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History of Atomic Theory

History of Atomic Theory. By: Tiyan Singletary. Democritus.

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History of Atomic Theory

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  1. History of Atomic Theory By: Tiyan Singletary

  2. Democritus Democritus was a Greek philosopher born in 460 B.C. Democritus’ atomic theory stated that everything is composed of atoms. These atoms cannot be divisible or destroyed. His theory was, however, repeatedly questioned due to the fact that he had not conducted any experiments to prove it.

  3. John Dalton John Dalton was an English chemist in Eaglesfield, England on September 6, 1766. In 1803, Dalton developed his own atomic theory. His theory stated that atoms are indestructible and indivisible; atoms of a given element have identical masses and properties; compounds are a combination of two or more different atoms; a chemical reaction is a rearrangement of atoms.

  4. Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev Dmitri Mendeleev was a Russian chemist born in Siberia in 1834. In 1869, Mendeleev developed the Periodic Table of Elements. He arranged the first 63 previously discovered elements in order according to their atomic weight and chemical and physical properties.

  5. Eugene Goldstein Eugene Goldstein was a German physicist born in Poland in September 5, 1850. In 1885, Goldstein experimented with cathode rays and noticed that a second stream of particles were attracted to the negatively charged electrode and called them anodes. He is also credited for discovering the proton.

  6. Henri Becquerel Henri Becquerel was a French chemist born in France on December 15, 1852. In 1896, Henri accidentally left a piece of uranium on a photographic plate and saw that it left an image even without light. Accidentally, Henri had discovered radioactivity.

  7. J.J. Thomson J.J. Thomson was a British physicist born in the United Kingdom on December 18, 1856. Thomson first suggested that atoms were made of positive and negative particles. In 1897, Thomson developed the planetary model of the atom, stating that these positive and negative particles revolved around the atom.

  8. Ernest Rutherford Ernest Rutherford was a British chemist born in New Zealand on August 30, 1871. In 1907, Rutherford fired alpha particles at a thin gold foil with a cathode ray and observed how a particle was rebounded of the gold foil and back to the ray. Using his gold foil experiment, he discovered that something dense and positively charged was inside the atom, which was the nucleus.

  9. Robert Millikan Robert Millikan was an American physicist born in Illinois on March 22, 1868. In 1910, Millikandiscovered the downward gravitational force and the upward electrical and buoyant forces of charged oil droplets suspended between two metal plates. The mass of the droplets and the density of the oil were known, so the gravitational and buoyant forces could be calculated from the measured radii of the oil drops. Using his oil drop experiment, he discovered the mass of electrons and positively charged atoms.

  10. Frederick Soddy Frederick Soddy was an English radio chemist born in England on September 2, 1877. While experimenting with Rutherford, Soddy observed that radioactive elements decayed into other elements and produced alpha, beta, and gamma radiation in 1913.

  11. NielsBohr NielsBohr was a Danish physicist born in Denmark on October 7, 1885. In 1913, NielsBohr theorized that electrons travel around an atomic nucleus in a stationary orbit. His work also led to the theory of different energy levels in atoms.

  12. Werner Heisenberg Werner Heisenberg was a German theoretical physicist born in Germany on December 5, 1901. Heisenberg is known for his Uncertainty Principle in 1925. The Uncertainty Principle states that the exact location and energy of an electron cannot be determined simultaneously. Finding one value (the energy or the location), means that there will be some uncertainty when finding the other value.

  13. James Chadwick James Chadwick was an English physicist born in England on October 20, 1891. In 1932, Chadwick discovered the neutron and that the neutron helps stabilize the nucleus of the atom.

  14. Picture Citations New picture for Bohr and Thomson Inside an Atom http://static.ddmcdn.com/gif/laser1.jpg Atom Model http://www.google.com/imgres?q=atoms&um=1&hl=en&sa=N&biw=1206&bih=675&tbm=isch&tbnid=OLv_Bunl2lj1AM:&imgrefurl=http://www.howstuffworks.com/atom.htm&docid=kjclw3AsWsKcGM&imgurl=http://static.ddmcdn.com/gif/atom-quantum.jpg&w=400&h=300&ei=mEOLUL75Ko660QGbiYGQAQ&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=619&sig=106154442942167935609&page=1&tbnh=146&tbnw=195&start=0&ndsp=19&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:0,i:156&tx=126&ty=110

