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THEME A CO2 capture, transport, usage

UKCCSC Meeting, 27 - 28 March 2006 Edinburgh. THEME A CO2 capture, transport, usage. Leader John Oakey Cranfield University. Power Generation Technology Centre. UKCCSC Meeting, 27 - 28 March 2006 Edinburgh. Theme A. A1 – Theme A Integration A2 – Fossil Energy Supply

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THEME A CO2 capture, transport, usage

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  1. UKCCSC Meeting, 27 - 28 March 2006 Edinburgh THEME ACO2 capture, transport, usage Leader John Oakey Cranfield University Power Generation Technology Centre

  2. UKCCSC Meeting, 27 - 28 March 2006 Edinburgh Theme A • A1 – Theme A Integration • A2 – Fossil Energy Supply • A3 – CCS Synergies & Real Time Supply • A4 – CCS as a Bridge to H2 • A5 – Fossil Fuel Use • A6 – CO2 Transport • A7 – Long Term Utilisation

  3. Technical options for carbon capture deployment in the UK (2010, 2020 and 2030) UKCCSC Meeting, 27 - 28 March 2006 Edinburgh Overview of Sub-theme A1 – Theme A Integration Synthesise and add to theme A activities to develop technical options for carbon capture deployment in the UK Input from all theme A participants and advice from all other themes (especially on storage) • Aberdeen • 1 - Definition of Case Studies (windows of opportunity in UKCS based on modelling) • 2 – Economics (costs of capture to give cost/supply curve) • 3 – Policy/Incentives • Imperial College • 1 – Review paper on CO2 capture and transport – to influence debate, scenarios & case studies • Reading • 1 – Guidelines based on theme A scenarios and sensitivity analysis (subtheme A1) External consultation exercise with variety of stakeholders (Jon Gibbins to lead for UKCCSC?) Led by Theme Leader: John Oakey Power Generation Technology Centre

  4. UKCCSC Meeting, 27 - 28 March 2006 Edinburgh Overview of Sub-theme A2 – Fossil Energy Supply Provide background for decision making on the role that can be played by CCS in meeting UK energy supply objectives • Reading • 2 - Life cycle costs & emissions – with & without CCS • 3 - Power plant scheme scenarios & scenario collation • 4 - Sensitivity analysis A2.a Database of LC energy costs & CO2 emissions – report/CD • Aberdeen • 4 – Storage Scenarios A2.b Definition of theme A scenarios* - report Input from Theme B Input from Newcastle 4 (theme A5) A2.c Sensitivity analysis report/CD Require inputs from A2/A3/A4/A5 * scenarios limited to information required for technical cost assessment Sub-theme Leader: Tim Cockerill Power Generation Technology Centre

  5. UKCCSC Meeting, 27 - 28 March 2006 Edinburgh DeliverablesA.2.aDatabase of LC energy costs & CO2 emissionsA.2.b Definition of Theme A ScenariosA.2.c Sensitivity Analysis Report • TASK A.2.1: Overall assessment of lifecycle costs and emissions of fossil fuel supply options • TASK A.2.2: Assessment of impact of future energy supply scenarios • TASK A.2.3: Summary of published and produced data Power Generation Technology Centre

  6. A3.a Assessment of potential role and value of CCS for grid operation (including intermittent renewables) A3.b Biomass co-combustion assessment UKCCSC Meeting, 27 - 28 March 2006 Edinburgh Overview of Sub-theme A3 – CCS Synergies & Real Time Supply Investigate the impact of using renewable energy and nuclear in combination with CCS systems Advice from stakeholders (including DTI and UKERC) • Manchester • Real time supply modelling • 1 – Model design • 2 – Model development • 3 – Model use • Imperial College • 2 – Capture plant definition (work done in A4) • 3 – Consultation on simplified scenarios • 4 – CCS flexibility: value from real time analysis & trading etc • 5 – Biomass links (including with TSEC Biomass consortium) • Cranfield • 1- Biomass reports/ links to biomass projects • Nottingham • 1 - Biomass reports/links to biomass projects Sub-theme Leader: Jon Gibbins Power Generation Technology Centre

