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Internet del futuro

Internet del futuro. Prof. Maurizio Dècina. The Internet of the Future. The Semantic Web (knowledge). The Ubiquitous Web (people & objects). Social Networks Semantic Web Internet of Things Web Services. Increasing Knowledge Networking. The Web (information). The Social Web

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Internet del futuro

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  1. Internet del futuro Prof. Maurizio Dècina Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013

  2. The Internet of the Future The Semantic Web (knowledge) The Ubiquitous Web (people & objects) Social Networks Semantic Web Internet of Things Web Services Increasing Knowledge Networking The Web (information) The Social Web (people) Increasing Social Networking After Nova Spivak, Radar Networks & Mills Davis, Project 10x Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013

  3. The Network of the Future Internet Architecture & Network Technologies Converged & Optical Networks Optical switching High Speed Broadband Access Application server   Gateway Public Internet Operator A Personal space Ad-Hoc mesh relay Optical transmission  Cellular and beyond Operator B Application server Cooperating Objects/Sensor Networks Broadcast Spectrum Efficient Radio Access European Commission, Information Society & Media Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013

  4. Internet with Things Smart Cities Environment Monitoring & Control Internet of Things Smart Buildings & Homes 1012 Internet of People Storage & Logistics Smart Meters 109 Vehicles & Transportation Industrial Plants Mobile Services e-Health Personal Sensors Sensing Applications Internet + Internet of Things = Wisdom of the Earth Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013

  5. WSN 6LoWPAN & ROLL Remote Server Local Server INTERNET Router Router Backhaul link Backbone link IPv6-LoWPAN Router Stack Edge Router Edge Router • Routing Over Low power and Lossy networks (ROLL) • Standard routing algorithm for embedded apps • Application specific requirements • Home automation • Commercial building automation • Industrial automation • Urban environment R R R H R R R Simple LoWPAN H R R H H R H H H H Extended LoWPAN H R R R Ad-hoc LoWPAN H H H Sources: 6LoWPAN, The Wireless Embedded Internet, Shelby & Bormann, 2009 Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013

  6. Representing & Identifying Things An Individual, Uniquely Addressable Resource Web- Oriented Architecture (WOA) Resource Examples: Web page Customer Orders Products Blog posts Stock quotes Geolocations Map tiles Headshots Call records Podcasts Ajax components Web widgets Advertisements OpenOffice docs URI typeformat Web markupHTML, XHTML Data XML, ATOM, JSON Images JPG, SVG, PNG Video MPEG, AVI, H.264 Code Jsvascript, SWF Interact via HTTP • Non exhaustive list of • possiblerepresentations • Links (URIs) to globallyunique • resources, in lieu of copies WOA/Client Source: Dion Hinchcliffe, 2008 • For each Real Object there is a representation in the cloud for duplications, synchronization, re-creation of the object, etc. • Actions and events on the Real Object act on network images and clones, and vice versa • Any Virtual Object is addressable • Every Virtual Object can be dynamically associated to a User Identity • Every user can have control over a specific virtualized object or aggregation of objects Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013

  7. Programming the Web of Things WoT 3.0 High Internet of Things DiY applications Web 2.0 Bottom-up applications User value Web 1.0 Top-down applications Low Embedded Web Services CoRE, Constrained RESTful Environment CoAP, Constrained Application Protocol DPWS, Device Profile for Web Services Low High Design effort Source: Lieven Trappeniers, 2009 Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013

  8. Cloud Computing Taxonomy BUSINESS PROCESSES AS A SERVICE (BPAAS) SOFTWARE AS A SERVICE (SAAS) SERVICE CATEGORIES PLATFORM AS A SERVICE (PAAS) INFRASTRUCTURE AS A SERVICE (IAAS) DEDICATED COMMUNITY HYBRID CLOUD PRIVATE CLOUD PUBLIC CLOUD Behavioral Cloudonomics by Joe Weinman, 2010 Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013

