://mediamatters.org/research/200706210016.Saad, L. (2006, July 20). Stem Cell Veto Contrary to Public Opinion. Retrieved from http://www.gallup.com/poll/23827/stem-cell-veto-contrary-public-opinion.aspx.