  15. Picture Citations Democritus http://www.google.com/imgres?q=democritus&um=1&hl=en&noj=1&authuser=0&tbm=isch&tbnid=U_euPH7WZ8jl1M:&imgrefurl=http://www.nndb.com/people/790/000087529/&docid=mfkaIJFeC0MYxM&imgurl=http://www.nndb.com/people/790/000087529/democritus-1-sized.jpg&w=293&h=339&ei=vSCCUJX-M8bm0gGrnoHwDQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=120&vpy=170&dur=104&hovh=242&hovw=209&tx=109&ty=125&sig=106154442942167935609&page=1&tbnh=152&tbnw=128&start=0&ndsp=22&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0,i:137&biw=1206&bih=683 John Dalton http://www.google.com/imgres?q=john+dalton&um=1&hl=en&noj=1&authuser=0&tbm=isch&tbnid=laBEwt4Eezd1UM:&imgrefurl=http://www.biography.com/people/john-dalton-9265201&docid=mtSSWr29mewt3M&imgurl=http://www.biography.com/imported/images/Biography/Images/Profiles/D/John-Dalton-9265201-1-402.jpg&w=402&h=402&ei=NCGCUKuyA5PD0AHc64GICw&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=321&sig=106154442942167935609&page=1&tbnh=142&tbnw=145&start=0&ndsp=24&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:0,i:117&tx=40&ty=60&biw=1206&bih=683 Mendeleev http://www.google.com/imgres?q=mendeleev&um=1&hl=en&noj=1&authuser=0&tbm=isch&tbnid=on2EDTvgTt9STM:&imgrefurl=http://www.bluffton.edu/~bergerd/nsc_111/science2.html&docid=Hyk1OPXRHCzC7M&imgurl=http://www.bluffton.edu/~bergerd/nsc_111/images/Mendeleev.gif&w=263&h=270&ei=myGCUNGjNMrL0QHtuYHQDg&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=413&sig=106154442942167935609&page=1&tbnh=137&tbnw=133&start=0&ndsp=22&ved=1t:429,r:3,s:0,i:146&tx=118&ty=78&biw=1206&bih=683

  16. Picture Citations Goldstein http://www.google.com/imgres?q=eugene+goldstein+atomic+model&um=1&hl=en&noj=1&authuser=0&tbm=isch&tbnid=Rh4f63HsDson0M:&imgrefurl=http://dylangaydula.edublogs.org/2011/10/30/history-of-the-atom/&docid=va8fT0lkeCOSpM&imgurl=http://www.crtsite.com/image/goldstein.jpg&w=126&h=187&ei=4yKCUKfQIbKu0AHFoIDIDg&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=270&sig=106154442942167935609&page=1&tbnh=149&tbnw=80&start=0&ndsp=17&ved=1t:429,r:6,s:0,i:116&tx=25&ty=23&biw=1206&bih=683 Becquerel http://www.google.com/imgres?q=henri+becquerel+atomic+model&um=1&hl=en&noj=1&authuser=0&tbm=isch&tbnid=MYYmhiIhqGecRM:&imgrefurl=http://pictureorphoto.blogspot.com/2011/01/henri-becquerel-pictures_7413.html&docid=eoejg3hNO3GbOM&imgurl=http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_7yB-eeGviiI/TSI9v8JRo7I/AAAAAAAAFAY/r0kB--KKigQ/s1600/Henri_Becquerel3.jpg&w=335&h=450&ei=xiKCUPCnE-fp0gHSn4HoCg&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=117&vpy=157&dur=988&hovh=260&hovw=194&tx=121&ty=172&sig=106154442942167935609&page=1&tbnh=144&tbnw=107&start=0&ndsp=23&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0,i:137&biw=1206&bih=683 Thomson http://www.chemheritage.org/Discover/Online-Resources/Chemistry-in-History/Themes/Atomic-and-Nuclear-Structure/asset_upload_file978_61210_thumbnail.jpg

  17. Picture Citations Rutherford http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1908/rutherford.jpg Millikan http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1923/millikan.jpg Soddy http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1921/soddy.jpg Bohr http://www.nndb.com/people/560/000024488/neils-bohr-sized.jpg Heisenberg http://www.windows2universe.org/people/images/heisenberg.gif Chadwick http://www.google.com/imgres?q=james+chadwick&um=1&hl=en&sa=N&noj=1&authuser=0&tbm=isch&tbnid=eBcpbbJ4HuD84M:&imgrefurl=http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1935/chadwick-bio.html&docid=WA0NmHQQU95zWM&imgurl=http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1935/chadwick.jpg&w=162&h=227&ei=IiCCULAj6LLRAYv2gegM&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=140&vpy=205&dur=414&hovh=181&hovw=129&tx=93&ty=116&sig=106154442942167935609&page=1&tbnh=144&tbnw=104&start=0&ndsp=24&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0,i:124&biw=1206&bih=683

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