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Commas (2)

Commas (2). Use commas to set off an appositive—a word or group of words that identifies or renames a noun or a pronoun I have visited only one country, Canada , outside the United States. Carlos Santana, leader of the group Santana , played at Woodstock in 1969.

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Commas (2)

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  1. Commas (2) Use commas to set off an appositive—a word or group of words that identifies or renames a noun or a pronoun • I have visited only one country, Canada, outside the United States. • Carlos Santana, leader of the group Santana, played at Woodstock in 1969.

  2. Use commas to set off nonrestrictive clauses, clauses that are not essential to a sentence’s meaning. Do not use commas to set off restrictive clauses. Restrictive clauses contain essential information. • Many rock stars who recorded hits in the 1950s made little money. • Telephone calling-card fraud, which cost customers and phone companies billions of dollars last year, is increasing.

  3. More on restrictive clauses • Who can introduce either a restrictive or nonrestrictive clause • Many parents who work feel a lot of stress. • Both of my parents, who have always wanted the best for their children, have worked two jobs for years. • Which always introduces a nonrestrictive clause • The job, which had excellent benefits, did not pay well. • That always introduces a restrictive clause • He accepted the job that had the best benefits.

  4. Use commas in dates to separate the day of the month from the year. The first Cinco de Mayo we celebrated in the US was Tuesday, May 5, 1998. When a date that includes commas does not come at the end of a sentence, place the comma after the date Tuesday, May 5, 1998, was the first Cinco de Mayo celebrated in the US. Use commas in addresses to separate the street address from the city and the city from the state or country The office of Sherlock Holmes was located at 221b Baker Street, London, England. When an address that includes commas does not fall at the end of the sentence, place a comma after the state or country. The office at 221b Baker Street, London, England, belonged to Sherlock Holmes. Commas in dates and addresses

  5. Unnecessary Commas Do not use a comma between a subject and a verb. • INCORRECT: Students and their teachers, should try to respect one another. • CORRECT: Students and their teachers should try to respect one another. Do not use a comma before a dependent clause (cannot stand alone) that follows an independent clause • INCORRECT: He was exhausted, because he had driven all night. • CORRECT: He was exhausted because he had driven all night.

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