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Unit 15 Learning

Unit 15 Learning. 1 ． simplify vt. 简化 → simple adj. 简单的， 易懂的 2 ． suspect v. 怀疑 → suspect n. 嫌疑犯 ， 被怀疑的人　 adj. 可疑的 → suspicious adj. ( 对 …… ) 起疑心的；令人起疑的 → suspicion n. 怀疑 ， 疑心 3 ． instruct v. 教导 ， 指导 → instruction n. 教育 ， 指导 → instructive adj. 有益的 ， 有教育意义的

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Unit 15 Learning

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  1. Unit 15Learning

  2. 1．simplify vt. 简化→simple adj. 简单的，易懂的 2．suspect v. 怀疑→suspect n. 嫌疑犯，被怀疑的人　adj.可疑的→suspicious adj. (对……)起疑心的；令人起疑的→suspicion n. 怀疑，疑心 3．instruct v. 教导，指导→instruction n. 教育，指导→instructive adj. 有益的，有教育意义的 4．assignment n. 作业；任务，工作→assign vt. 分配；指定，任命

  3. 5．alternative adj. 可选择的，另类的→alternative n. 选择，替代物6．punishment n. 惩罚，处罚→punish vt. 惩罚7．reflect vt. 反映；反射→reflection n. 反射；反省；想法8．slight adj. 少量的，微小的→slightly adv. 稍微的，微小的9．misunderstand v. 误解→misunderstanding n．→understand v. 理解，懂10．access n. 接近或进入之路→accessible adj. (场所)易到达的，(事物)易到手的，(人)易接近的

  4. 11．worthy adj. 值得的→worthwhile adj. 值得努力的→worth adj. 值，值得12．inspire v. 鼓舞，鼓励→inspiration n. 灵感，给予鼓舞(激励)之人/事13．conventional adj. 传统的，保守的→convention n. 惯例，习俗14．beneficial adj. 有用的，有益的→benefit n. 利益　v. 对……有益，受惠15．assume vt. 假定，假设→assumption n.16．appreciation n. 欣赏→appreciate vt. 重视，鉴赏，感激

  5. ●重点短语1．frankly speaking　　　　　　　坦率地讲2．lay off解雇(雇员)，停止，中止3．go blank (脑子)一片空白4．set up开办(公司)；安排；竖起； 搭起5．go up上涨；爆炸；开始呼喊，演出6．aside from除……之外； 既……又……7．to a certain extent在某种程度上

  6. 8．set off出发9．become of使遭遇；发生于……10．be accustomed to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事11．put forward提出主意、计划等，提前12．approve of赞成，同意，支持13．as a whole总的来说14．make sure弄清楚；查明；确保

  7. ●重点句型1．Now I‘m abouttograduate from the school of Continuing Education at Qinghua University with a Bachelor’s Degree in computer Engineering by distance learning.现在，我就要从清华大学继续教育学院远程计算机工程专业毕业，获得学士学位。2．In the past, if someone like me hadfailed to get into university through the college exam, he wouldhavehad no chance of getting a degree. 过去，像我这样不通过高考而进入大学的人是没有机会拿到学位的。

  8. 3．(1)I decided that it was time I became an Internet user. 我觉得是成为互联网用户的时候了。(2)Anyway, it's time formetogo now.不管怎样，我现在得走了。4．...I shouldn'thavebeen so difficult at school. ……在上学时，我本不该这么叛逆。5．Sometimes I wish I couldphone him and ask for his opinion! 有时我真希望能给他打个电话问问他的意见！

  9. ●高考范文 (2008·全国Ⅱ) 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Peter来信向你咨询如何才能学好中文。请你根据下列要点写封回信。 要点：1.参加中文学习班； 2．看中文书刊、电视； 3．学唱中文歌曲； 4．交中国朋友。

  10. 注意：1.词数100左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．开头和结尾语已为你写好。 June 8, 2008 Dear Peter， I'm glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to learn Chinese well. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes. Li Hua

  11. [范文] June_8,2008 Dear_Peter， I'm_glad_to_receive_your_letter_asking_for_my_advice_on_how_to_learn_Chinese_well. Here are a few suggestions. First, it is important to take a Chinese course, as you'll be able to learn from the teacher and practice with your fellow students. Then, it also helps to watch TV and read books, newspapers and magazines in Chinese whenever possible.

