World War I

1. World War I EQ: How did the U.S. involvement in WWI affect the country as well as NC?

2. Key Vocabulary • Alliance: __________________________ ___________________________________ • Central Powers: The alliance between Austria-Hungary and Germany & several other countries. • Allied Powers: ______________________ _____________________________________________________________________

3. Key Vocab. Continued • Trench Warfare: Defending a position by fighting from the protection of deep ditches. • Zimmerman Note: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Contributing Factors to WWI • Nationalism • ___________________________________________________________________________ • Austria-Hungary included people from many cultural groups. • Slavic nationalists wanted to break away from Austria-Hungary and join the independent Slavic country of Serbia. • Imperialism • __________________________________________________________________________________________________ • Germany took the Alsace-Lorraine region from France in 1871, and France wanted it back. • Militarism • __________________________________________________________________________________________ • Raced to build armies and navies • Made alliances to protect themselves

5. The Spark that Ignited a War • Feelings of fear and distrust grew among European powers. • ____________________________________________________________________________ • Slavic nationalists resisted violently; wanted to be a part of Serbia • __________________________________ ________________________________________ • Killed by a Serb nationalist, Gavrilo Princip • ______________________________________

6. Pulled into the Fighting ______________________ • Russia, an ally of Serbia • France, an ally of Russia • _________________________________________________ • ____________________________________ _____________________________ • __________________________________ • ___________________________________

7. Technology of War • Trench warfare, defending a position by fighting from the protection of deep ditches, helped make the war long and deadly. • Cold, wet, and muddy • Disease ran rampant • New technologies • Machine guns • Poison gases • Tanks Land • ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Air • __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sea

10. America Prepares for War • ____________________________________________________________________________ • Americans viewed World War I as a European conflict. • America continued to trade with European nations during the war. • Carried supplies and war materials to the Allies. • ____________________________________________________________________________ • ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

11. America Prepares for WarCont . . . • ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ • ____________________________________________________________

12. America Prepares for WarCont . . . • Selective Service Act - 1917 • ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • Almost 3 million Americans were drafted • ______________________________________________________________________________________________________

16. American Women’s War Effort • __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • ________________________________________________________________________ • About 25,000 women volunteered to serve in non-combat positions in Europe. • Other women protested America’s participation in the war

19. Russia Leaves the War Revolution in Russia • November 1917: a group of Russians known as the Bolsheviks overthrew the Russian government. • Bolsheviks were Communists– people who favor the equal distribution of wealth and the end of all forms of private property. New Government • _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

20. Germany Defeated • At home and on the battlefield, Germans were tired of war. • Food shortages • Riots and strikes • Shortage of soldiers • _____________________________________________________ • Austria-Hungary reached a peace accord with the Allies on November 3, 1918. • __________________________________________________________________________________________________________

21. Casualties Allied: 5 million soldiers dead Central Powers: 3.5 million soldiers dead Financial Losses $30 billion in property destroyed Allies: $145 billion spent Central Powers: $63 billion spent The Cost of WWI

22. The Treaty of Versailles • ____________________________________________________________________________________________ • ____________________________________________________________________________________________ • ____________________________________________________________________________________________ • ____________________________________________________________________________________________

23. The Treaty of Versailles Rejected • ____________________________________________________________________ • ____________________________________________________________________ • Felt like it gave them to much military power