  9. Old and New Internet Models Global Transit/ National Backbones Global Internet Core “Hyper Giants” Content, CDN, Consumer “Hyper Giants” Tier 1 ISP National Backbone Operators Settlement free NAP NAP IXP IXP Regional Access Providers Regional/ Tier2 Providers Pay for transit BW ISP1 ISP2 Customer Networks Local Access Providers Pay for access BW ISP1 ISP2 ISP3 Consumer and business customers ISP1 Flatter and much more densely interconnected Internet Disintermediation between content and eyeball networks New commercial models between content, consumer and transit Customer Networks Consumer and business customers NAP: Neutral Access Point IXP: Internet Exchange Point Source: Craig Labowitz, Arbor Networks , April, 2011 Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013

  10. Managed Internet Services (QoS) Cloud Computing • The evolution to on-demand service models, enabled by virtualization and communication networks, offers the opportunity to further advanced scenarios of "utility computing " Internet of Things • The spread of cheap and pervasive computing capacity and sensors opens the way for automation applications and mass market Web applications involving personal and public smart objects Smart Grid • The transformation of the energy sector (especially electricity) is based on a substantial supply of ICT infrastructure components able to "activate“ the energy transport network e-Health • The emerging need for health and social care (also associated with the growth of population life expectancy) finds in ICT a chance to increase effectiveness and efficiency Intelligent Vehicle Transportation • ICT offers opportunities to support the growing need of security, safety and efficiency in the transportation sector, in particular for vehicles traffic automation and control Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013

  11. Mobile NFC Applications Card Emulation Mode Transaction: Mobile payments, Ticketing, Access control, Transit, Top-ups, Toll gate SECURE Peer to peer Communications Connectivity: Data transfer: fast, easy & convenient device association, setup & configuration Reader Mode Service Discovery: Content distribution, Information access, Smart advertising Source: NFC Forum, 2008 Tata Docomo, Active Poster Wave & Pay m-Health Alcatel-Lucent Wallet Phone Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013

  12. Future Mobile Device SENSING SEEING INTERACTING Augmented reality UI Map, 3D, in building navigation Local content & service discovery Connection manager Sources: from Qualcomm, USI, 2010 KNOWS LEARNS DISCOVERS FILTERS You and what is around you What you like Things relevant to you Out the irrelevant Massive scale computations (billions of simultaneous transactions) needed to mash up personal data, preferences, real world data, and device capability Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013

  13. Internet of Things, Big Data &Collective Intelligence Distributed Cloud Big Data Mobile Devices People Servers & storage Analysis engines Virtual people, devices & objects People, personal spaces & social networks Mirror World Universe of smart objects personal, social & public objects Smart Objects Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013

  14. Wireline vs. Wireless Peak AccessBandwidth NG-PON2 Wireline & Wireless Public Access Aggregated Bandwidth Peaks  1 Terabit/s 100 Gbit/s 10 Gbit/s 1 Gbit/s 100 Mbit/s 10 Mbit/s 1 Mbit/s 100 kbit/s 10 kbit/s WDM-PON  10GPON   GPON LTE-Beyond   VDSL2 LTE-Advanced  ADSL2+  LTE   ADSL HSPA+   HSPA ISDN   UMTS GSM  1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 Source: M. Dècina, 2011 Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013

  15. Reti «convergenti» fisse e mobili Common Public Radio Interface over Optical Networks RRU DWDM PON RN RRU Micro/Pico Cell Cluster Micro Cell Cluster DWDM RING DWDM PON DWDM PON RN Central Unit CU (baseband, BBU) RRU - Antenna & RF Assets RRU Micro/Pico Cell Cluster Macro cells Micro cells Coverage Area Pico/Femto cells Alcatel-Lucent LightRadio User Capacity/Throughput Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013

  16. CN Mobile SN SN SN SN SN SN Converged Access and Aggregation Optical Packet Backbone 30 PoP Areas PoP B PoP A BB BB NAT NAT ISw ISw BNAS BNAS OLO kdc Legacy GW Legacy GW OLO kdc SN SN SN SN SN SN CN Mobile CDN CDN DPI AgN AgN DPI ON ON DPI, NAT & Cache BNAS blades DWDM (mesh & ring) ON ON ON CDN AgN SN AN L1 L1 L2 L3 L3 ON AN Optical Node AN AN AN ISw Access Node IntraPoP Switch Access Site Access Site Access Site AgN CDN AggregationNode Content Delivery SN DPI Service Node Deep Packet Inspection BB NAT AN AN AN BackBoneNode AddressTranslation Access Site Access Site Access Site< Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013

