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Earth Science Intro

Earth Science Intro. Pg 2-3, 7-9, 16-17, 85. Pre-Teach Vocabulary. Earth Science – the name for the group of sciences that deals with Earth and its neighbors in space Geology – study of Earth, its form and composition, and the changes it has undergone and is undergoing

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Earth Science Intro

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  1. Earth Science Intro Pg 2-3, 7-9, 16-17, 85

  2. Pre-Teach Vocabulary • Earth Science – the name for the group of sciences that deals with Earth and its neighbors in space • Geology – study of Earth, its form and composition, and the changes it has undergone and is undergoing • Oceanography – study of the oceans • Meteorology – study of the atmosphere (weather and climate) • Astronomy – study of the universe

  3. Vocabulary continued… • Hydrosphere – all water on earth (puddles, rain, ocean, etc) • Atmosphere – the gas surrounding Earth • Geosphere – rock, dirt, dust, sand (crust, mantle, core) • Biosphere – all life on Earth

  4. 4 Spheres..

  5. More vocab… 10. Weather Satellites – measures temperature of atmosphere and seawater 11. Navigation Satellites – helps ships find exact location 12. Landsat Satellites – gives data on Earth’s landmasses, coastal boundaries 13. GPS – gives latitude, longitude, and altitude 14. VLBI – tracks movement of Earth’s crust using radio waves 15. Carbon Cycle – one of Earth’s biogeochemical cycles that describes the movement of carbon throughout the spheres

  6. Overview of Earth Science • Earth science is the name for the group of sciences that deals with Earth and its neighbors in space • 1. Geology • Geochemistry • Geophysics • Geobiology • Paleontology • 2. Oceanography • 3. Meteorology • 4. Astronomy

  7. Geology • Means “study of earth” • Two areas of geology • 1. Physical geology – examining the materials that make up Earth and possible explanations for the processes that shape our planet ex) Geochemistry- what are rocks made of and how are they changed? • 2. Historical geology – understanding Earth’s long history • ex) Paleontology- ancient environments and animals (fossils).

  8. Oceanography • Study of the ocean • composition and movement of seawater • What is seawater made of? Does it move? • coastal processes • Do coastlines change? What could change them? • seafloor topography • Is the sea floor flat? • marine life - What type of animals live in the ocean?

  9. Meteorology • Study of the atmosphere and the processes that produce weather and climate • What causes thunderstorms? - Why do we have seasons?

  10. Astronomy • Study of the universe (planets, stars, galaxies, etc.) -Why do we care about outer space?

  11. 4 Spheres of Geology • Hydrosphere – all water on the planet. • Atmosphere – gases around Earth • Geosphere – aka lithosphere – core, mantle, and crust • Biosphere – all life on Earth

  12. We are stardust… http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8g4d-rnhuSg

  13. Technology pg 16-17 • Why? • Gives us ability to more precisely analyze Earth’s physical properties. Technology makes things possible and easier. • Remote sensing – satellites giving us data from a distance • GPS – Global Positioning Systems • Ships, planes, cars, wildlife, earthquakes, erosion

  14. Satellites • Weather Satellites – • Temperature of atmosphere, seawater • Cloud cover • Scan Earth’s surface in 24 hours • Navigation Satellites – • Help ships and submarines find exact location • Landsat Satellites – • Data and pictures of Earth’s landmasses, coastal boundaries, coral reefs.

  15. Technology cont. • GPS – Global positioning system • Gives latitude, longitude, and elevation • VLBI – Very Long Baseline Interferometry • Uses antennas to receive radio waves • Used to measure the geosphere • Tectonic plate movement and other movements of Earth’s crust

  16. Technology Pro’s and Con’s Describe a time that technology helped you. Describe a time that technology caused you trouble. Does technology ever invade our privacy? Should scientists continue to create new types of technology? Why or why not?

  17. Carbon Cycle pg 85 • Is a biogeochemical cycle – matter and energy move through the Earth system in a series of steps. What does that mean? • At each step, carbon is stored for a period of time in a “reservoir” or part of Earth’s system • EX: atmosphere, ocean, biomass, fossil fuel, and carbonate rock • May be there for an organism’s lifetime OR millions of years in coal

  18. Carbon Cycle

  19. Common Carbon Reservoirs • Atmosphere - carbon dioxide or CO2 • Ocean – calcite (CaCO3) in shells and skeletons of marine animals • Biomass – living organisms • Fossil fuels – start as remains of dead organisms  coal, oil, natural gas • Carbonate rock – rocks with carbonate ions (CO2-3) (limestone)

  20. Movement of Carbon • Photosynthesis – atmosphere  biosphere • Respiration – biosphere  atmosphere • Volcanoes – geosphere  atmosphere • Burning biomass – biosphere  atmosphere • Burial of biomass – biosphere  geosphere • Deposit carbonate sediment – hydrosphere  geosphere • Weathering of rock – geosphere  hydrosphere • Burning fossil fuels – geosphere  atmosphere

  21. Why is the carbon cycle so important to our lives? Why do we care about the carbon cycle? If carbon didn’t move throughout the spheres, would that matter to us?

  22. Carbon Cycle Game • Carbon Cycle Game • Follow the path!!!

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