Background to the APF

1. Tracking development commitments through the UNECA-OECD Mutual Review of Development Effectiveness in Africa What lessons for tracking investments in AR4D? GFAR Stakeholder Workshop Berlin, 20 January 2012 Karim Hussein, Technical Advisor Africa Partnership Forum Support Unit/OECD www.africapartnershipforum.org apf.contact@oecd.org

2. Background to the APF • High level forum launched in 2003 following G8 Evian Summit to: • - broaden the dialogue between G8 and NEPAD, toinclude non-G8 development partners & international development agencies - catalyse action to support Africa’s development • The APF meets twice a year to discuss: • keypolicy issues for Africa in regional/global processes • implementation of development commitments • Supported by OECD-hosted Support Unit and NEPAD Agency All APF documents available at: www.africapartnershipforum.org

3. UNECA/OECD Mutual Review of Development Effectiveness in Africa (MRDE) • Joint UNECA / OECD Report – one of the main mutual accountability exercises in Africa, endorsed by African / NEPAD leaders • First edition in 2006; 2010 Report launched at MDG Review Summit 2010 • Interim 2011 report prepared for African/G8 summits to complement self assessments on commitments and mutual accountability • Latest: Main 2011 report launched last October • Interim 2012 report, with new data, to be launched in May to feed into G8 / G20 and other regional and global policy processes

4. About the MRDE report • A key exercise in mutual accountability to ‘track’ actions • and results against commitments, drawing on a range of sources, • official data and policy analysis • Four questions addressed: • 1. What commitments have been made by Africa and its partners? 2. Have these been delivered? 3. What have the results been? 4. What are the key future priorities? • Four ‘clusters’ of topics: • Sustainable economic growth (incl. agriculture); • Investing in people (incl. food security); • (iii) Good governance; • (iv) Financing for development (incl. domestic resources, ODA, FDI, external debt, climate finance)

5. Types of data monitored in the MRDE • GDP growth • Agricultural GDP growth compared to GDP growth – trends over time • ODA trends to Africa • ODA to Africa by sector • Public (national) revenues compared to ODA / DRM • Development finance to Africa • Evolution of numbers of undernourished • MDG implementation progress in Africa Multiple official sources: OECD DAC & AEO / World Bank / IMF / FAO / UN / IFPRI / ReSAKSS…….

13. Investment in Agriculture and AR4D • Key conclusion Agricultural growth improving in Africa, but below CAADP 6% target More effort needed on investment, policy reform and trade • Continuing challenges • Agricultural growth slower than overall growth in recent years: production increases • dependent on increase in land cultivated • - Fertiliser use less than 10% world and less than 10% arable land irrigated • 60-80% of production by smallholders - but smallholder access to productive land under • increasing pressure and access to technology / innovation limited • - Africa’s share of global agricultural exports remains at 2% • Pointing to key future priorities • Africa: Accelerate CAADP implementation; continue to deepen regional • integration; increase public and private investment in agricultural value chains; mainstream • environmental sustainability and climate change; remove duties on inputs; increase market • transparency and create a predictable policy framework to foster private investment, and • secure smallholder access to land • Development partners: Deliver sustained assistance to African agriculture; promote • responsible investment in line with G20 principles; increase African producer access to • markets, reduce subsidies and remove barriers to trade at national, regional and global levels

14. Food Security • Key conclusion: Food prices remain high and volatile. Need to scale up regional cooperation and safety nets • Continuing challenges Volatile global economic environment, increasing concerns on agriculture and food security • Pointing to key future priorities • Africa: Accelerate regional coordination on early warning; develop food security information systems, safety nets and emergency food reserves; develop market mechanisms to manage risks; increase investment in agricultural value chains and productivity; open markets to allow food to flow from surplus to deficit areas; improve technology generation, dissemination and innovation, particularly for smallholders and vulnerable groups; integrate climate change / variability into food security strategies • Development partners: Deliver AFSI commitments; seek a successful outcome to global • negotiations on trade and climate change; remove production distorting subsidies and trade barriers; implement G20 recommendations on price volatility

15. Implications for tracking investment in AR4D • MRDE process: an example of a regular joint monitoring process of development commitments, delivery, results and identification of priorities. Some lessons to help develop a tracking system tailored to AR4D across regions • Undertake tracking in consultation with key stakeholders and prepare regular updates - validates conclusions and helps ensure they inform policy / investment decisions • Develop a clear, simple common framework: start simple, improve with experience • Analyse AR4D investment trends at global, regional, national levels + link between these • Monitor major commitments on funding AR4D and comparable data from several (official) sources; investment impact review at national level needs diverse data and sources • Complement official sources with academic, PS, and civil society information • Identify key priorities for the future of AR4D – clearly linked to tracking and development effectiveness agenda • Engage key actors, producers and users in the sector in data collection, results analysis and identification of research priorities (e.g. partnership, demand driven….)