  7. UKCCSC Meeting, 27 - 28 March 2006 Edinburgh A.3.a Assessment of potential role and value of CCS for grid operation • TASK A3.1: Capture plant technical definition • TASK A3.2: Consultation on simplified scenarios • TASK A3.3: CCS flexibility: value from real time analysis & trading A.3.b Biomass co-combustion assessment • TASK A3.4: Biomass links Power Generation Technology Centre

  8. UKCCSC Meeting, 27 - 28 March 2006 Edinburgh A.3.4. Biomass links • Evaluation of the possible candidate renewable energy fuels: availability and supply • Potential interactions with capture technologies: Biomass co-processing. - Extending the range of biomass feedstock that can be used and considering future power plant design to maximise the amount of biomass co-fired • Quantification of benefits of using co-firing of renewable fuels • Modelling of CO2 reduction in different energy demand scenarios • Maintain links with TSEC Biomass consortium Power Generation Technology Centre

  9. A4.a Technical review and assessment using CCS for H2 production, in other sectors and to provide offsets UKCCSC Meeting, 27 - 28 March 2006 Edinburgh Overview of Sub-theme A4 – CCS as Bridge to H2 Explore the opportunities for producing H2 using CCS (including consideration of new sectors and offsets – negative CO2 output and saleable credits etc) • Nottingham • 2 – H2 from methane • 3 – Jet fuel from biomass • 4 – Gasification cycle data (reports from other projects) • Imperial College • 6 – H2 use in gas turbines and fuel cells – near term H2 production • Cranfield • 2 – Gasification technical assessment • 2a – Reforming of gaseous feedstocks – e.g. BP • (both to address H2 purity) • (H2 dilution of natural gas supplies? H2 requirements for transport applications?) Input from biomass co-combustion work in A3? Sub-theme Leader: John Oakey Power Generation Technology Centre

  10. UKCCSC Meeting, 27 - 28 March 2006 Edinburgh A.4.a Technical review and assessment using CCS for H2 production in other sectors • TASK A.4.1: Scope of H2 production uptaking actual gasification technology • Review of steam reforming technologyto produce hydrogen • Review of coal gasification and IGCC Power Generation Technology Centre

  11. UKCCSC Meeting, 27 - 28 March 2006 Edinburgh • TASK A.4.2: Scope of coal underground gasification • TASK A.4.3: Catalytic cracking of methane at low temperatures • TASK A.4.4: Jet fuel from biomass • TASK A.4.5: H2 use in gas turbines and fuel cells Power Generation Technology Centre

  12. A5.b Assessment of technical implications of various capture plant technologies UKCCSC Meeting, 27 - 28 March 2006 Edinburgh Overview of Sub-theme A5 – Fossil Fuel Use Assess some key capture technologies International Test Centre at Regina • Nottingham • 5 – Adsorption technologies & economics – reports from other projects Gasification assessment in A4 • Imperial College • 7 – Power plant (steam cycle) model • 8 – Amine scrubber modelling with power plant model (Imperial 7) • 9 – Technical work on power plant flexibility with capture A5.a Technical description of various capture plant technologies • Cranfield • 3 – Lime capture & chemical looping technologies – reports from other projects • 3a – Oxy-fuel – coal (input from IC), gas, etc. • 4 – CCS impact on RAMO • 5 – Impact of CCS on plant operating cycles/flexibility Technical advice on transport (A6) and storage (B) Sub-theme Leader: John Oakey Power Generation Technology Centre

  13. UKCCSC Meeting, 27 - 28 March 2006 Edinburgh A.5.a Technical description of various capture plant technology • TASK A.5.1: Identification and review of the different carbon capture technologies • TASK A.5.2: Power plant model A.5.b Assessment of technical implications of various capture plant technologies • TASK A.5.3: Impact of CCS on plant operating cycles/flexibility Power Generation Technology Centre