  12. Besides, it should be a good idea to learn and sing Chinese songs, because by doing so you'll learn and remember Chinese words more easily. You can also make more Chinese friends. They will tell you a lot about China and help you learn Chinese. Try and write me in Chinese next time. Best_wishes. Li_Hua

  13. 考 点 探 究 Ⅰ.重点词汇过关 1．suspect vt. 怀疑；不信任　n．嫌疑犯；可疑对象 adj.可疑的；不可靠的 suspect sth. 怀疑某事 suspect that­clause 怀疑…… suspect sb. of (doing) sth. 怀疑某人有某种罪行或做过某事 suspect sb. to be...猜想某人是……

  14. ①I began to suspect (that) they were trying to get rid of me.我开始怀疑他们试图摆脱我。②They suspect him of murder.他们怀疑他犯有谋杀罪。③What made you suspect her of_having_taken the money?你凭什么怀疑钱是她偷的？④The police arrested the_suspect yesterday.警方昨天逮捕了那个嫌疑犯。⑤His statements are suspect.他的说法靠不住。

  15. 即学即练　We______him______giving false information. That would be terrible.A．suspect; ofB．suspect; withC．suspect; from D．suspect; in 解析：suspect sb. of sth. 表示“怀疑某人做某事”，为固定搭配。 答案：A

  16. 2．instruct vt. 教导，指导；命令，指示instruction n. 教授；指导；用法说明(书)，操作指南(常用复数)instructive adj. 说明性的，指示性的，有教育意义的instructor n. 辅导员，讲师instruct sb. to do sth. 指示/命令某人做某事instruct sb. in sth. 在某方面指导某人instruct＋that 从句　告知，通知[从句中用 (should)＋do]

  17. ①Those boys were_instructed_to wait there.那些男孩被告知在那儿等。②She instructed me in the use of the telephone.她教我使用电话。③Our teacher instructed that we hand in our papers after class. 老师告知我们下课后把试卷交上。

  18. 即学即练　You must read the ______ with great care to see if the drug contains PPA before it is taken.A．instructions B．introductionsC．explanations D．expressions 解析：instructions 指“说明，说明书，操作指南”，等于 directions。 B．介绍；C.解释；D.表达。 答案：A

  19. 3．alternative adj. 可选择的；另类的 n. (两者或两者以上)选择；二选其一；可供选择的东西；替代物alternative energy 可替代能源an alternative to... ……的替代品have no alternative but to do sth. 别无选择只好做……

  20. ①Have you got an alternative suggestion?你有没有其他的建议？②You have the alternative of marrying or remaining a bachelor.你可以结婚也可以仍做单身汉，任你选择。③We have_no_alternative_but_to_go on.除了继续下去，我们没有选择的余地。④There is no_alternative_but_to_fight.除了战斗，没有其他的办法。

  21. 即学即练　There are several ______ plans and it‘s up to you to decide which to choose.A．alternativeB．accordingC．effective D．positive 解析：句意为：有几个可供选择的计划，由你决定选哪一个。 答案：A

  22. 4．reflect vt. 反映；反射；vi.&vt. 思考，反省，深思reflection n. 反射；反照；反映；映像reflect sb./sth. in sth. (指镜子等)映出某人/物的影像reflect sth. from sth. 从某物(表面)反射(光、热、声等)reflect on/upon sth. 思考某事be lost in reflection 陷入沉思中

  23. ①He looked at his face reflected in the mirror.他看着镜子中自己的脸。②The heat reflected_from the white sand formed a mirage.热气经白色的沙面反射形成蜃景。③I need time to reflect_on your offer.我需要时间来考虑你的建议。

  24. 即学即练　Usually a child's behaviour is a ______ of his family environment.A．recognition B．reflectionC．return D．record 解析：recognition 意思是“认出，识别”；reflection 有“反映”的意思；return 有“返回，回答，报答”等意思；record 记录，记载。句意为：孩子的行为往往是其家庭环境情况的反映。 答案：B

