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Chapter 8: Creating the Constitution. Mr. Meza 8 th Grade U.S. History. The United States After the Revolution. 1. Compromise. A settlement of differences by mutual concessions. 2. How did Americans feel about a central government?.
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Chapter 8:Creating the Constitution Mr. Meza 8th Grade U.S. History
1. Compromise • A settlement of differences by mutual concessions
2. How did Americans feel about a central government? • They feared that a central government would take away the rights they fought for
3. What were the Articles of Confederation? • The first written plan of government f0r the United States • Each state had 1 vote • Congress could declare war and print money • Congress was unable to impose taxes
4. Where is the Northwest Territory ? • A region of the U.S. bounded by the Ohio and Mississippi rivers and the Great Lakes
5. What is the Land Ordinance of 1785? • Law that divided the Northwest Territory into smaller territories called townships 6 sq miles by 6 sq miles • It affected the Northwest territory
6. What was the Northwest Ordinance of 1787? • Divided the northwest into smaller territories with a governor • 5,000 free adult males = elect own legislature • 60,000 people = apply to become a state
7. What impact did Shays’s Rebellion have on the government? • Delegates met in Philadelphia in May 1787 • Intended to revise the Articles of Confederation
8. What was the Constitutional Convention? • Started: May 25, 1787 • Meeting at which delegates would end up writing the U.S. Constitution
9. Who was James Madison? • From Virginia • He was the best prepared delegate at the Constitutional Convention • “The father of the Constitution”
10. What was the Virginia Plan? • Drafted by James Madison • To have a strong central government with 3 branches/parts • Legislative branch (Congress) = make laws • Executive branch = carry out laws • Judicial branch/courts = apply and interpret laws
11. How was Congress to be under the Virginia Plan? • Made up of two houses: • The House of Representatives • The Senate • A state’s population would determine the number of lawmakers to represent that state in Congress
12. What was the New Jersey Plan? • Like the Virginia plan, it called for a central government with the same three branches
13. How was Congress different under the N.J. Plan? • Instead of two houses, there would only be one house • Each state would have an equal vote in Congress, regardless of the state’s size
14. What was the Great Compromise? • Agreement on how both the people and the states would be represented in Congress • House of Representative = represent the people (based on the state’s population) • The Senate = represents the states (two senators for each state)
15. What was the three-fifths compromise? • Determined that enslaved persons would count as three-fifths of a person to determine a state’s population
16. What is the Electoral College? • Group established by the Constitution to elect the president and vice president
17. What is ratify? • To formally approve a plan or an agreement
18. Who were the Federalists? • Supporters of the Constitution. • James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay led the Federalist campaign
19. The Federalist Papers • A series of newspaper essays written by Madison, Alexander, and Jay explaining how the Constitution would remedy the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation
20. Who were the anti-Federalist? • Opponents of the Constitution • Argued that the plan listed the powers of Congress but not the rights of the people