  17. Piattaforme di controllo e servizio Convergenza ? IMS IMS HLR HSS HSS AS AS CSCF CSCF Content Mgmt Messaging CDN DAM Policy Manager POP Mobile Core IP Edge MSC SBC PDNG DPI DPI MME PE GGSN BNAS SGSN Aggregation / Metro Accesso Fisso BB Mobile 2G/3G/4G SBC: Session Border Controller HSS: Home Subscriber Server DAM: Digital Asset Management DPI: Deep Packet Inspection MME: Mobility Management Entity PDNG: Packet Data Network GTW Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013

  18. Software Defined Networks Controller Well-defined open API Feature/App . . . Feature/App Rete tradizionale Abstract Network View Network OS Feature F F Feature F F Feature F F OS OS OS Open interface to packet forwarding Custom Hardware Custom Hardware Custom Hardware Hardware standard Hardware standard • Separazione del Piano di Controllo dal Piano Dati; il controllo diventa ‘logicamente’ centralizzato nel Network Operating Systems (NOS) • API aperte sia con i nodi (es. oggi con OpenFlow) sia con le applicazioni, permettendo attraverso una serie di astrazioni la programmabilità di rete • Integrazione tra i domini IT e di Rete Hardware standard • Aumento della flessibilità e velocità di innovazione • Riduzione degli investimenti • Semplificazione delle procedure operative Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013

  19. Architettura di rete del futuro Third Party Services Virtual Retail Future Telco Env.ss Evolution Learning Services Future of Enterprise Energy Processes Abstract Network View Ecosystem of Services API Iaas, PaaS, SaaS, CaaS, NaaS,… + Network Services API Network OS API Access IP Platform Wireline OpticalPlatform Wireless Aggregation Metro Core Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013

  20. Hand Over Number Service Area B Service Area A MSC BSC Cells Mobile Nomi e indirizzi per mobilità: 3GPP • Nomi • IMSI – International Mobile Subscriber Number • Temporary IMSI: TIMSI • Indirizzi • MSISDN Number • MSRN - Roaming Number • HON – Hand Over Number Roaming Number HLR GMSC HLR GMSC VLR MSC VLR MSC Service Area Service Area Service Area Service Area Service Area Service Area Cellular Operator B Cellular Operator A Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013

  21. Distributed Hash Table - DHTChord: Query Routing • Properties • Routing table size O(log(N)), where N is the total number of nodes • Guarantees that a file is found in O(log(N)) steps • Routing Rule Upon receiving a query for item id, a node • Checks whether stores the item locally • If not, forwards the query to the largest node in its successor table that does not exceed id, or that is equal or immediately greater than id Succ. Table i id+2i succ 0 1 1 1 2 2 2 4 6 Items 7; 0 0 Succ. Table 1 i id+2i succ 0 2 2 1 3 6 2 5 6 7 query(7) Item 1 6 2 Hash size=3 bit 4 nodes, 8 items Succ. Table i id+2i succ 0 7 0 1 0 0 2 2 2 Succ. Table Items 3; 4; 5; 6 i id+2i succ 0 3 6 1 4 6 2 6 6 5 3 4 Item 2 N Nodes, K Items: each node k stores items with id ≤ k Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013

  22. Content Centric Networking • NDO – Named Data Object • Web page • Document • Movie • Photo • Song • Streaming media • Interactive media… • Namespace: hierarchical vs. flat • NRS – Name Resolution Service • Routing of NDO request • Routing of NDO back to requester Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013

  23. Content Centric NetworkingData Oriented Network Architecture, DONA Resolution Handlers Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013

  24. Content Centric NetworkingPublishSubscribe Internet Routing Paradigm - PSIRP SI: Scope ID RI: Rendezvous ID FI: Forward ID Requester Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013

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