  25. 5．lack vt.&vi. 缺乏，缺少，没有n. 缺乏，没有，缺少的东西lacking adj. 没有的，缺乏的；不足的for lack of 因缺乏……have no lack of 不缺乏……lack for nothing 一无所缺be lacking in... 在……缺乏lack money/courage 缺钱/缺乏勇气be short of 缺乏，缺少run short of sth. 把某物即将用尽sth. runs short... 不足，短缺

  26. ①A_lack_of food caused her to grow weak.缺少食物导致她长得很弱。②We still lack the necessary information.我们仍缺少必要的信息。③We cannot discuss the details now for_lack_of time.因时间有限，我们现在无法讨论细节。④She lacked the confidence to make friends.她缺乏交朋友的信心。

  27. 即学即练　Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a ______of exercise.A．limit B．lackC．need D．demand 解析：a lack of“缺乏”。句意为：健康问题与不良的饮食习惯和缺少锻炼密切相关。 答案：B

  28. 6．access n. 接近，进入，通路；接近(或进入)的方法，到达(或进入，使用，走访)的权利(或机会)vt. 存(数据)；取(数据)；存取；访问；接近，使用accessible adj. 可到达的，可进入的，可理解的access to 接近……的机会，进入……的权利have/get/gain/obtain access to得以接近，得以会见，得以进入give access to 接见，准许进入be accessible to 易接近的；能进入；易受影响；可以理解

  29. ①He gained_access_to/into the building through the window. 他通过窗户进入大楼。②I had_no_access_to education when I was young.我小时候没有受教育的机会。③The old man is easy_of_access.那老人很容易接近。④An open minded person is_accessible_to reasons.虚心的人易于服理。

  30. 即学即练　Over a third of the population were believed to have no ______ to the health care.A．accessB．aidC．basisD．belief 解析：have access to 有进入/接近……的机会/权利。 答案：A

  31. 7．worthwhile adj. 值得的，值得出力的①The hard work was worthwhile because I passed the exam.我考试通过了，所以刻苦努力还是值得的。②You had better spend your time on some worthwhile reading. 你最好把时间花在读一些有价值的书上。③It_didn‘t_seem_worthwhile writing it all out again.再把这都写出来似乎不必要。

  32. 辨析：worth, worthy, worthwhile(1)worth 只做表语，表示“值……钱，值得干……”，后跟名词或动名词，不跟不定式．worth 常用well修饰，不用very。如：The book is well worth reading. 这书值得一读。(2)worthy 意为“值得的”，除在书面语体中用做定语外，一般用做表语。be worthy 后常接“of＋名词/动名词(被动式)”、不定式。如：The place is worthy to be visited/of being visited.这地方值得一游。(3)worthwhile 的常用句式为 It is worthwhile to do sth./doing sth., it是形式主语，to do/doing 做真正主语，即：做某事是值得的。如：It is worthwhile visiting/to visit the place.参观那地方还是很值得的。

  33. 即学即练　Is it ______ sparing some time for your hobby while your classmates are concentrating on their lessons?A．worth B．worthyC．worthwhile D．valuable 解析：考查句型It is worthwhile doing/to do...。 答案：C

  34. 8．acquire vt. 获得，得到①I managed to acquire two tickets for the concert.我设法弄到了两张音乐会的票。②She acquired a knowledge of French.她学会了法语。③Mr Brown acquired a fortune in the oil business.布朗先生在石油生意上发了财。

  35. 即学即练　It took him a long time to______the skills he needed to become a professional artist.A．require B．acquire C．inquire D．gather 解析：本题考查词义辨析。require 要求； acquire获得；inquire 询问，查询；gather 聚集。 答案：B

  36. 9．ignore vt. 忽视；不顾ignorant adj. 无知的；愚昧的；不知道的ignorance n. 无知；愚昧；不知道ignore sb./sth. 不理睬某人/假装不知道或未见be ignorant of/about sth.＝be in ignorance of sth.不知道某事

  37. ①She saw him coming but she ignored him.她看见他走来，但没有理睬他。②He is_ignorant_of farm life.＝He is in_ignorance_of farm life. 他对农庄生活一无所知。

