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Towards Radar-Enabled Sensor Networks

Towards Radar-Enabled Sensor Networks. Prabal Dutta prabal@cs.berkeley.edu http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~prabal. with Anish Arora and Steven Bibyk. For this Talk. Radar  UWB Radar. I detect a Mag Object. I detected a Radar Object. Motivating Application – Intrusion Detection.

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Towards Radar-Enabled Sensor Networks

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  1. Towards Radar-Enabled Sensor Networks Prabal Dutta prabal@cs.berkeley.edu http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~prabal with Anish Arora and Steven Bibyk

  2. For this Talk Radar  UWB Radar

  3. I detect a Mag Object I detected a Radar Object Motivating Application – Intrusion Detection

  4. Motivation • Security applications that require • Personnel detection • Stealthy sensors • Low density • The three goals of this talk • Shamelessly proselytize radar • Give you an intuitive appreciation for radar signals • Convince you to consider radar for detection applications

  5. Lots of Sensor Options. Why Use Radar?

  6. Simplified Theory of Operation – Doppler Sensors • Radar transmits short (wideband) pulses with period T = 1/f • Target with vr = v0 reflects Doppler-shifted pulse f ’ • Electronics “mix” TX and RX pulses and output • Target radial velocity can be estimated • Complication: Moving objects contain many surfaces

  7. Dipole antenna UWB radar sensor Range: 0 – 20 m Power 3.4V – 6.0V @ 1mA 5.5V 1% @ 7.5mA Output LPF Doppler baseband Bias: 1.25V (nominal) Range: 0 – 2.5V (VPP) Wakeup: ~ 30 seconds! Mica Power Board Input: 2.7V – 3.3V Output: 3V – 40V Preset: 3.6V, 5.5V Mica Sensor Board Mica2 Processor Board Sensor Electronics

  8. Used default dipole antenna but it has several issues Null in radiation pattern means a major blind spot Considerable energy reflected by ground Discone addresses Vertical polarization Omni-directional Wideband Antenna Considerations

  9. Orientation issues Gimbal mechanism Rotationally self-righting Horizontally self-righting Transparent body Passes solar radiation Looks really cool! Weather Resistance Water-tight enclosure O-ring seals Overheats in FL sun  Enclosure Design

  10. Sensor Traces – Noise

  11. Sensor Traces – Person Walking

  12. Sensor Traces – Person Running

  13. Sensor Traces – Vehicle Driving

  14. Signal Detection – NP Detector with CFAR

  15. Conclusions and Future Work • We • Motivated the application of a remarkably useful sensor • Showed feasibility of integrating UWB radar with motes • Demonstrated a simple CFAR NP signal detector • Highlighted some challenges with simple SP techniques • Current work limited to • Single (or small number of) node(s) • Simple, local detection (and classification) • UWB Doppler motion sensors • Future work • Address false alarm rates through robust detection • Explore collaborative signal processing • Explore low-complexity classification algorithms • Incorporate UWB rangefinders

  16. Discussion

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