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Phylum Arthropoda

Phylum Arthropoda. General Characteristics. Arthropod = _______________ Largest group of animals 80% of described species 30-50 million species Most varied. General Characteristics Con’t. Metamerism (body divided into segments) _____________________________ Paired, jointed appendages

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Phylum Arthropoda

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  1. Phylum Arthropoda

  2. General Characteristics • Arthropod = _______________ • Largest group of animals • 80% of described species • 30-50 million species • Most varied

  3. General Characteristics Con’t • Metamerism (body divided into segments) • _____________________________ • Paired, jointed appendages • Ecdysis-molting (growth) • Open Circulatory System • Complete digestion tract

  4. Metamerism (Body Segments) 2 Segments 3 Segments

  5. General Characteristics Con’t • Ventral Nervous System • __________________ • Metamorphosis • 5 Subphylum • Trilobitomorpha, Myriapoda, Chelicerata, Crustacea, Hexapoda

  6. Exoskeleton • Functions of exoskeleton • _______________ • _______________ • Minimize H2O loss • Muscle attachment

  7. Exoskeleton Structure • Composed of _________________ • Epicuticle: outer layer • Water proof • Procuticle: inner layer • Made of chitin

  8. Ecdysis (molting) • 3 step process • 1. Enzymes digest old exoskeleton • 2. New exoskeleton secreted • New exoskeleton is soft • 3. Scleratization (hardening)

  9. Ecdysis (molting) • Molting is important for arthropod growth • Can’t grow in a suit of armor • Is also a dangerous time for arthropods • Typically animals about to molt, will go into hiding just before the process begins

  10. _________________________ • Changes in body form from larval to adult • Ex. Butterfly, Dragonfly • Reduces competition for food and living space

  11. Subphylum Trilobitomorpha • ___________________! • All extinct and marine • Body with 3 sections

  12. Subphylum Myriapoda • Myriapoda- “many legs” • Millipedes, centipedes • Paired legs • _______________________

  13. Millipedes vs. Centipedes • Millipedes: • Herbivorous • Appear to have 2 legs per segment • _____________ • Non-venomous

  14. Centipedes • ____________ • Have only 1 pair of legs per segment • Faster • Venomous

  15. Subphylum Chelicerata • Spiders, mites, ticks, scorpions, horseshoe crabs, • Have chelicera- fangs • ________________ • Cephalothorax • Abdommen

  16. _______________ • Appendages: • 1st pair- chelicera: feeding (often fang-like) • 2nd pair- Pedipalps: feeding, locomotion, reproduction

  17. Subphylum Hexapoda INSECTS

  18. General Characteristics • Hexapoda = “____________” • Includes the class Insecta • 30 million species • 27 Major orders • We will only learn 8

  19. General Characteristics Con’t • 3 pairs of legs • 6 total • 1 pair of antennae • Most have 2 pairs of wings • ______________________ • 3 part body plan • Head, Thorax, Abdomen

  20. Insect Flight • Is a unique trait to the insects • Different insects have wing modifications for specific functions

  21. Economic Importance • Parasites • Ticks, fleas • Are considered agricultural pests. • 1949-European corn borer caused $349 million in damage to the US corn crop

  22. Economic Importance Con’t • Provide goods • Honey • Beeswax • Yummy (to certain cultures) • Silk • Dyes

  23. Economic Importance Con’t • Also are vectors for many diseases • Bubonic plague (flea) • Malaria (mosquito) • _________________(mosquito) • African Sleeping Sickness (Tsetse fly)

  24. Subphylum Crustacea

  25. General Characteristics • Includes crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, and barnacles • _____________________________ • Biramous Appendage: branched Y-shaped appendages

  26. General Characteristics Con’t • ___________________ • Marine and Freshwater • 2 or 3 body segments • Head, Thorax, and Abdomen • OR • Cephalothorax and Abdomen

  27. Reproduction • ______________ • Few monoecious (hermaphroditc)

  28. Females retain eggs until hatching

  29. Economic Importance • Tasty—people like to consume them • _____________

  30. Ecological Importance • Scavengers-eat dead material • _______________(shrimps, barnacles)

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