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Projectile Motion

This article explains the concept of projectile motion and how projectiles move in two dimensions, combining horizontal and vertical components to create a parabolic trajectory. It also provides examples and equations to analyze horizontally launched projectiles.

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Projectile Motion

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  1. Projectile Motion AP Physics C

  2. What is projectile? Projectile – an object that is acted on by only a gravity

  3. Projectiles move in TWO dimensions • Horizontal and Vertical motion

  4. Combining the Components Together, these components produce what is called a trajectory or path. This path is parabolicin nature.

  5. Horizontal “Velocity” Component • NEVER changes Why does the horizontal velocity never change?

  6. Vertical “Velocity” Component • Changes (due to gravity), does NOT cover equal displacements in equal time periods. How does the magnitude and direction of vertical velocity change?

  7. Horizontally Launched Projectiles Projectiles which have NO upward trajectory and NO initial VERTICAL velocity.

  8. Horizontally Launched Projectiles To analyze a projectile in 2 dimensions we need 2 equations. One for the “x” direction and one for the “y” direction. And for this we use kinematic #2.

  9. Horizontally Launched Projectiles Example: A plane traveling with a horizontal velocity of 100 m/s is 500 m above the ground. At some point the pilot decides to drop some supplies to designated target below. (a) How long is the drop in the air? (b) How far away from point where it was launched will it land? • y=vit+1/2ayt^2 • -500=0(t)+1/2(-10)t^2 • t=10.1 s • b) x=vixt • x=100(10.1) • X=1010 m

  10. Thought Question 1 An airplane flying horizontally at a constant speed of 350 km/h releases a bundle of food supplies. Ignore air resistance. What are the bundle’s a)Vertical Initial Velocity b) Horizontal Initial Velocity? c) What is its horizontal component just before hitting the ground? d) If the airplane’s speed were 450 km/h would the time of fall be longer, shorter, or the same? • 0 km/h • 350 km/h • 350 km/h • Same

  11. Example 1 A rock is thrown horizontally from a 100.0 m high cliff. It strikes a level ground 90.0 m from the base of a cliff. At what speed is it thrown?

  12. Example 2 A tiger leaps horizontally from a 15 m high rock with a speed of 7.0 m/s. How far from the base of the rock will it land?

  13. Example 3 An arrow is fired horizontally with a speed of 10 m/s and travels a horizontal distance of 6m. How far does it fall vertically?

  14. Example 4 A boy throws a pebble horizontally with speed 12 m/s from a bridge that is 8.0 m above the water.  (a) How much time is the pebble in the air?  (b) How far is the pebble from the boy when it splashes?  (c) What is the speed of the pebble when it hits the water?

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