1 / 38

Tree Breeding Tools

Tree Breeding Tools. “Arker assisted selection” Dag Lindgren. Presentation in Finland 01-03-24. Website. http://www.genfys.slu.se/staff/dagl contains: Documents Documentation Newsletter Thesis Research group Research targets Teaching Links Home page Tree Breeding Tools.

guido
Download Presentation

Tree Breeding Tools

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Tree Breeding Tools “Arker assisted selection” Dag Lindgren Presentation in Finland 01-03-24

  2. Website http://www.genfys.slu.se/staff/dagl contains: • Documents • Documentation • Newsletter • Thesis • Research group • Research targets • Teaching • Links • Home page • Tree Breeding Tools

  3. Tree Breeding Tools • Downloadable programs • by Dag L and collaborators • many EXCEL worksheets(“ark” or “arkki”) • Tutorial tools • Seldom about characters or data

  4. Ibreeding Why Tree Breeding Tools? Think first!!! Notes: common sense is also useful! Garbage in = garbage out!

  5. Why Worksheets? • Transparent relations • Works on most computers • Place for lots of explanation • Easy to change and update • Customers can develop and adjust the tool • Formula collection • Own training

  6. Cheaper! More diversity! Faster! More gain! Central factors in tree breeding • Environment • Breeding value (Genetic Gain) • Genetic parameters • Gene diversity • Time • Cost • Technique Conflicting goals!!

  7. Environment description • Temperature climate • Light climate

  8. Temperature climateTEMPPRED.EXE • Average temperature in Sweden and Finland • Accumulated heat sums • From official stations representative for forest land 1961-1990

  9. Night length and temp is ... Example: Conf site: Mekrijärvi 62°46’N 30°59’E 150 m asl March 24, 2001 Note: Outcome indicated program is about as reliable as Finnish weather forcast service

  10. Light climateDagL.exe • Returns night length as a function of date, place and night criteria.

  11. Environment -adaptation ADAPTATION.XLS • Plantations site and seed source value • Flexibility of seed source • Seed orchards have gain and wider adaptation! • Choose zone size!

  12. Cauchy function 1 C Performance A B 0 Site type value Environment -adaptation Systematic G*E Plantation sites and seed origins described by a single value Flexibility (C) of seed source

  13. Performance as a function of zone size 1.2 1.0 0.8 Performance (max=1) 0.6 0.4 For Scots pine a flex at zone periphery unit is around 3 lat 0.2 average over zone 0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 Zone size (flex units) Environment -adaptation Wider zones = more maladaptation

  14. EnvironmentG*E for Random sitesHow many for testing clones or progenies?sites2001.xls • Given: the range of environment • Inputs:Available resources cost per plant and per siteVG*EVP within site and entry • Results: number of plant/site and sitesEfficiency

  15. Central factors in tree breeding • Environment • Breeding value (Genetic Gain) • Genetic parameters • Gene diversity • Time • Cost • Technique

  16. Selection in normaldistSELEINT.EXE; SELENOR.EXE • Selection intensity,i , proportional to gain • Variance in truncation selected proportion

  17. 0.4 selectionintensity 0.2 truncation point variation 0.0 -3.0 0.0 3.0 Selection in N(0, 1)

  18. Central factors in tree breeding • Environment • Breeding value (Genetic Gain) • Genetic parameters • Gene diversity • Time • Cost • Technique

  19. Gene diversity! Ark=feature to conserve diversity

  20. Group coancestry • Average coancestry including self-coancestry (“genomsnittligt släktskap”) • Coancestry genes IBD, gene diversity = genes not identical. • Loss of gene diversity = group coancestry • Needs a reference (“source” or “wild”, as inbreeding or coancestry does)

  21. Status number • Effective number • Gene diversity loss - number with the same loss • The same cumulated drift of gene frequencies (cf variance effective number, per generation) • Inbreeding - number which at random mating produces as much inbreeding

  22. Status numberstatus.exe • Input a text file with genotypes and their pedigree tracking back to founders • Returns status number • Made by Gea, Jefferson and Weaver, New Zealand

  23. mother sister aunt uncle cousin What is the group coancestry of this ”family”? Group coancestrycoancestry_matrix.xls • Tutorial, simple pedigree, but transparent

  24. Gene drop analysesretention.xls • “Drops” founder genes through a geneology • Returns the probability that different numbers remains • By Leopoldo Sanchez-Rodrigues

  25. Central factors in tree breedingjoint consideration • Environment • Breeding value (Genetic Gain) • Genetic parameters • Gene diversity • Time • Cost • Technique Linear Deployment Group Merit Selection

  26. Linear deployment Frequency, Proportion g0 (intercept) b (slope) Performance = Breeding Value Linear deployment • Maximises gain at given gene diversity • It is optimal to deploy genetic materials linearly related to their breeding value

  27. Linear deployment b (slope) Performance= Breeding Value g0 (intercept) Frequency, Proportion Linear deploymentLinear Deploymen2000.xls • Any line is a solution, the question is to what problem

  28. Linear deployment with constraint Frequency, Proportion Performance Linear deployment • Works also with constraint (genetic thinning of seed orchards)

  29. Linear deploymentselenor3.exe • General “optimal” linear deployment solutions for normal distribution

  30. Group Merit SelectionCoaDemo.xls • For demonstration • By Zheng&Lindgren • Input: five candidates • Selects three, which maximises the average of breeding value and group coancestry

  31. Group Merit SelectionSelection tool • By Thuy Olsson • Windows oriented, unpack and install • Input: files with candidates and weight of gain versus diversity • Output: A group which maximises the average of breeding value and group coancestry

  32. Orchard Manager orchard_management.xls • By Kang and Lindgren

  33. Central factors in tree breeding- joint consideration • Environment • Breeding value (Genetic Gain) • Genetic parameters • Gene diversity • Time • Cost • Technique Gain predictor Breeding cycler

  34. Gain predictorGainpred.xls • Predicts actually much more than gain • Linear, short-term. ”Starts with plus trees and ends with a seed orchard”

  35. Breeding cyclerBreeding_cycle.xls • By Danusevicius and Lindgren • Long-term cyclic breeding

  36. Tutorials • Mini course on quantitative genetics • Examples

  37. Message from a senior professor of Forest Genetics At least one week attention on the concepts behind TBT is needed each five years • For all who call them-selves forest tree breeders • For all who get the doctors title in forest genetics in the future • For most professional forest geneticists

  38. Ibreeding End of slide show - Time for sauna!

More Related