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Early Medieval Art 375-1066 A.D.

Early Medieval Art 375-1066 A.D. EC, Byzantine, Early Medieval= 5-10% of AP Art History Exam. Middle Ages consist of 3 periods. Early Medieval (5 th – 11 th centuries) Romanesque (11 th – 12 th centuries) Gothic (mid 12 th – 15 th centuries). Early Medieval Tribes. Germanic Franks

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Early Medieval Art 375-1066 A.D.

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  1. Early Medieval Art 375-1066 A.D. EC, Byzantine, Early Medieval= 5-10% of AP Art History Exam

  2. Middle Agesconsist of 3 periods • Early Medieval (5th – 11th centuries) • Romanesque (11th – 12th centuries) • Gothic (mid 12th – 15th centuries)

  3. Early Medieval Tribes • Germanic Franks • Visigoths • Ostrogoths • Saxons • Norse • Celts

  4. Purse Cover from Sutton Hoo Ship

  5. Animal-head post from Oseberg ship burial

  6. Durrow Gospels • Each has a carpet page • Each is meant to divide book Ink and tempera on parchment Tonsure hair style

  7. Lindisfarne Gospel

  8. Cross page from Lindisfarne

  9. Chi-Rho page from Book of Kells, 800 A.D.

  10. High Cross of Muiredach

  11. Carolingian Period (9th c) • Learning • Renovatio • Art • Portrait statues • 91/2”

  12. Palace Chapel of Charlemagne

  13. Model of Charlemagne's Palace

  14. St. Matthew, from the Gospel Book of Charlemagne

  15. St. Mark, from Gospel Book of Archbishop Ebbo of Reims

  16. Lindau Gospel: St Gall 9th c

  17. St Gall: St Gallen , Switzerland • St Gallus founded Benedictine • Abbey under an abbot • Follow regula sanctus benedictus • work and study not meditate • Raised the concept of manual labor • Scriptorium • Monasteries were the schools

  18. St Gall • Plan commissioned by Haito, bishop of Basel • Separate monks from laity • Cloister reserved for monks alone • Module of 2/1 for layout • Basilica with transcept;crossing square

  19. Ottonian Period (10th c) • Eastern end of Charlemagne’s empire after treaty of Verdun • Otto I crowned emperor of Rome • Held off Viking and Magyar advances • Christian church reorganized after great monastic reform of Ottonians

  20. Architecture • Built basilicas with towering spires and westwork • Best preserved is ST Cyriakus at Gernrode • Transcept, square choir in front of apse • Nave is first to incorporate gallery which seem to serve no function • Alternate support system with piers and columns

  21. St Cyrikias , Gernrode

  22. ST Michael’s Hildesheim • Bishop Bernwald=tutor of Otto III and builder • 1001-1031AD • Double transcept, tower groupings and westwork (some Roman basilicas had 2 apses and entrances on the side) • Modular system 3X1

  23. St. Michael’s, Hildesheim, Germany

  24. Section plan of St. Michael’s, Hildesheim, Germany • Visited Rome • 11th c abbey church • 1X2 ratio

  25. Hildesheim Doors

  26. 16’ high • 8 panels on each side • Bronze • Each door a single piece • Original sin to redemption • Early Christianity Old Testament seen as prefiguration of New

  27. Bishop Bernwald • 7 spiral bands • Life of Christ • Missing scenes from doors • Renovatio imperii Romani

  28. Gero Crucifix, Cologne(10th c) • Christ 6’2” • Patron archibishop Gero • Oak gilded • Reliquary (host in back of head) • Halo? • Byzantine or early Christian?

  29. UTA Codex • Patron was Uta abbess of Niedermunster • Uta brought reforms to convent • Near the end of her life gave the codes to nunnery. It contained illuminated pages with gospel readings in a gold and enamel case

  30. Uta is superimposed

  31. Anunciation to the Shepherds, 1002-1014 • Roman? or Byzantine?

  32. Otto III Enthroned Receiving Homage of four parts of the Empire, from Gospel Book of Otto III • 997-1000 AD

  33. Moses Receiving the Law & Doubting Thomas

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