  14. Storage N2 Compression CO2 H2 Fuel Fuel conversion (Gasifier) CO2 separation Shift reactor Energy conversion Power O2 Flue gas Air Air separation UKCCSC Meeting, 27 - 28 March 2006 Edinburgh A.5.1.1. Evaluation of the state of art of pre-combustion capture technologies CO2 pre-combustion capture at a coal gasification plant in North Dakota, USA. This plant employs a physical solvent process to separate 3.3 MtCO2 per year from a gas stream to produce synthetic natural gas. Part of the captured CO2 is used for an EOR project in Canada. Power Generation Technology Centre

  15. Fuel CO2/H2O Air O2 Air separation Energy conversion Power CO2 N2 Gas clean-up Compression Storage UKCCSC Meeting, 27 - 28 March 2006 Edinburgh A.5.1.2. Evaluation of the state of art of oxyfuel combustion Oxy-Combustion Pilot Plant 5 MWe CES water cycle plant at Kimberlina, California Flue gas: ~ 97% CO2 Recycle: ~ 75% Power Generation Technology Centre

  16. Air Fuel Flue gas Energy conversion CO2 separation CO2 Power Compression Storage UKCCSC Meeting, 27 - 28 March 2006 Edinburgh A.5.1.3. Evaluation of the state of art of post-combustion technologies • Lime capture & chemical looping technologies – reports from other projects • Adsorption technologies & economics – reports from other projects • Solvent absorption technologies - Amine scrubbing • Membranes technologies CO2 post-combustion capture at a plant in Malaysia. This plant employs a chemical absorption process to separate 0.2 MtCO2 per year from the flue gas stream of a gas-fired power plant for urea production (Courtesy of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries). Power Generation Technology Centre

  17. UKCCSC Meeting, 27 - 28 March 2006 Edinburgh A.5.1.3.1. Lime capture & chemical looping technologies • A.5.1.3.3. Solvent absorption technologies - Amine scrubbing Power Generation Technology Centre

  18. UKCCSC Meeting, 27 - 28 March 2006 Edinburgh A.5.2. Power Plant model • Review of performance standards required for retrofit of CCS on current fossil plants and new more integrated fossil systems • Develop model of steam cycle for carbon capture plant • Define modes of operation of capture plant • Basic amine system modelling (for application to steam power plants with post-combustion capture) • Integrated optimisation of amine scrubber modelling with power plant model Power Generation Technology Centre

  19. UKCCSC Meeting, 27 - 28 March 2006 Edinburgh A.5.3. Impact of CCS on plant operating cycles/flexibility • Identify technologies with most potential for integration with likely developments in fossil generation • Identify optimum capture performance in the context of a flexible power plant producing low cost electricity • Determine the main factors that influence the cost of CO2 capture • CCS impact on RAMO • Influence of CCS on flexibility of IGCC Cost of CO2 Capture Power Generation Efficiency Source: IEA GHG studies Power Generation Technology Centre

  20. UKCCSC Meeting, 27 - 28 March 2006 Edinburgh Overview of Sub-theme A6 – CO2 Transport Generate and collate information on CO2 transport options for the UK Theme B, GIS and Jeremy Colls (Nottingham) • Newcastle • 1 - UK source/sink analysis – CO2 quantities (review) • 2 - CO2 injection technologies review • 3 – Regulatory impacts on CO2 transport • 4 - Transport scenarios – link to theme A1 • 5 – Transport options & costs • Cranfield • 6 – Pipeline materials review • 7 – Pipeline failure risk analysis A6.a Functional and technical review of CO2 transport (including regulations) • Aberdeen • 5 – Transport cost modelling A6.b CO2 transport scenarios for the UK including economic analysis Sub-theme Leader: Martin Downie Power Generation Technology Centre

  21. UKCCSC Meeting, 27 - 28 March 2006 Edinburgh A.6.a. Functional and technical review of CO2 transport (including regulations) • TASK A.6.1: UK source/sink analysis-CO2 quantities • TASK A.6.2: Technical and Regulatory requirements for CO2 transport • TASK A6.3: Transport Options A.6.b. CO2 Transport scenarios for the UK including economic analysis • TASK A6.4: Transport scenarios • TASK A6.5: Strategic options & cost modelling Power Generation Technology Centre