  38. 即学即练　—So you didn't say “hello” to him last night?—Well, I stopped and smiled when I saw him but he ______ me and walked on.A．ignored B．refused C．denied D．missed 解析：考查动词辨析。ignore 指有意识地拒绝、不愿给予注意或故意不予理会。refuse 拒绝；deny 否认；miss 错过。 答案：A

  39. 10．urge vt. 力劝；强烈要求n．　迫切要求；强烈欲望urge sth. 强烈要求某事urge sb. on 鼓励某人……urge sb.into doing sth.to do sth.敦促某人干某事urge that＋主＋(should) do...It is urged that＋主＋(should) do...

  40. ①They urged_me_to_eat the strange food.他们怂恿我吃那种奇怪的食物。②She urged that I (should)_apologize to him.她要求我向他道歉。③It_was_urged_that he (should)_be punished.有人极力主张他应受到惩罚。

  41. 即学即练　They urged that the library ______open during the vacation.A．must be kept B．is keptC．would be kept D．be kept 解析：urge 所带的宾语从句需用 should＋do的形式， should可省略。句意为“他们要求图书馆假期也开放”。 答案：D

  42. 11．inspire vt.鼓舞，鼓励；感动；激发inspiration n. 鼓舞；感动；灵感inspire sb. to do sth. 鼓舞某人做某事inspire sb. to sth. 鼓励某人……inspire sth. in sb.激起某人的……inspire sb. with sth. 用……鼓舞某人

  43. ①He inspires me to greater efforts. 他鼓励我更加努力。②He inspires hate/dislike in me.他激起了我的憎恨/厌烦。③Competitions inspire us to_work harder.竞争激励我们更加努力地工作。

  44. 即学即练　Judging from the______look of the audience, the speaker is giving a rather______speech.A.inspiring; inspiring B．inspired; inspiringC．inspired; inspired D．inspiring; inspired 解析：本题考查 inspiring与 inspired的辨析。第一空修饰人的表情，使役动词的非谓语形式在修饰人的表情、声音等时，跟修饰人一样，要用­ed形式的形容词；第二空修饰物，表示“鼓舞人心的”，要用­ing形式的形容词。 答案：B

  45. 12．assume vt. 假定，假设assumption n. 假定，假设assume sth. 认为某事assume that­clasue 认为……assuming that...＝suppose/supposing that 假设……assume sb. to be ... 认为某人是

  46. ①You assume his innocence before hearing the evidence against him.＝You assme him to_be innocent before hearing the evidence against him.＝You asssume_that he is innocent before hearing the evidence against him.在听到对他不利的证言前，你假定他是无罪的。②Assuming/Suppose/Supposing/_(that) it rains, what shall we do? 假如下雨的话，我们怎么办？

  47. 即学即练　I ______ that you knew each other because you went to the same school.A．suspectB．doubtC．assumeD．declare 解析：句意为：我认为你们互相认识，因为你们上同一所学校。suspect, doubt “怀疑”；declare 宣告。 答案：C

  48. 13．adapt vt. 使适应；改编adaptable adj. 适应性强的；可改编的adaptation n. 适应；改编adapt oneself to... 使自己适应于……(to为介词)adapt to...适应于……adapt sth. for... 把某物改编为……adapt sth. from... 根据……改编某物

  49. ①This novel has been_adapted_for radio from the Russian original. 这部小说已俄文原著改编成无线电广播节目。②Our eyes slowly adapted_to the dark.我们的眼睛慢慢地适应了黑暗的环境。③She adapted_herself quickly to the new climate.她很快适应了这种新的气候。辨析：adapt/adjust/fit/suit/match(1)adapt 指“经过修改或改变以后以适应新的条件”。(2)adjust 指“调整，调节，使之适应”。(3)fit 指“大小合适”，引申为“吻合”。(4)suit 指“合乎要求，口味、性格、情况”。(5)match 指“大小、色调、形状、性质等相配或相称”。

  50. 即学即练　After some days, the boy adapted himself ______ up early every day.A．to getting B．to getC．for getting D．of getting 解析：adapt...to... “使……适应于……”中 to是介词，后接名词、动名词，故选A。 答案：A

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