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Bell Ringer: Ch.20-1 EQ. Compare/Contrast other objects in our solar system: The Sun and the Moon.

Learn about the similarities and differences between the Sun and the Moon in our solar system. Understand their compositions, gravity, atmosphere, and phases. Complete the guided worksheet while reading the textbook.

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Bell Ringer: Ch.20-1 EQ. Compare/Contrast other objects in our solar system: The Sun and the Moon.

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  1. Bell Ringer: Ch.20-1EQ. Compare/Contrast other objects in our solar system: The Sun and the Moon. Please open your textbook to Ch. 20.1 and silent read p. 614-617. Complete the guided worksheet as you read! 

  2. Ch.19-2The Sun 10,000,000,000 years 10,832 °F

  3. There are more stars in the universe than there are grains of sand on the Earth.

  4. Solar Nebulas • 1) Nebula: All of the ingredients for planets, moons, and stars are found in clouds in space • Nebulas are mixtures of gases, mainly _______&___________ and dust made of heavier elements like carbon and iron. • Gravity pulls matter together! In most nebulas, there is a lot of space b/n the particles. (less dense than air!) • Gravitational pull is weak (little mass).

  5. Black Holes • If the center of a collapsed star has a mass that is more than 3 times the mass of the sun, the star may contract further because of the strength of its gravity. • The force of the contraction crushes the dense center of the star and leaves a black hole.A black hole is an object that is so massive that light cannot escape its gravity.Because black holes do not give off light, locating them is difficult. If a star is nearby, some gas or dust from the star will spiral into the black hole and give off X rays. These X rays allow astronomers to detect the existence of black holes.

  6. Remember: The Earth has a gravitational pull of its own.

  7. The Moon Near Side

  8. What else do we know about the Moon? • Gravity • Since the Moon is smaller than Earth, it has a weaker gravitational pull. In fact, the Moon only has 1/6 the gravity that Earth does. • This means you weigh six times less on the Moon than you do on Earth! When the astronauts landed on the Moon in 1969, they wore space suits and carried heavy packs of equipment.

  9. The Atmosphere: • Have you heard about the new restaurant on the moon? • It has great food, but a lousy atmosphere! • Effect: There is very little weathering and erosion.

  10. The moon was once a part of Earth. 2 THEORIES: A large object knocked it off? OR pulled in by Earth’s gravity… Lunar Rocks are 4.6 billion years old! The moon is about ¼ the diameter of the Earth. The Moon: LUNA

  11. The Earth rotates on its axis. One rotation happens every 24 hours. This rotation gives us day and night. The Earth revolves around the Sun on its orbit. One revolution happens every 365 ¼ days (one year). Reinact!!! Let’s Compare Earth’s Rotation & Revolution with the moon.

  12. 2) Satellite- An object that revolve around larger objects! 3) Moon-Revolution:27.5 days to revolve around the Earth. 4) Moon Rotation: Takes about 27 days for the moon to make one full rotation on its axis. That is why…. 5) We only seeoneside of the moon. The phase of the moon depends on how much of the sunlit side of the moon faces earth. Moon Facts: It also revolves/rotates!

  13. 6) Phases-are caused by the revolution of the moon. Different appearances of the lit part of the moon. Phase we see depends on how much of the lit part we see. Remember: It takes the moon 27.32 days to revolve around Earth. That is how many days it takes to cycle through the phases. Phases

  14. What is today’s moon phase? • http://www.calendar-365.com/moon/current-moon-phase.html • Why? • Draw how this happens!

  15. Phases of the Moon • WRONG!!! Light is from the Right!

  16. Phases of the Moon • Phases of the Moon Rap First Quarter Waxing Gibbous Waxing Crescent WRONG!!! Full Moon New Moon Waning Gibbous Waning Crescent Last Quarter

  17. Correct!

  18. The Moon is a sphere, big and white It loves to reflect the sun’s bright light. It goes on a journey every 28th day Around the Earth, hide and seek it will play. In the beginning, it is new Out of sight from me and you! Then it waxes in white light As it grows on its right. Waxing, Crescent, Quarter, then gibbous, too. When it’s full, the phases are halfway through! Now it shines more to the left and starts to wane As it fades away in its orbit lane. Waning, gibbous, quarter, then crescent, too. It’s completed its orbit and back to new! The Moon Phases Poem

  19. Five friends noticed they could see better at night when there was a full Moon. They wondered where the moonlight came from. This is what they said: • Curtis: “The Moon reflects the light from the Earth.” • Clarence: “The Moon gets its light from distant stars.” • Chet: “The light from the Sun bounces off the Moon.” • Deirdre: “There is light inside of the Moon that makes it shine.” • Which person do you most agree with? Why?

  20. lunar eclipse -when Earth is between the moon and sun. During a full moon. solar eclipse-when the moon gets between the Earth and the sun. (During a new moon) http://www.valdosta.edu/~cbarnbau/astro_demos/frameset_moon.html Eclipses

  21. Eclipses • A total eclipse happens when the moon or Earth blocks all of the light from the sun. • Umbra- darkest part of the shadow. • Penumbra-largest part of shadow.

  22. Why don’t we have an eclipse every month?

  23. Tides caused by gravity of Moon and Sun Spring tide happens at full and new moon. Earth, Moon, Sun lined up-higher highs and lower low tides Neap tide happens at first and third quarter-Earth, Moon, Sun at right angles: tidal range is lower Tides

  24. The Lure of the Moon • The gravity of the moon pulls on the waterand every molecule on Earth. • Although gravitational forces from both the sun and moon continuously pull on the Earth, the moon’s gravity is the dominate force. Why???

  25. Size & distance • Well, let’s compare the size: if the moon had the mass of a golf ball, the sun would have the mass of 110 school buses. • So why is the moon’s gravitational pull still stronger? • A gravitational pull decreases with distance. • The sun is almost 150 million km away, but the moon is only 385,000km away.

  26. High Tide and Low Tide • The tide’s pull is strongest on the side of the Earth facing moon. • This is called the Battle of the Bulge.

  27. Battle of the Bulge ? • The part of the ocean facing the moon bulges toward the moon, leaving the far side of the ocean behind. • High tide-bulges • Low tide-area where water is pulled away High Tide Low Tide

  28. Timing the Tides • Earth’s rotation on it’s axis and moon’s revolution around Earth determine when the tide occurs.

  29. Click for mini video lesson! • Tides: How would you define them? • Explanation of how the Tides Work!

  30. Spring Tides: • They are tides with the largest daily tidal range= Highest highs, lowest lows • This occurs during the new and full moons; every 14 days • Earth, Sun and Moon in alignment

  31. Neap Tides: • Tides with the smallest daily tidal range between tides • Sun, Earth, moon at 90 degree angle. Draw Me!

  32. http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/news/whatsup-view.cfm?WUID=42 Model how the moon orbits the Earth. And how the Earth orbits the Sun at the same time! M E S

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