Daily Spark!

1. Daily Spark! Now’s the time to jump start your mind!

2. World War I • What were three countries that emerged during the 1800s? (Think Nationalism) Germany Italy Balkans • What were three events that would shatter the confidence and prosperity of Europe between 1914 – 1945? WWI (1914-1918)Great Depression (1920s &30s) WWII (1939-1945)

3. World War I • Was World War I an avoidable tragedy? Why or why not?

4. Russian Revolution • The group of revolutionaries who took control of Russia’s government in November of 1917 were known as _____________. Bolsheviks • The Russian city known as Petrograd in 1914 is now called ___________. St. Petersburg • Why was the Trans-Siberian Railway important to Russia? It connected European Russia with Russian ports on the Pacific Ocean.

5. Russian Revolution • Russia was ruled by ___________________ for centuries. Czars (tsars) • Three causes of the 1917 revolutions: Poor Leadership Unrest with the people Military failures • Two “sparks” to the revolution in 1905: Bloody Sunday Potemkin

6. Russian Revolution • Three causes of the 1917 revolutions: Poor Leadership Unrest with the people Military failures How could these factors lead to revolution?

7. Russian Revolution • __________’s death in 1924 lead to a power struggle in Russia. Lenin • __________ and __________ were the top candidates to take over the Communist Party Leon Trotsky Joseph Stalin • A totalitarian government has complete control of what? -Industry -Press -Government -Religion

8. Russian Revolution • Joseph Stalin’s leadership help turn the USSR into one of the world’s strongest nations. However, he ruled by using terror and millions of his own citizens died under his reign. Were Joseph Stalin’s brutal tactics necessary in order to make the USSR a Superpower?

9. The Interwar Period • Who was the British Prime Minister whose appeasement of Adolph Hitler lead him to proclaim that he had “secured peace for our time?” Neville Chamberlin • What event starting in 1929 led to the economic crisis that affected the entire world for over a decade? The Great Depression

10. The Interwar Period • The worldwide depression led to the rise of __________ dictators, such as Hitler from Germany and Mussolini from Italy. fascist • Why did the League of Nations ultimately fail? It failed to resolve conflicts in the late 1920s and early 1930s. It never had a military alliance, and therefore could not enforce its decisions, which lead to an arms race.

11. The Interwar Period • Connect the Leaders to their Countries: Winston Churchill Germany Benito Mussolini Great Britain Joseph Stalin Italy Japan Adolf Hitler Franklin D. Roosevelt Soviet Union Hideki Tojo United States

12. The Interwar Period • Connect the Leaders to their Countries: Winston Churchill Germany Benito Mussolini Great Britain Joseph Stalin Italy Japan Adolf Hitler Franklin D. Roosevelt Soviet Union Hideki Tojo United States

13. World War II • Based on what you know about the Interwar Period, what were some causes/events that could have lead up to World War II? Aggression by the totalitarian powers of Germany, Italy, and Japan Weakness of the League of Nations Appeasement Nationalism Failure of the Treaty of Versailles Tendencies toward isolationism and pacifism in Europe and the U.S.

14. World War II • The United States continued the practice of isolationism (staying neutral) as WWII began. What were some pros and cons of this stance? PROS CONS No active fighting – no causalities! Allies involved in the war need help Money could be spent locally and not on war effort – Buy more products U.S. still suffering from the Great Depression – no definitive end in sight Allow countries to deal with issues without getting involved – fewer hostilities Strained ties with other nations – less trade and diplomatic relations

15. World War II • The Holocaust in Germany was the systematic genocide of the Jewish people between 1933-1945. Could something like this happen again in the world in the 20th century? YES Armenian Genocide – Ottoman Empire 1915 – 1923 Deaths: 600,000 – 1,800,000 Darfur Civil War – Sudan (N. Africa) 2003 - 2008 Deaths: 200,000 – 400,000 Pol Pot and the Khmer Rouge – Cambodia (S.E. Asia) 1970 - 1999 Deaths: 1,400,000 – 2,200,000 In the USA? Would you consider: Gitmo/Guantanamo Bay? Japanese citizen interment camps during WWII

16. World War II • Last month you answered the question of whether or not World War I was an avoidable tragedy. Thinking back to those answers, do you believe that World War II could have been avoided? Include in your answer how and why or why not WWII could have been avoided.

17. World War II • Match the major leader during WWII with the correct description • Harry Truman • Dwight D. Eisenhower • George C. Marshall • Douglas MacArthur • George S. Patton • U.S. general – European Theater • U.S. president after death of President Roosevelt • Chief of Staff of the U.S. Army • Allied commander in Europe • U.S. general – Pacific Theater

18. World War II • How did the Allies promote reconstruction of the defeated powers after WWII? Efforts for reconstruction of Germany: Efforts for reconstruction of Japan: • Democratic government installed in West Germany and West Berlin • Germany and Berlin divided among the four Allied powers • Emergence of West Germany as economic power in postwar Europe • United States occupation of Japan under MacArthur’s administration • Democracy and economic development • Elimination of Japan’s military offensive capabilities; guarantee of Japan’s security by the United States • Emergence of Japan as dominant economy in Asia

19. World War II • In your opinion, which event of WWII had the biggest impact on the war, the world, or life after the war? Why?

20. Ancient ROME • K-W-L Chart On a piece of notebook paper, create a chart with three columns in it. Mark one column K, one W, and one L. As we begin the unit on Ancient Rome, think back to what you Know (K) and Want (W) to know about the time period, events, and people involved. Fill in those sections of the chart with 4-5 facts or questions. Later on we will fill in theLearned (L) section of the chart with information we have learned from the unit.

21. Ancient ROME • How did the geographic location of ancient Rome contribute to the shaping of Roman society and the expansion of its empire? • The hills of Rome supported wheat cultivation as well as the cultivation of olive trees, fruit trees, and vineyards • In order to combat Malaria problems of the nearby swamps, the Romans drained and paved the wetlands near Rome. The Romans learned the importance of engineering, a trait that would later be a cornerstone of their Imperial power. • Due to their location in Italy, Rome was influenced both by the Italian Etruscan Kings as well as in their contact with the extensive Greek settlements to the south and east.

22. Ancient ROME • Match the Roman Gods with the Greek Equivalent! ROMAN GREEK Jupiter Athena Juno Aphrodite Pluto Zeus Diana Hera Minerva Hades Venus Artemis

23. Ancient ROME • What were some specific examples of how the PaxRomana impacted Ancient Rome? • Social • Economic • Political • Returned stability to social classes • Increased emphasis on the family • Created a civil service • Developed a uniform rule of law • Established uniform system of money, which helped to expand trade • Guaranteed safe travel and trade on Roman roads • Promoted prosperity and stability