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Cardiac biophysics

Cardiac biophysics. Heart Pump of the circulatory system. Cardiac biophysics. Structure of the heart Coordinated contraction Cardiac cycle Work of the heart. A. pulmonalis. Aorta. Left atrium. Bulbus aortae. Aorta valve. Mitral (bicuspid) valve. Right atrium. Tricuspid valve.

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Cardiac biophysics

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  1. Cardiac biophysics

  2. HeartPump of the circulatory system

  3. Cardiac biophysics • Structure of the heart • Coordinated contraction • Cardiac cycle • Work of the heart

  4. A. pulmonalis Aorta Left atrium Bulbus aortae Aorta valve Mitral (bicuspid) valve Right atrium Tricuspid valve Left ventricle Right ventricle Septum Structure of the human heart

  5. Thick filament (myosin) M-line Titin (spring function) Z-line Z-line Thin filament (actin) Functional structure of the heart myocyte Structural and functional unit: sarcomere

  6. mm mV R Sinus node 10 mm (1 mV) T AV node (Tawara-Aschoff) P 3.5 mm 0,08 s Q S His-bundle 0,15 s ST 0,08 s t (s) Tawara-bundles Purkinje- fibers Activation of coordinated contractions EKG

  7. Beats per minute (1/min) The cardiac cycle Contraction (systole) - relaxation (diastole) cycle of the heart

  8. Aorta Pressure Left ventricle 1-3: ventricular systole 3-1: ventricular diastole Flow Intensity Bulbus aortae A. pulmonalis Pressure Right ventricle Semilunar valve Atrioventricular valve Time Events of the cardiac cycle 1-2: pre-ejection period (PEP) 2-3: ejection period (EP) 3-4: isovolumetric relaxation (IVR) 4-1: ventricular filling (VF)

  9. EP IVR PEP VF Pressure-volume diagram of left ventricle Mm=Isovolumetric Pressure maximum Mb=Isobaric Volume minimum R=Relaxed ventricle Residual volume Stroke volume

  10. P (kPa) 16 10,6 L 0 50 130 V (ml) Work of the heart(work of left ventricle) Indicator diagram: Simplified pressure- volume relationship EP IVR PEP VF pV=static (volumetric) component 1/2mv2=dynamic component p=pressure V=stroke volume

  11. Work of heart against increased presssure Compensatitory increase in stroke volume Adjustment of stroke volumeFrank-Starling mechanism

  12. Cardiac biophysics • Structure of the heart • Coordinated contraction • Cardiac cycle • Work of the heart

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