Bones and Skeletal Tissue

1. 6 Bones and Skeletal Tissue

2. 1.Which of the following is not a type of cartilage? • Hyaline • Elastic • Fibrocartilage • Dense regular

3. 2.The terms “long,” “short,” “flat,” and “irregular” are used to classify bones based on their ________. • tissue content • function • shape • weight

4. 3.The most important characteristic for designating a bone as a long bone is _________. • its elongated shape • its total length • its length relative to other bones • its location in the body

5. 4.Which of the following functions of the skeletal system would be considered a “metabolic function”? • Protection • Support • Mineral storage • Movement

6. 5.Depressions on bones include ___________. • fossae • trochanters • tubercles • tuberosities

7. 6.An example of a projection on a bone that is a site of muscle or ligament attachment is a ___________. • meatus • head • condyle • trochanter

8. 7.Which of the following is not a type of bone cell? • Osteoblast • Osteoclast • Osteocyte • Osteoclasp

9. 8.An adult male is donating red bone marrow to determine if he is a match to a leukemia patient. Most likely, the doctor will collect the bone marrow from his ____________. • femur diaphysis • humerus diaphysis • sternum • skull

10. 9.The end of a long bone is the ________. • medullary cavity • diaphysis • epiphysis • periosteum

11. 10.A group of concentric rings of bone matrix, comprising the functional unit of long bones, is called a(n) __________. • lamella • osteon • pillar system • Sharpey’s system

12. 11.Adjacent osteocytes communicate via gap junctions found within ________. • lacunae • Volkmann’s canals • Haversian canals • canaliculi

13. 12.The principal component of bone that contributes to its hardness is __________. • hydroxyapatite • collagen • osteoid • organic

14. 13.Which characteristic of cartilage enhances its job as the precursor to endochondral bone? • Cartilage can decay easily. • Cartilage can accommodate mitosis. • Cartilage is a weak tissue. • Cartilage is retained as part of the skeletal system.

15. 14.Bone that forms from fibrous membrane precursors is known as__________. • fibrous bone • endochondral bone • membranous bone • cartilaginous bone

16. 15.All bones formed via intramembranous ossification are ________ bones. • long • short • flat • irregular

17. 16.Which of the following bone cell types is primarily responsible for initiating ossification of bone? • Osteoblasts • Osteoclasts • Osteocytes • Chondroblasts

18. 17.What would long bone growth look like in an individual whose cartilage in the epiphyseal disc stopped dividing? • The long bones would grow excessively. • The long bones would cease growth in length. • The long bones would cease growth in width. • The long bones would appear normal.

19. 18.Adding new bony matrix to injury sites is known as _________. • bone sizing • bone deposition • bone resorption • bone addition

20. 19.The primary metabolic signal that triggers bone deposition is _________. • vitamin D • phosphate • hydroxyapatite • vitamin A

21. 20.Which two hormones work in opposition to control homeostatic blood levels of calcium via bone remodeling? • Thyroid hormone and estrogen • Parathyroid hormone and calcitonin • Calcitonin and estrogen • Parathyroid hormone and estrogen

22. 21.In a patient whose parathyroid glands have been removed, you would expect that person’s blood calcium levels to _______. • decrease • increase • stay the same • increase twofold

23. 22.Calcium’s importance to the body is primarily _____________. • to strengthen bone • to function in numerous metabolic activities (muscle contraction, blood coagulation) • to whiten our teeth • both a and c

24. 23.A local coroner determined that the unidentified skeleton found last week was that of a weight lifter because the muscle attachment sites were much thicker than in a normal person. This phenomenon is known as _______. • calcitonin metabolism • the weight lifter law • bone resorption • Wolff’s law

25. 1.Which of the following is not a type of cartilage? • Hyaline • Elastic • Fibrocartilage • Dense regular

26. 2.The terms “long,” “short,” “flat,” and “irregular” are used to classify bones based on their ________. • tissue content • function • shape • weight

27. 3.The most important characteristic for designating a bone as a long bone is _________. • its elongated shape • its total length • its length relative to other bones • its location in the body

28. 4.Which of the following functions of the skeletal system would be considered a “metabolic function”? • Protection • Support • Mineral storage • Movement

29. 5.Depressions on bones include ___________. • fossae • trochanters • tubercles • tuberosities

30. 6.An example of a projection on a bone that is a site of muscle or ligament attachment is a ___________. • meatus • head • condyle • trochanter

31. 7.Which of the following is not a type of bone cell? • Osteoblast • Osteoclast • Osteocyte • Osteoclasp

32. 8.An adult male is donating red bone marrow to determine if he is a match to a leukemia patient. Most likely, the doctor will collect the bone marrow from his ____________. • femur diaphysis • humerus diaphysis • sternum • skull

33. 9.The end of a long bone is the ________. • medullary cavity • diaphysis • epiphysis • periosteum

34. 10.A group of concentric rings of bone matrix, comprising the functional unit of long bones, is called a(n) __________. • lamella • osteon • pillar system • Sharpey’s system

35. 11.Adjacent osteocytes communicate via gap junctions found within ________. • lacunae • Volkmann’s canals • Haversian canals • canaliculi

36. 12.The principal component of bone that contributes to its hardness is __________. • hydroxyapatite • collagen • osteoid • organic

37. 13.Which characteristic of cartilage enhances its job as the precursor to endochondral bone? • Cartilage can decay easily. • Cartilage can accommodate mitosis. • Cartilage is a weak tissue. • Cartilage is retained as part of the skeletal system.

38. 14.Bone that forms from fibrous membrane precursors is known as__________. • fibrous bone • endochondral bone • membranous bone • cartilaginous bone

39. 15.All bones formed via intramembranous ossification are ________ bones. • long • short • flat • irregular

40. 16.Which of the following bone cell types is primarily responsible for initiating ossification of bone? • Osteoblasts • Osteoclasts • Osteocytes • Chondroblasts

41. 17.What would long bone growth look like in an individual whose cartilage in the epiphyseal disc stopped dividing? • The long bones would grow excessively. • The long bones would cease growth in length. • The long bones would cease growth in width. • The long bones would appear normal.

42. 18.Adding new bony matrix to injury sites is known as _________. • bone sizing • bone deposition • bone resorption • bone addition

43. 19.The primary metabolic signal that triggers bone deposition is _________. • vitamin D • phosphate • hydroxyapatite • vitamin A

44. 20.Which two hormones work in opposition to control homeostatic blood levels of calcium via bone remodeling? • Thyroid hormone and estrogen • Parathyroid hormone and calcitonin • Calcitonin and estrogen • Parathyroid hormone and estrogen

45. 21.In a patient whose parathyroid glands have been removed, you would expect that person’s blood calcium levels to _______. • decrease • increase • stay the same • increase twofold

46. 22.Calcium’s importance to the body is primarily _____________. • to strengthen bone • to function in numerous metabolic activities (muscle contraction, blood coagulation) • to whiten our teeth • both a and c

47. 23.A local coroner determined that the unidentified skeleton found last week was that of a weight lifter because the muscle attachment sites were much thicker than in a normal person. This phenomenon is known as _______. • calcitonin metabolism • the weight lifter law • bone resorption • Wolff’s law