  22. UKCCSC Meeting, 27 - 28 March 2006 Edinburgh A.6.1. UK source/sink analysis - CO2 quantities • Review sources: location; CO2 characteristics; distribution • Review sinks: capacity, geological integrity, proximity to coast, existing infrastructure, EOR. Sink assessment/ranking/selection • Identify locations of suitable offshore storage reservoirs • Identify possible locations of CCS plants, and quantities of CO2 to be transported • Identify existing pipeline infrastructure Sleipner CO2 injection into Utsira deep saline reservoir Power Generation Technology Centre

  23. UKCCSC Meeting, 27 - 28 March 2006 Edinburgh A.6.3. Transport Options • Transport overland, existing or new pipelines • Sub sea transport using existing or new pipelines • Transport by ship, collection from distributed sources, delivery to sink Photo: Dakota Gasification Power Generation Technology Centre

  24. UKCCSC Meeting, 27 - 28 March 2006 Edinburgh A.6.4. Transport scenarios • Identify specific locations of suitable offshore storage reservoirs for scenario • Identify possible location of specific CCS plant, and quantities of CO2 to be transported with respect to the gradual deployment of CCS within the context of the possible energy supply scenarios developed in other themes • Technical assessment and optimisation of CCS transport strategies • Specify regulatory constraints that might impact on developments • Setting specifications and costs for offshore injection platforms • Assessment of costs, technical and operational requirements (including energy consumption) for pipe and ship based transport for the CCS deployments envisaged above • Devise ‘optimal’ transport strategies for various CCS deployment scenarios Possible CCS systems: sources for which CCS might be relevant, transport, and storage options Power Generation Technology Centre

  25. UKCCSC Meeting, 27 - 28 March 2006 Edinburgh Capture & Storage Costs A.6.5. Strategic options & cost modelling • Modelling prospective production of oil and gas from UKCS to 2030 • Modelling prospective end of field lives and economic end of infrastructure in UKCS to 2030 • Modelling Supply/Cost Curves for CO2 Capture Transportation (and Injection Storage EOR) • Modelling Economic Incentives for CO2 Capture Transportation (and Storage/EOR) • Integrate results of detailed transport studies within the techno-economic model to inform/modify life cycle analysis Cost of CO2 Transport Source: www.ieagreen.org.uk Power Generation Technology Centre

  26. A7.a Better understanding of catalysts which allow photocatalytic reduction in CO2 (including catalyst development) UKCCSC Meeting, 27 - 28 March 2006 Edinburgh Overview of Sub-theme A7 – Long Term Utilisation To develop, for the first time, catalysts which allow photocatalytic reduction to be performed in supercritical CO2 • Nottingham • 6 – Develop catalysts • 7 – Probe methods of catalysis • 8 – Use, investigate and assess catalysts developed Sub-theme Leader: Mike George Power Generation Technology Centre

  27. Theme B (Geological Storage) Theme D (Social Processes) Theme E (Dissemination) Theme G (High Level Energy Modelling) Theme H (Dynamic Pathways) Theme C (CCS and environment) Theme F (GIS) UKCCSC Meeting, 27 - 28 March 2006 Edinburgh Cross Theme Interactions Involving Theme A Activities • Aberdeen • Input from Theme B for various tasks • Newcastle • Link to theme B re. GIS work on sinks and injection technologies • Link to theme C on Nottingham work on environmental impact of leaks • Link to GIS for sources/sinks etc • Imperial College • Input from Theme B for plant flexibility definition • Output to GIS from biomass work (if appropriate) • Input from GIS for review paper in A1 • All Theme A • Publish papers and articles and update website • Input to integrating modelling as required/appopriate • Input to Theme A Required from All Other Themes • (not shown schematically) • Advice etc for technical options exercise in theme A1 Power Generation Technology Centre

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