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Effects of the Enlightenment on the World

Effects of the Enlightenment on the World. “Enlightened Monarchs”. Most of Europe ruled by absolute monarchs Receptive to Enlightenment ideas Instituted new laws and practices. Enlightened Monarchs Frederick II, Prussia Catherine the Great, Russia Maria Theresa, Austria

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Effects of the Enlightenment on the World

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  1. Effects of the Enlightenment on the World

  2. “Enlightened Monarchs” • Most of Europe ruled by absolute monarchs • Receptive to Enlightenment ideas • Instituted new laws and practices Enlightened Monarchs • Frederick II, Prussia • Catherine the Great, Russia • Maria Theresa, Austria • Joseph II, Holy Roman Empire • Gustav III, Sweden • Napoleon I, France

  3. The American Revolution • Influence of Locke, Montesquieu • The Declaration of Independence Thomas Jefferson

  4. The U.S. Constitution • Separation of powers • Checks and balances Painting depicting the Constitutional Convention

  5. The French Revolution • The American Revolution • The Estates General The Marquis de Lafayette

  6. The Declaration of theRights of Man • Adopted by National Assembly in 1789 • “Liberté, Egalité, Fraternité”

  7. The Legacy of the Enlightenment • Government • Society • Education The signing of the U.S. Constitution

  8. Frederick the Great (ruled 1740–1786) • Prussian ruler • Had a strong interest in Enlightenment works • Induced Voltaire to come to Prussia

  9. Frederick the Great (continued) • Wanted to make Prussia a modern state • Reforms Painting titled “Frederick the Great and Voltaire.”

  10. Catherine the Great(ruled 1762–1796) • Russian ruler • Well-versed in Enlightenment works • “Westernizing” Russia

  11. Catherine the Great(continued) • Domestic reforms • Peasant revolt

  12. Maria Theresa (ruled 1740–1780) • Austrian ruler • Government reforms • The serfs • Son—Joseph II

  13. Joseph II (ruled 1765–1790) • Ruled as coregent with his mother until 1780 • Joseph’s reforms • Religious toleration • Control over the Catholic Church • Abolition of serfdom

  14. Gustav III (ruled 1771–1792) • Swedish ruler • Read French Enlightenment works • Reforms • Absolutism

  15. Napoleon I • French ruler • Military career • Rise to power

  16. Napoleon I (continued) • Reforms • Education • Law

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