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文学教学与文学研究

文学教学与文学研究. 一、总论: “ 学以致用 ” 与 “ 学以致知 ”. 虞建华 :《 读外国文学有什么用? 》. Gilbert Hayt: “What’s the Use of Poetry?”. 诗歌可以创造美的意境,提供愉悦,其作用就如音乐一样; 它能为人生经验提供表达语言。. 济慈的 《 希腊古瓮颂 》 : “美即是真,真即是美!” 这就包括你们所知道和应该 知道的一切。.

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文学教学与文学研究

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  1. 文学教学与文学研究

  2. 一、总论:“学以致用”与“学以致知” 虞建华:《读外国文学有什么用?》

  3. Gilbert Hayt: “What’s the Use of Poetry?” • 诗歌可以创造美的意境,提供愉悦,其作用就如音乐一样; • 它能为人生经验提供表达语言。

  4. 济慈的《希腊古瓮颂》: “美即是真,真即是美!” 这就包括你们所知道和应该 知道的一切。

  5. 追其根源,高校外语教学中外国文学地位问题反映的是人们对高等教育的认识问题。高等教育可以包括应用,但应超越应用。它应该让学生获得包括想象能力、创造能力、表达能力、观察能力、思辩能力、分析判断能力、逻辑推理能力在内的并不属于某一项专门技艺但比实用技能更重要的抽象的东西。这个抽象的东西我们今天称之为综合素质。而学习外国文学是提高人的整体素质有效而重要的一环。追其根源,高校外语教学中外国文学地位问题反映的是人们对高等教育的认识问题。高等教育可以包括应用,但应超越应用。它应该让学生获得包括想象能力、创造能力、表达能力、观察能力、思辩能力、分析判断能力、逻辑推理能力在内的并不属于某一项专门技艺但比实用技能更重要的抽象的东西。这个抽象的东西我们今天称之为综合素质。而学习外国文学是提高人的整体素质有效而重要的一环。

  6. Cambridge University: “Teach a bit about everything, and everything about nothing.”

  7. 结语 作了所有这些论证之后,我们甚至可以反过来强调文学所具有的“及物”用途,也就是说,文学不只具备内在的美学价值,它同时也富有教化意义,指涉现实,反映生活,起到影响和改变社会现状的作用。文学已经显示了,并将继续显示其在改造国民精神文化素质方面的重大意义。如果鲁迅是个名医,他可能帮助救治了很多病人。但他成了文学家,帮助救治了整个民族的病疾。幸亏鲁迅弃医从文。

  8. 二、文学教学 Reading and Textual Analysis Richard Selzer: “The Discus Thrower”

  9. Questions 1.The first person narrator is the doctor who tells us the story of a patient. What sort of narrator is he? 2.There are some brief descriptions about the main character. What impression do you get of the person? 3.List the abnormal behaviors of the patient. How do we understand his abnormality? 4.Read carefully the description of the plate throwing. What does this reveal to us? 5.How do we understand the head-nurse’s comment “It’s a blessing”? 6.How do we interpret the ending of the story?

  10. 总结 文学课不是精读课

  11. 1.“敏锐阅读”与文本“解读” (1)伏笔与文本空隙 (2)事件之间的关联 (3)文字的细微意义和隐含意义

  12. 2.智力游戏:读者的参与 (1)两个理解层面 (2)多种理解的可能性 (3)阐释中读者的参与

  13. 3.文学与语言学习 (1)重述与重塑(recount and recreate) (2)情境中的语言

  14. 三、文学研究 “Publish or Perish”

  15. 四项基本要素 Originality Reliability Availability Manageability

  16. 思想积累与学术卡片 6大信息: 作家、标题、出版地、出版社、出版年、页码

  17. 关于academese (学术风格) Herbert Spencer The Style of Writing : “True wit is best set in plain style.”

  18. Martin Joos The Five Clocks: A Linguistic Excursion in the Five Styles of English Usage sets forth the five-point scale of formality in the language style: 1)frozen 2) formal 3) consultative 4) casual 5) intimate

  19. “Words are like leaves, and where They most abound, Much fruit of sense is Rarely found.” -- Alexander Pope, “An Essay on Criticism”

  20. “A vile conceit in pompous words expressed, Is like a clown in regal purple dressed.” -- Alexander Pope, “An Essay on Criticism”

  21. Golden Rules a. Always show proper respect for the invisible reader and other critics, including those whom you try to refute. b. Always allow rooms for further studies, other possibilities and different interpretations and approaches. c. Always suppose that your reader is at least as knowledgeable as you are about the subject.

  22. 关于“两张皮”

  23. 关于 name-dropping, quotation-loading and overuse of footnotes

  24. 关于academic arrogance

  25. 关于“引述文献”

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