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The Importance of FGD Gypsum To the CCP Industry

The Importance of FGD Gypsum To the CCP Industry By David Goss, Executive Director American Coal Ash Association OSU – EPRI Workshop St. Louis, September 13, 2006. Growing the FGD Gypsum Marketplace. Issues Driving the CCP Industry. Production. Environment. Utilization.

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The Importance of FGD Gypsum To the CCP Industry

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  1. The Importance of FGD Gypsum To the CCP Industry By David Goss, Executive DirectorAmerican Coal Ash Association OSU – EPRI WorkshopSt. Louis, September 13, 2006

  2. Growing the FGD Gypsum Marketplace Issues Driving the CCP Industry Production Environment Utilization

  3. Industry Response to New Air Emission Requirements Regulationsaffect the marketplace • To achieve compliance to CAIR and CAMR, utilities may add FGD wet systems • Boiler design, plant operational issues, location, fuel source and economic factors will determine each plant’s decision

  4. How Regulations Will ImpactFGD Production • Significant increase in production of FGD material in next decade • Primary market for synthetic gypsum is wallboard – about 9 million tons or 27% • Dry scrubbing systems more prevalent in the Western US Flue Gas Desulfurization material will grow dramatically

  5. Synthetic or FGD Gypsum • Wallboard manufacturing • Agricultural • Cement production Major MarketsFor FGD Gypsum EUCI July 2006

  6. A Diverse Product • Promotes the emergence of seedlings and new plants • Improved drainage in clay soils • Reduction of water use in turf grasses • Synthetic gypsum dissolves faster than mined gypsum Gypsum inAgriculture

  7. Land Uses for FGD Gypsum • Can be used to treat sodic soils • Provides nutrients to crops such as peanuts, vegetables and fruits • Can ameliorate subsoil acidity • Reduces phosphorus runoff Gypsum inAgriculture

  8. Are There Potential Barriers to Increased Agricultural Use? • Mercury removal techniques may raise questions • Perception, not science may challenge end users • Are mercury concentrations a concern? • Can mercury be released in land applications • Has research addressed land applications? • Studies by Gustin, Ladwig, et. al seem to indicate that this is not a technical concern Looking Ahead

  9. Why Increase Focus on Agricultural Markets? • Wallboard industry will not be able to use all new FGD gypsum produced in the next 10-15 years • Agricultural uses could grow dramatically with increased outreach and research • Many parts of the country have little knowledge of agricultural uses of this product Looking Ahead

  10. Florida and Georgia’s Experiences • Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Service regulate FGD gypsum as a fertilizer • Sellers are licensed • Purity levels are specified • Reporting is required • Extensive research supported by Southern Company, TVA and others • 46% of Georgia’s peanut growers use gypsum Looking Ahead

  11. What’s Needed ? • Basic information for producers on how gypsum can be used in agricultural settings • A listing or identification of areas in the US needing or currently using gypsum • The types of crops or settings in which gypsum applications can benefit the grower or land user • Samples of state regulatory documents that permit FGFD gypsum use and under what guidance • Logistics considerations – is the material handled dry or moist? How is it transported and applied? Looking Ahead

  12. How Do We Focus on Agricultural Markets? • Research and testing of FGD products in different climates, soils and with a variety of crops will be needed – land grant universities may be key stakeholders in this research effort • Partnerships with FGD producers, growers, the USDA, and universities may help identify needs for research and funding to support this research • The EPA needs to be educated about agricultural applications and associated risks as it is a new area for them Looking Ahead

  13. Is There Competition? • Natural mined gypsum • Location and transportation may favor natural gypsum over FGD • A whole industry is forming to recycling construction debris wallboard • California consumes a lot of recycled wallboard (California Integrated Waste Management Board) • Preliminary research indicates that mercury in recycled wallboard should not be a concern • CMRA is promoting wallboard recycling aggressively (http://www.drywallrecycling.org/) Looking Ahead

  14. Conclusions • Industry and public sector research and partnerships should be formed • Joint information gathering and dissemination of examples, case studies and reports is needed • Workshops should be held for potential regulators, end users and researchers • US Department of Agriculture has much interest in this area as a new C2P2 sponsor. Opportunities

  15. Resources • http://westernfarmpress.com/mag/farming_essential_amendment_high/ • http://www.gp.com/build/product.aspx?pname=Agricultural&pid=1570&hierarchy=pc • http://www.gypsumsolutions.com/newscenter/news/agricultural/cs_sofnsoil.asp • http://www.dktgypsum.com/news_content7.html Websites

  16. Resources - continued • http://www.wastecapwi.org/documents/BMP_drywall_on_home_sites_final.pdf • http://www.nerc.org/documents/2001-fertilizer-regulations-summary.html • http://aquanic.org/publicat/state/ky/liming_wp.htm • http://www.shawresources.ca/ResSection.ASP?item_id=221 • http://ohioline.osu.edu/anr-fact/0020.html • http://www.tarleton.edu/~txjanr/Response%20of%20Coastal%20Bermudagrass%20to%20Gypsum%20Applications.pdf#search=%22agricultural%20gypsum% Websites

  17. THANK YOU American Coal Ash Association 720-870-7897 www.acaa-usa.org

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