1 / 25

Chapter 1 The Basics of Biology

Chapter 1 The Basics of Biology. What causes it to rain?. What causes lightning?. What causes a tornado?. 1-1 What is Science?. An organized approach to figuring out why something happens Make an observation Gathering data Experiment

ghita
Download Presentation

Chapter 1 The Basics of Biology

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Chapter 1The Basics of Biology

  2. What causes it to rain?

  3. What causes lightning?

  4. What causes a tornado?

  5. 1-1 What is Science? • An organized approach to figuring out why something happens • Make an observation • Gathering data • Experiment • Involves inference – a logical interpretation based on prior knowledge or experience

  6. The Bean • “No! The bean is not alive”. • “Yes, the bean is alive when you put it in soil”. • “Yes. The bean is alive in the bag”.

  7. 1-3 Studying Life • If Biology is the study of living things… how do we know what is living & what isn't?????

  8. Characteristics of Living Things • Respond to their environment • Made up of units called cells • Obtain & Use Energy • Grow & Develop • Reproduce • Based on a universal genetic code = DNA • Taken as a group, change over time • Maintain a stable internal environment

  9. Respond to their environment • Stimulus – an outside signal

  10. Made up of units called cells • Cell = small self-contained unit • Barrier separates it from surroundings • Unicellular – organism made up of only one cell • Ex: Bacteria, protists • Multicellular – organism made up of two or more cells • Ex: Fungi, plants, animals, etc.

  11. Obtain & Use Energy • Metabolism = combination of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials

  12. Grow & Develop • Grow = to increase in size • Develop = change in appearance along with growth • “maturation” • EX: Butterflies begin life as eggs, then become caterpillars, a pupa, and finally emerge as adult butterflies.

  13. Reproduce • Reproduce = produce new organisms of the same type • Asexual Reproduction • Single organism can reproduce without aid of another • Ex: budding (hydra) • Ex: binary fission (bacteria) • Sexual Reproduction • Two cells from DIFFERENT individuals unite to produce new organism • Ex: humans, plants

  14. Based on a universal genetic code • Offspring will resemble their parents. • Ex: Flies produce flies, dogs produce dogs, and seeds from maple trees produce maple trees. • The genetic code, with a few minor variations, determines the inherited traits of every organism on Earth • Genetic Code = DNA • Deoxyribonucleic acid

  15. Taken as a group, change over time • Evolution = group of organisms changing over generations • Ex: Plants that live in the desert survive because they have become adapted to the conditions of the desert.

  16. Maintain a stable internal environment • Homeostasis – a living thing’s ability to maintain constant conditions necessary for life • Body temperature: you sweat when you’re too hot, shiver when you’re too cold • Blood pH

  17. 1-4 Tools and Procedures • How scientists work… • Lab safety • Metric system

  18. Metric System • Universal system of measurement for science • Length? • meter • Volume? • liter (liquid) • cubic centimeter (solid) • Mass? • gram • Temperature? • Celsius scale • Kelvin

  19. Kilo Hecto Deka BASE Deci Centi Milli • Base Units for the Metric System: • Liters = volume • Meters = distance • Grams = mass

  20. Convert the following using the staircase • 54.11 deciliters = liters • 47 hectometers = decimeters • 2293 dekagrams = decigrams • 4731 liters = hectoliters • 5912 kilograms = grams • 0.01 grams = milligrams • 0.0108 centimeters = meters • 3851 milliliters = dekaliters

  21. Homework • 56 hectometers = decimeters • 94.66 deciliters = liters • 1183 dekagrams = decigrams • 5842 liters = hectoliters • 6833 kilograms = grams • 0.0023 centimeters = meters • 4967 milliliters = dekaliters • 0.07 grams = milligrams

  22. Microscopes • Compound Light Microscope • 2-dimensional • Can see LIVING things. • High magnification • Able to see cells • Low resolution • Only magnify 1000 times.

  23. What is magnification? • Magnification is the enlargement in size of an image.

  24. What is resolution? • Resolution is the clarity of an image, or the level of detail in the image.

  25. The Parts of the microscope

More Related