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Tuesday, March 18, 2014

Tuesday, March 18, 2014. Goal: 10.7 Analyze the rise & aggression of totalitarian regimes in Germany, Italy, & the USSR & explain their similarities & differences In-class: 15.3 The Rise of Fascist Dictators Notes Reflection #5 : Dictators

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Tuesday, March 18, 2014

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  1. Tuesday, March 18, 2014 Goal: 10.7 Analyze the rise & aggression of totalitarian regimes in Germany, Italy, & the USSR & explain their similarities & differences In-class: 15.3 The Rise of Fascist Dictators Notes Reflection #5: Dictators What do you know about Stalin, Hitler, Hirohito, Mussolini, or Tojo? Tell me anything you know about any one of these guys in two sentences!

  2. 15.3 The Rise of Fascist Dictators And the causes of World War II.

  3. Fascist Beliefs and Policies • Fascism • Extreme nationalism • Loyalty to state • Authoritarian leader • Restore national pride • Each class has a function • Special uniforms, salutes, mass rallies

  4. Failure of the Treaty of Versailles: • Germany was left without an army or navy to defend itself. • Nations slipped into serious depressions (especially Germany due to the war reparations). • Territories were divided and new nations were created without consideration of the people. • Soviet Union was left out of peace talks.

  5. Four Faces of Aggression:

  6. FASCIST ITALY:MUSSOLINI (Il duce) Add to your notes • Extreme nationalism • Militaristic expansion to restore Roman Empire • Charismatic leader • Belief in private property with strong government control • Anti-communist

  7. NAZI GERMANY:HITLER • Der Fuhrer (The Leader) of the Third Reich—German Empire • Annexes Austria & demands Sudetenland from Czechoslovakia • Austrian, failed artist, fought for Germany in WWI • Extreme nationalism & racism • Militaristic expansion • Charismatic leader/ played on fears & pride • Belief in private property with strong government control • Anti-communist

  8. Rise of the Nazis • National Socialist German Worker’s Party—Nazi Party • Adopted the swastika • Storm Troopers/Brown Shirts—private militia

  9. Rise of the Nazi’s Cont. • 1923 tried to seize power, failed & jailed • Wrote Mein Kampf (My Struggle) • Aryans master race • Other races inferior • Germany needed lebensraum, living space, & should conquer other countries

  10. Not done with der Fuhrer… • Hitler ignored until depression • Germans turn to Hitler, hoping for security & strong leadership • 1933 named Chancellor, totalitarian state • SS (loyal only to Hitler) arrested & murdered opponents • Gestapo (Nazi secret police) used terror • Used propaganda

  11. Anti-Semitism (hatred for Jews) • Nazi’s used Jews as scapegoats for Germany’s problems • Deprived them of rights • Nov. 9, 1938: Kristallnacht “night of broken glass” • Nazi mobs attacked Jews in their homes & on the streets, destroying thousands of Jewish owned buildings

  12. German police escort Jews to Dachau, November 10, 1938

  13. Jews arrested by SS

  14. JAPAN: TOJO AND HIROHITO • Tojo became militaristic Prime Minister for Emperor Hirohito • Militarism, Nationalism and Racism • Sought Asian empire for imperialist efforts • “Asia for Asians” Prime Minister Hideki Tojo (above) and Emperor Hirohito (below)

  15. Common Themes: • Hold power by force and fear • Pass laws to forbid political competition • Appeal to people’s prejudices • All suffering from hard economic times

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